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The Failed State Index, 2012

The Failed State Index, 2012. Taken From: Foreign Policy . 2011. http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/06/17/2011_failed_states_index_interactive_map_and_rankings. What makes a country a “failed state?”. Definition of a “state.”.

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The Failed State Index, 2012

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  1. The Failed State Index, 2012 Taken From: Foreign Policy. 2011. http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/06/17/2011_failed_states_index_interactive_map_and_rankings

  2. What makes a country a “failed state?”

  3. Definition of a “state.” • Set of institutions that successfully create and implement policy over a specific geographic area. • Monopoly on the use of force/violence within a defined territory. • Institutions and government are sovereign. Strong Weak Failing Failed

  4. Somalia

  5. Democratic Republic of the Congo

  6. Sudan

  7. Chad

  8. Zimbabwe

  9. Failed States Index, 2012 • Nigeria 14th 101.1 • Iran 34th 89.6 • China 76th 78.3 • Russia 83rd 77.1 • Mexico 98th 73.6 • UK 158th35.3 • U.S. 159th 34.8 • Finland 177th 20.0

  10. Failed States Methodology & U.S. Score • Demographic Pressures 3.3 • Refugees and IDPs 2.6 • Group Grievance 3.9 • Human Flight/Brain Drain 1.3 • Uneven Economic Development 5.1 • Poverty and Economic Decline 3.4 • State legitimacy 2.6 • Public Services 2.7 • Human Rights/Rule of Law 3.5 • Security Apparatus 1.9 • Factionalized Elites 3.6 • External Intervention 1.0

  11. “Think Again: Failed States” • Some can be helped if they are willing to be helped. • Ruthless leaders often prevent. • Military intervention: sometimes appropriate. • Can remove despots. • Some states were born to fail. • State boundaries drawn by imperialists (Africa). • Combine multiple ethnicities

  12. “Think Again: Failed States” • Imperialism and the West: sometimes a factor • Congo: Belgium brutalized people and stripped resources. • Afghanistan: victim of the Cold War • Imperialism and the West: sometimes not • Haiti: 200 years since France • Iraq: Initially succeeded after colonization • Some are ungoverned: Somalia (hapless) • Some are misgoverned: Pakistan/Sudan • Self-destructive policies

  13. Economic Development Strategies • Import Substitution: • Stimulate domestic industries with tariffs and other trade barriers. • “substitute imports” with domestic goods. • Structural Adjustment: • Integrate into global markets through globalization • Currently emphasized by World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF)

  14. International Financial Institutions • World Bank • Gives loans and grants to LDCs • Countries contributing the most have the most influence. • International Monetary Fund • Promotes international monetary cooperation and currency stability. • Loans based on “conditionality.” • Structural adjustment and other conditions.

  15. THE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION • 153 countries • Emphasis on FREE trade • Create and administer trade agreements.

  16. Microcredit • Lending and development strategy • Small loans for citizens in LDCs. • Injects credit into struggling economy. • Originated in Bangladesh • GrameenBank (“rural bank”) • Overwhelmingly granted to women

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