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Mobile Programming Lecture 17

Mobile Programming Lecture 17. Creating Homescreen Widgets. Agenda. Shape Drawables Homescreen Widgets Updating Widgets with a BroadcastReceiver Updating Widgets with a Service. Shape Drawables. If you need to show a simple shape on the screen, you can use a Shape Drawable

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Mobile Programming Lecture 17

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  1. Mobile Programming Lecture 17 Creating Homescreen Widgets

  2. Agenda • Shape Drawables • Homescreen Widgets • Updating Widgets with a BroadcastReceiver • Updating Widgets with a Service

  3. Shape Drawables • If you need to show a simple shape on the screen, you can use a Shape Drawable • Useful for displaying rectangles, squares, circles, ovals, rings, and lines • Can also be used when creating homescreen widgets • Use an ImageView to display a shape in your Layout

  4. Shape Drawables • To create a new Shape • File > New > Android XML File • Resource Type: Drawable • File: e.g. myshape.xml • Root element: shape

  5. Shape Drawables <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" > </shape>

  6. Shape Drawables <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:shape="rectangle"> </shape> Specify the type of shape by adding the android:shape attribute

  7. Shape Drawables <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:shape="rectangle"> <stroke android:width="2dp" android:color="#000000" /> </shape> The <stroke> element defines the border of the rectangle

  8. Shape Drawables <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:shape="rectangle"> <stroke android:width="2dp" android:color="#000000" /> </shape> Here we make the border black and 2dp thick

  9. Shape Drawables <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:shape="rectangle"> <stroke android:width="2dp" android:color="#000000" /> <gradient android:angle="0" android:endColor="#DD2ECCFA" android:startColor="#DD000000" /> </shape> The <gradient> element allows you to fade from one start color to an end color

  10. Shape Drawables <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:shape="rectangle"> <stroke android:width="2dp" android:color="#000000" /> <gradient android:angle="0" android:endColor="#DD2ECCFA" android:startColor="#DD000000" /> </shape> Here we have a linear gradient from black to white

  11. Shape Drawables <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:shape="rectangle"> <stroke android:width="2dp" android:color="#000000" /> <gradient android:angle="0" android:endColor="#DD2ECCFA" android:startColor="#DD000000" /> <corners android:radius="25dp" /> </shape> The <corners> element allows you to add rounded corners for your shape

  12. Shape Drawables <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:shape="rectangle"> <stroke android:width="2dp" android:color="#000000" /> <gradient android:angle="0" android:endColor="#DD2ECCFA" android:startColor="#DD000000" /> <corners android:radius="25dp" /> </shape> You can also round each corner individually. Use Ctrl+Space to see your options

  13. Shape Drawables • To show the Shape on the screen, add an ImageView and set the android:src attribute • Modify the layout_height and layout_width attributes and your shape will adjust accordingly <ImageView android:id="@+id/myShapeView" android:layout_width="100dp" android:layout_height="50dp" android:layout_marginTop="41dp" android:src="@drawable/my_shape"/>

  14. Shape Drawables See ShapeExample.tar

  15. Homescreen Widgets • Widgets are little applications which can be placed on the home screen of your Android device • A Widget gets its data on a periodic timetable • There are two methods to update a widget • one is based on an XML configuration file and • the other is based on the Android AlarmManager service.

  16. Homescreen Widgets • A Widget runs as part of the homescreen process

  17. Homescreen Widgets • Widgets use RemoteViews to create there user interface • A RemoteView can be executed by another process with the same permissions as the original application • This way the Widget runs with the permissions of its defining application

  18. Homescreen Widgets • The user interface for an Widget is defined by an BroadcastReceiver • This BroadcastReceiver inflates its layout into an object of type RemoteViews • This RemoteViews object is delivered to Android, which hands it over the HomeScreen application.

