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Italian Renaissance

Italian Renaissance. Wealth, trade, and the Church. Italian Renaissance ( 1420 - 1600 A.D. ). European Population. 11 th to 14 th centuries Justinian Reformation (533 A.D.) Black Death 1328. Italian City-States. 14 th , 15 th , and 16 th Centuries Power and growth of European Empires

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Italian Renaissance

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  1. Italian Renaissance Wealth, trade, and the Church

  2. Italian Renaissance ( 1420 - 1600 A.D. )

  3. European Population 11th to 14th centuries • Justinian Reformation (533 A.D.) • Black Death 1328

  4. Italian City-States 14th, 15th, and 16th Centuries • Power and growth of European Empires • Focus on mono-culturism • Rise of humanistic studies, science, and arts • Unstable political and economic situation

  5. Italian City-States (cntd) 14th, 15th, and 16th Centuries Shift in regional powers Volatility in economies, trade, social structures Main Point: economic, social, or political stability are not needed for intellectual and cultural experimentation.

  6. Urban Wealth • 12th to 13th Centuries-start and apex (Italy) • Venice • Concentration of wealth and the church: sin, sin, and damnation of the soul: usury!! • Birth of City-States • Monarchy vs. Regional Autonomy

  7. City-States • Firenze/Florence: City-State • Medieval Period: Holy Roman Emperor vs. Roman Pope • Space for autonomy • Banking and Trade

  8. City-States and Regions in Italy Early Renaissance • Papal States (Romagna) • Republic of Firenze and Venice • Kingdom of Napoli • Duchy of Milano

  9. Concentration of Wealth • Wealth: non-aristocratic vs. nobility • Banking and middle class • City-States: self-funded autonomy • Reorganization of Social Structures • Nobility and Banking interests • Dwindling of nobility power and papacy

  10. Social Structure in City-States • Old nobility and merchant class • Emergent capitalists and bankers • Less wealthy merchants and tradespeople • Poor and destitute (1/4 or population, approx) • Domestic slaves

  11. Commerce: a blessing or a curse? • Deep class divisions • Gender relations • Slavery (Southern Italy-12th century) • Slaves: Muslims from Spain, North Africa, Crete, the Balkans, and the Ottoman Empire.

  12. Commerce: a blessing or a curse? • Slavery and domestic service • Ownership: sell and “enjoyment” • Off-spring and freedom • Parental rights • Plantation Slavery: Cyprus and Crete

  13. Firenze • Role as cultural center • Rulers and glorification of wealth • Patrons of arts, sciences, philosophy, architecture, literature • Cosimo de’Medici: 1389-1464 • Platonic Academy • Lorenzo and Piero de’Medici (1449-1492)

  14. Conclusions • Socio-economic and political changes led to intellectual, scientific, and artistic experimentation. • Power struggles btx Roman Emperor and Pope open space for political autonomy in Italy. • Trade and political autonomy facilitated the development of banking industry • Concentration of wealth made possible the rise of City-States, trade, and reorganization of social structures • Deep divisions between social classes:oldnobility and merchant class; emergent capitalists and bankers; Less wealthy merchants and tradespeople; poor and destitute and domestic slaves

  15. Conclusions • Concentration of wealth ended the influential role of nobility. • Commercial diversity (Sugar Cane Plantations) gave rise to plantation-style slavery during the Renaissance • Church officials rose from the ranks of nobility; strong political roles focused on expanding power • Last but not least: economic, social, or political stability are not needed for intellectual and cultural experimentation

  16. Questions?

  17. Thank You

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