1 / 14

Absolutism in Prussia & Russia: Frederick II to Catherine II

Learn about Frederick II's absolute rule in Prussia & Peter I's westernization of Russia, continued by Catherine II. The age of enlightened despots in Europe.

tamisha
Download Presentation

Absolutism in Prussia & Russia: Frederick II to Catherine II

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. CHAPTER 17 LESSON 3 NOTES: THE AGE OF ABSOLUTISM IN PRUSSIA AND RUSSIA

  2. PRUSSIA’S FREDERICK II

  3. Lutheran, • Hohenzollern king • Absolute rule, by • divine-right • Used landowning, noble • Junker class to build Europe’s strongest • military state • Won iron-rich region, Silesia, from Austria

  4. Silesia in the War of the Austrian Succession, defeating Hapsburg Catholic, Maria Theresa; led to Seven Years’ War by which Austria and France were defeated by Prussia and Britain; Prussia keeps Silesia

  5. PRUSSIA’S FREDERICK II • An enlighteneddespot (any monarch who attempts reforms for the good of his people): • 1. granted religious • freedom, except to • Jews • 2. freedom of the • press • 3. reduced • torture • 4. called self • “thefirstservantof the • state.”

  6. RUSSIA’S PETER I(THE GREAT) • E. Orthodox, • Romanovczar • Absolute, • divineright rule

  7. Major domestic goal: to • westernize or modernize Russia like • W. Europe: • built factories • edited 1st newspaper • modernized army [and navy]

  8. taxed bearded Russians & became • known as the • “BarberKing”

  9. built a “windowonthewest” • (city of St. Petersburg) • on the Baltic Sea

  10. lessened power of the boyars (nobility) • Major foreign policy goal: to extend trade • by gaining • warm-water ports: • warred with Sweden & • the Ottoman Turks • [responsible for his only son’s death; • died saving the lives of drowning soldiers]

  11. RUSSIA’S CATHERINE II(THE GREAT) age 16 here and already engaged since age 14 to… Peter III who became czar in 1762 and reigned for 6 months became empress or czarina in 1762 at age 33 dies in 1796 at age 67

  12. German Lutheran who married an Orthodox • Christian from the Russian Romanov dynasty; • she converted to Orthodoxy • became empress when her husband • Czar Peter III died suddenly and mysteriously in • a mental hospital • An enlightened despot, relying on the support • from the boyars(nobility) • 1. she tolerated all religions including • Judaism • 2. she patronized the arts, lit., ed. • 3. she attempted serfreform until peasants • revolted against her policies

  13. Same major foreign policy • goal as • Peter I (search out and • acquire warm-water ports) • 1. added 200,000 sq. • miles to Russian • territory by • acquiring the • Crimean Peninsula • from the Turks & • lands along the • Baltic, • Black, & • CaspianSeas

  14. 2. she partitioned • Poland 3 separate times along with the • Austria& • Prussia, • causing Poland to disappear from a European map • She ensured that Russia became official protector of all E. Orthodox Christians living in the • Ottoman Empire Russia’s slices Prussia’s slices Austria’s slices

More Related