  19. Steps to Create a Widget To create a Widget you: 1 Define a layout file for your Widget 2 Maintain an XML file (AppWidgetProviderInfo) which describes the properties of the widget, e.g. size or the fixed update frequency. 3 Create and register a BroadcastReceiver which will be used to build the user interface of the Widgets. This receiver extends the AppWidgetProvider class which provides additional lifecycle hooks for Widgets. 4 Maintain the App Widget configuration in the AndroidManifest.xml file

  20. Example In this example, we will create a widget that will display a random number every 30 minutes or whenever the widget is clicked.

  21. 1 Define Layout file for Widget <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:shape="rectangle" > <stroke android:width="2dp" android:color="#FFFFFFFF" /> <gradient android:angle="225" android:endColor="#DD2ECCFA" android:startColor="#DD000000" /> <corners android:radius="7dp" /> </shape> Create your Shape XML file

  22. 1 Define Layout file for Widget <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:id="@+id/layout" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_margin="8dip" android:background="@drawable/myshape" > <TextView android:id="@+id/update" style="@android:style/TextAppearance.Medium" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_gravity="center" android:gravity="center_horizontal|center_vertical" android:layout_margin="4dip" android:text="Static Text" > </TextView> </LinearLayout>

  23. 1 Define Layout file for Widget <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:id="@+id/layout" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_margin="8dip" android:background="@drawable/myshape" > <TextView android:id="@+id/update" style="@android:style/TextAppearance.Medium" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_gravity="center" android:gravity="center_horizontal|center_vertical" android:layout_margin="4dip" android:text="Static Text" > </TextView> </LinearLayout> Add your Shape XML file as the background in the Layout for your Widget

  24. 1 Define Layout file for Widget <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:id="@+id/layout" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_margin="8dip" android:background="@drawable/myshape" > <TextView android:id="@+id/update" style="@android:style/TextAppearance.Medium" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_gravity="center" android:gravity="center_horizontal|center_vertical" android:layout_margin="4dip" android:text="Static Text" > </TextView> </LinearLayout> This TextView will be used to show the random number

  25. 2 Create XML Widget info file • File > New > Android > Android XML File • Resource Type: AppWidget Provider • File: e.g. "widget_info.xml"

  26. 2 Create XML Widget info file • In the widget configuration file you can specify a fixed update interval • the system will wake up after this time interval and call your broadcast receiver to update the widget • the smallest update interval is 180000 milliseconds (30 minutes)

  27. 2 Create XML Widget info file • Modify the file (using the XML form method, or the XML editor) to look like this <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <appwidget-provider xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:initialLayout="@layout/widget_layout" android:minHeight="72dp" android:minWidth="300dp" android:updatePeriodMillis="180000" > </appwidget-provider>

  28. 2 Create XML Widget info file • Modify the file (using the XML form method, or the XML editor) to look like this <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <appwidget-provider xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:initialLayout="@layout/widget_layout" android:minHeight="72dp" android:minWidth="300dp" android:updatePeriodMillis="180000" > </appwidget-provider> Set the minimum height and width of the AppWidget

  29. 3 Create and register BCR Next we create and register our Broadcast Receiver Our BroadcastReceiver will extend AppWidgetProvider, which is itself a subclass of BroadcastReceiver

  30. 3 Create and register BCR • Your BroadcastReceiver extends AppWidgetProvider • The AppWidgetProvider class implements the onReceive() method • it extracts the required information and calls the following widget lifecycle methods

  31. 3 Create and register BCR Lifecycle Methods

  32. 3 Create and register BCR public class MyWidgetProvider extends AppWidgetProvider { @Override public void onUpdate(Context context, AppWidgetManager appWidgetManager, int[] appWidgetIds) { ComponentName thisWidget = new ComponentName(context, MyWidgetProvider.class); int[] allWidgetIds = appWidgetManager.getAppWidgetIds(thisWidget); for (int widgetId : allWidgetIds) { int number = (new Random().nextInt(100)); RemoteViews remoteViews = new RemoteViews(context.getPackageName(), R.layout.widget_layout); remoteViews.setTextViewText(R.id.update, String.valueOf(number)); Intent intent = new Intent(context, MyWidgetProvider.class); intent.setAction(AppWidgetManager.ACTION_APPWIDGET_UPDATE); intent.putExtra(AppWidgetManager.EXTRA_APPWIDGET_IDS, appWidgetIds); PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(context, 0, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT); remoteViews.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.update, pendingIntent); appWidgetManager.updateAppWidget(widgetId, remoteViews); } } }

  33. 3 Create and register BCR This is a BroadcastReceiver public class MyWidgetProvider extends AppWidgetProvider { @Override public void onUpdate(Context context, AppWidgetManager appWidgetManager, int[] appWidgetIds) { ComponentName thisWidget = new ComponentName(context, MyWidgetProvider.class); int[] allWidgetIds = appWidgetManager.getAppWidgetIds(thisWidget); for (int widgetId : allWidgetIds) { int number = (new Random().nextInt(100)); RemoteViews remoteViews = new RemoteViews(context.getPackageName(), R.layout.widget_layout); remoteViews.setTextViewText(R.id.update, String.valueOf(number)); Intent intent = new Intent(context, MyWidgetProvider.class); intent.setAction(AppWidgetManager.ACTION_APPWIDGET_UPDATE); intent.putExtra(AppWidgetManager.EXTRA_APPWIDGET_IDS, appWidgetIds); PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(context, 0, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT); remoteViews.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.update, pendingIntent); appWidgetManager.updateAppWidget(widgetId, remoteViews); } } }

  34. 3 Create and register BCR The regular BCR doesn't have onUpdate, but AppWidgetProvider does. Override this method public class MyWidgetProvider extends AppWidgetProvider { @Override public void onUpdate(Context context, AppWidgetManager appWidgetManager, int[] appWidgetIds) { ComponentName thisWidget = new ComponentName(context, MyWidgetProvider.class); int[] allWidgetIds = appWidgetManager.getAppWidgetIds(thisWidget); for (int widgetId : allWidgetIds) { int number = (new Random().nextInt(100)); RemoteViews remoteViews = new RemoteViews(context.getPackageName(), R.layout.widget_layout); remoteViews.setTextViewText(R.id.update, String.valueOf(number)); Intent intent = new Intent(context, MyWidgetProvider.class); intent.setAction(AppWidgetManager.ACTION_APPWIDGET_UPDATE); intent.putExtra(AppWidgetManager.EXTRA_APPWIDGET_IDS, appWidgetIds); PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(context, 0, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT); remoteViews.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.update, pendingIntent); appWidgetManager.updateAppWidget(widgetId, remoteViews); } } }

  35. 3 Create and register BCR This will be used to update AppWidget state. It can be used to get information about an installed AppWidget provider public class MyWidgetProvider extends AppWidgetProvider { @Override public void onUpdate(Context context, AppWidgetManager appWidgetManager, int[] appWidgetIds) { ComponentName thisWidget = new ComponentName(context, MyWidgetProvider.class); int[] allWidgetIds = appWidgetManager.getAppWidgetIds(thisWidget); for (int widgetId : allWidgetIds) { int number = (new Random().nextInt(100)); RemoteViews remoteViews = new RemoteViews(context.getPackageName(), R.layout.widget_layout); remoteViews.setTextViewText(R.id.update, String.valueOf(number)); Intent intent = new Intent(context, MyWidgetProvider.class); intent.setAction(AppWidgetManager.ACTION_APPWIDGET_UPDATE); intent.putExtra(AppWidgetManager.EXTRA_APPWIDGET_IDS, appWidgetIds); PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(context, 0, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT); remoteViews.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.update, pendingIntent); appWidgetManager.updateAppWidget(widgetId, remoteViews); } } }

  36. 3 Create and register BCR These are the AppWidgets that need to be updated. It may be all of them, or just a subset public class MyWidgetProvider extends AppWidgetProvider { @Override public void onUpdate(Context context, AppWidgetManager appWidgetManager, int[] appWidgetIds) { ComponentName thisWidget = new ComponentName(context, MyWidgetProvider.class); int[] allWidgetIds = appWidgetManager.getAppWidgetIds(thisWidget); for (int widgetId : allWidgetIds) { int number = (new Random().nextInt(100)); RemoteViews remoteViews = new RemoteViews(context.getPackageName(), R.layout.widget_layout); remoteViews.setTextViewText(R.id.update, String.valueOf(number)); Intent intent = new Intent(context, MyWidgetProvider.class); intent.setAction(AppWidgetManager.ACTION_APPWIDGET_UPDATE); intent.putExtra(AppWidgetManager.EXTRA_APPWIDGET_IDS, appWidgetIds); PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(context, 0, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT); remoteViews.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.update, pendingIntent); appWidgetManager.updateAppWidget(widgetId, remoteViews); } } }

  37. 3 Create and register BCR ComponentName simply encapsulates the package name and the class name of MyWidgetProvider public class MyWidgetProvider extends AppWidgetProvider { @Override public void onUpdate(Context context, AppWidgetManager appWidgetManager, int[] appWidgetIds) { ComponentName thisWidget = new ComponentName(context, MyWidgetProvider.class); int[] allWidgetIds = appWidgetManager.getAppWidgetIds(thisWidget); for (int widgetId : allWidgetIds) { int number = (new Random().nextInt(100)); RemoteViews remoteViews = new RemoteViews(context.getPackageName(), R.layout.widget_layout); remoteViews.setTextViewText(R.id.update, String.valueOf(number)); Intent intent = new Intent(context, MyWidgetProvider.class); intent.setAction(AppWidgetManager.ACTION_APPWIDGET_UPDATE); intent.putExtra(AppWidgetManager.EXTRA_APPWIDGET_IDS, appWidgetIds); PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(context, 0, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT); remoteViews.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.update, pendingIntent); appWidgetManager.updateAppWidget(widgetId, remoteViews); } } }

  38. 3 Create and register BCR We will get all of the widget ids anyway, and try to update them all (however, in this example there's just one widget) public class MyWidgetProvider extends AppWidgetProvider { @Override public void onUpdate(Context context, AppWidgetManager appWidgetManager, int[] appWidgetIds) { ComponentName thisWidget = new ComponentName(context, MyWidgetProvider.class); int[] allWidgetIds = appWidgetManager.getAppWidgetIds(thisWidget); for (int widgetId : allWidgetIds) { int number = (new Random().nextInt(100)); RemoteViews remoteViews = new RemoteViews(context.getPackageName(), R.layout.widget_layout); remoteViews.setTextViewText(R.id.update, String.valueOf(number)); Intent intent = new Intent(context, MyWidgetProvider.class); intent.setAction(AppWidgetManager.ACTION_APPWIDGET_UPDATE); intent.putExtra(AppWidgetManager.EXTRA_APPWIDGET_IDS, appWidgetIds); PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(context, 0, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT); remoteViews.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.update, pendingIntent); appWidgetManager.updateAppWidget(widgetId, remoteViews); } } }

  39. 3 Create and register BCR We will show how to have multiple widgets for a single app in step 4 public class MyWidgetProvider extends AppWidgetProvider { @Override public void onUpdate(Context context, AppWidgetManager appWidgetManager, int[] appWidgetIds) { ComponentName thisWidget = new ComponentName(context, MyWidgetProvider.class); int[] allWidgetIds = appWidgetManager.getAppWidgetIds(thisWidget); for (int widgetId : allWidgetIds) { int number = (new Random().nextInt(100)); RemoteViews remoteViews = new RemoteViews(context.getPackageName(), R.layout.widget_layout); remoteViews.setTextViewText(R.id.update, String.valueOf(number)); Intent intent = new Intent(context, MyWidgetProvider.class); intent.setAction(AppWidgetManager.ACTION_APPWIDGET_UPDATE); intent.putExtra(AppWidgetManager.EXTRA_APPWIDGET_IDS, appWidgetIds); PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(context, 0, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT); remoteViews.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.update, pendingIntent); appWidgetManager.updateAppWidget(widgetId, remoteViews); } } }

  40. 3 Create and register BCR public class MyWidgetProvider extends AppWidgetProvider { @Override public void onUpdate(Context context, AppWidgetManager appWidgetManager, int[] appWidgetIds) { ComponentName thisWidget = new ComponentName(context, MyWidgetProvider.class); int[] allWidgetIds = appWidgetManager.getAppWidgetIds(thisWidget); for (int widgetId : allWidgetIds) { int number = (new Random().nextInt(100)); RemoteViews remoteViews = new RemoteViews(context.getPackageName(), R.layout.widget_layout); remoteViews.setTextViewText(R.id.update, String.valueOf(number)); Intent intent = new Intent(context, MyWidgetProvider.class); intent.setAction(AppWidgetManager.ACTION_APPWIDGET_UPDATE); intent.putExtra(AppWidgetManager.EXTRA_APPWIDGET_IDS, appWidgetIds); PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(context, 0, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT); remoteViews.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.update, pendingIntent); appWidgetManager.updateAppWidget(widgetId, remoteViews); } } } Iterate through all of the widget ids. This is similar to using allWidgetIds.length to iterate

  41. 3 Create and register BCR public class MyWidgetProvider extends AppWidgetProvider { @Override public void onUpdate(Context context, AppWidgetManager appWidgetManager, int[] appWidgetIds) { ComponentName thisWidget = new ComponentName(context, MyWidgetProvider.class); int[] allWidgetIds = appWidgetManager.getAppWidgetIds(thisWidget); for (int widgetId : allWidgetIds) { int number = (new Random().nextInt(100)); RemoteViews remoteViews = new RemoteViews(context.getPackageName(), R.layout.widget_layout); remoteViews.setTextViewText(R.id.update, String.valueOf(number)); Intent intent = new Intent(context, MyWidgetProvider.class); intent.setAction(AppWidgetManager.ACTION_APPWIDGET_UPDATE); intent.putExtra(AppWidgetManager.EXTRA_APPWIDGET_IDS, appWidgetIds); PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(context, 0, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT); remoteViews.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.update, pendingIntent); appWidgetManager.updateAppWidget(widgetId, remoteViews); } } } Get a random number

  42. 3 Create and register BCR public class MyWidgetProvider extends AppWidgetProvider { @Override public void onUpdate(Context context, AppWidgetManager appWidgetManager, int[] appWidgetIds) { ComponentName thisWidget = new ComponentName(context, MyWidgetProvider.class); int[] allWidgetIds = appWidgetManager.getAppWidgetIds(thisWidget); for (int widgetId : allWidgetIds) { int number = (new Random().nextInt(100)); RemoteViews remoteViews = new RemoteViews(context.getPackageName(), R.layout.widget_layout); remoteViews.setTextViewText(R.id.update, String.valueOf(number)); Intent intent = new Intent(context, MyWidgetProvider.class); intent.setAction(AppWidgetManager.ACTION_APPWIDGET_UPDATE); intent.putExtra(AppWidgetManager.EXTRA_APPWIDGET_IDS, appWidgetIds); PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(context, 0, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT); remoteViews.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.update, pendingIntent); appWidgetManager.updateAppWidget(widgetId, remoteViews); } } } A RemoteView can be executed by another process. Here the widget will run with the same permissions as the app

  43. 3 Create and register BCR public class MyWidgetProvider extends AppWidgetProvider { @Override public void onUpdate(Context context, AppWidgetManager appWidgetManager, int[] appWidgetIds) { ComponentName thisWidget = new ComponentName(context, MyWidgetProvider.class); int[] allWidgetIds = appWidgetManager.getAppWidgetIds(thisWidget); for (int widgetId : allWidgetIds) { int number = (new Random().nextInt(100)); RemoteViews remoteViews = new RemoteViews(context.getPackageName(), R.layout.widget_layout); remoteViews.setTextViewText(R.id.update, String.valueOf(number)); Intent intent = new Intent(context, MyWidgetProvider.class); intent.setAction(AppWidgetManager.ACTION_APPWIDGET_UPDATE); intent.putExtra(AppWidgetManager.EXTRA_APPWIDGET_IDS, appWidgetIds); PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(context, 0, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT); remoteViews.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.update, pendingIntent); appWidgetManager.updateAppWidget(widgetId, remoteViews); } } } We use this because the Homescreen app will run our Widget, instead of our own app running the Widget

  44. 3 Create and register BCR public class MyWidgetProvider extends AppWidgetProvider { @Override public void onUpdate(Context context, AppWidgetManager appWidgetManager, int[] appWidgetIds) { ComponentName thisWidget = new ComponentName(context, MyWidgetProvider.class); int[] allWidgetIds = appWidgetManager.getAppWidgetIds(thisWidget); for (int widgetId : allWidgetIds) { int number = (new Random().nextInt(100)); RemoteViews remoteViews = new RemoteViews(context.getPackageName(), R.layout.widget_layout); remoteViews.setTextViewText(R.id.update, String.valueOf(number)); Intent intent = new Intent(context, MyWidgetProvider.class); intent.setAction(AppWidgetManager.ACTION_APPWIDGET_UPDATE); intent.putExtra(AppWidgetManager.EXTRA_APPWIDGET_IDS, appWidgetIds); PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(context, 0, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT); remoteViews.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.update, pendingIntent); appWidgetManager.updateAppWidget(widgetId, remoteViews); } } } First argument is the package name of your app. We can get the package name from the Context

  45. 3 Create and register BCR public class MyWidgetProvider extends AppWidgetProvider { @Override public void onUpdate(Context context, AppWidgetManager appWidgetManager, int[] appWidgetIds) { ComponentName thisWidget = new ComponentName(context, MyWidgetProvider.class); int[] allWidgetIds = appWidgetManager.getAppWidgetIds(thisWidget); for (int widgetId : allWidgetIds) { int number = (new Random().nextInt(100)); RemoteViews remoteViews = new RemoteViews(context.getPackageName(), R.layout.widget_layout); remoteViews.setTextViewText(R.id.update, String.valueOf(number)); Intent intent = new Intent(context, MyWidgetProvider.class); intent.setAction(AppWidgetManager.ACTION_APPWIDGET_UPDATE); intent.putExtra(AppWidgetManager.EXTRA_APPWIDGET_IDS, appWidgetIds); PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(context, 0, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT); remoteViews.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.update, pendingIntent); appWidgetManager.updateAppWidget(widgetId, remoteViews); } } } Second argument is the resource id of the Layout defining what the Widget looks like. This is the XML file from step 1

  46. 3 Create and register BCR public class MyWidgetProvider extends AppWidgetProvider { @Override public void onUpdate(Context context, AppWidgetManager appWidgetManager, int[] appWidgetIds) { ComponentName thisWidget = new ComponentName(context, MyWidgetProvider.class); int[] allWidgetIds = appWidgetManager.getAppWidgetIds(thisWidget); for (int widgetId : allWidgetIds) { int number = (new Random().nextInt(100)); RemoteViews remoteViews = new RemoteViews(context.getPackageName(), R.layout.widget_layout); remoteViews.setTextViewText(R.id.update, String.valueOf(number)); Intent intent = new Intent(context, MyWidgetProvider.class); intent.setAction(AppWidgetManager.ACTION_APPWIDGET_UPDATE); intent.putExtra(AppWidgetManager.EXTRA_APPWIDGET_IDS, appWidgetIds); PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(context, 0, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT); remoteViews.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.update, pendingIntent); appWidgetManager.updateAppWidget(widgetId, remoteViews); } } } Here we change the text that should show up on the Widget when it is updated

  47. 3 Create and register BCR public class MyWidgetProvider extends AppWidgetProvider { @Override public void onUpdate(Context context, AppWidgetManager appWidgetManager, int[] appWidgetIds) { ComponentName thisWidget = new ComponentName(context, MyWidgetProvider.class); int[] allWidgetIds = appWidgetManager.getAppWidgetIds(thisWidget); for (int widgetId : allWidgetIds) { int number = (new Random().nextInt(100)); RemoteViews remoteViews = new RemoteViews(context.getPackageName(), R.layout.widget_layout); remoteViews.setTextViewText(R.id.update, String.valueOf(number)); Intent intent = new Intent(context, MyWidgetProvider.class); intent.setAction(AppWidgetManager.ACTION_APPWIDGET_UPDATE); intent.putExtra(AppWidgetManager.EXTRA_APPWIDGET_IDS, appWidgetIds); PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(context, 0, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT); remoteViews.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.update, pendingIntent); appWidgetManager.updateAppWidget(widgetId, remoteViews); } } } Call setTextViewText on the RemoteView

  48. 3 Create and register BCR public class MyWidgetProvider extends AppWidgetProvider { @Override public void onUpdate(Context context, AppWidgetManager appWidgetManager, int[] appWidgetIds) { ComponentName thisWidget = new ComponentName(context, MyWidgetProvider.class); int[] allWidgetIds = appWidgetManager.getAppWidgetIds(thisWidget); for (int widgetId : allWidgetIds) { int number = (new Random().nextInt(100)); RemoteViews remoteViews = new RemoteViews(context.getPackageName(), R.layout.widget_layout); remoteViews.setTextViewText(R.id.update, String.valueOf(number)); Intent intent = new Intent(context, MyWidgetProvider.class); intent.setAction(AppWidgetManager.ACTION_APPWIDGET_UPDATE); intent.putExtra(AppWidgetManager.EXTRA_APPWIDGET_IDS, appWidgetIds); PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(context, 0, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT); remoteViews.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.update, pendingIntent); appWidgetManager.updateAppWidget(widgetId, remoteViews); } } } First argument is the id of the TextView in our XML Layout file

  49. 3 Create and register BCR public class MyWidgetProvider extends AppWidgetProvider { @Override public void onUpdate(Context context, AppWidgetManager appWidgetManager, int[] appWidgetIds) { ComponentName thisWidget = new ComponentName(context, MyWidgetProvider.class); int[] allWidgetIds = appWidgetManager.getAppWidgetIds(thisWidget); for (int widgetId : allWidgetIds) { int number = (new Random().nextInt(100)); RemoteViews remoteViews = new RemoteViews(context.getPackageName(), R.layout.widget_layout); remoteViews.setTextViewText(R.id.update, String.valueOf(number)); Intent intent = new Intent(context, MyWidgetProvider.class); intent.setAction(AppWidgetManager.ACTION_APPWIDGET_UPDATE); intent.putExtra(AppWidgetManager.EXTRA_APPWIDGET_IDS, appWidgetIds); PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(context, 0, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT); remoteViews.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.update, pendingIntent); appWidgetManager.updateAppWidget(widgetId, remoteViews); } } } Second argument is the text. Here we convert the int to a String

  50. 3 Create and register BCR public class MyWidgetProvider extends AppWidgetProvider { @Override public void onUpdate(Context context, AppWidgetManager appWidgetManager, int[] appWidgetIds) { ComponentName thisWidget = new ComponentName(context, MyWidgetProvider.class); int[] allWidgetIds = appWidgetManager.getAppWidgetIds(thisWidget); for (int widgetId : allWidgetIds) { int number = (new Random().nextInt(100)); RemoteViews remoteViews = new RemoteViews(context.getPackageName(), R.layout.widget_layout); remoteViews.setTextViewText(R.id.update, String.valueOf(number)); Intent intent = new Intent(context, MyWidgetProvider.class); intent.setAction(AppWidgetManager.ACTION_APPWIDGET_UPDATE); intent.putExtra(AppWidgetManager.EXTRA_APPWIDGET_IDS, appWidgetIds); PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(context, 0, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT); remoteViews.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.update, pendingIntent); appWidgetManager.updateAppWidget(widgetId, remoteViews); } } } Next we will register an onClick event that will allow the widget to be updated when it is clicked

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