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First five

First five. True or false? If false , correct to make true Monomers are made of many polymers Hydrolysis reactions produce water Glycogen is a polysaccharide Cellulose is the main source of energy for humans Starch is a disaccharide Amylose chains in starch have a branched structure.

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First five

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  1. First five • True or false? If false, correct to make true • Monomers are made of many polymers • Hydrolysis reactions produce water • Glycogen is a polysaccharide • Cellulose is the main source of energy for humans • Starch is a disaccharide • Amylose chains in starch have a branched structure.

  2. Today’s Announcements Cell Structure Unit Exam • Corrections due no later than, Thursday, February 27 Quiz: Carbohydrates & Lipids • Friday, February 28 [Gold 1]

  3. Lipids What is Fat? http://ed.ted.com/lessons/what-is-fat-george-zaidan Why don't water and oil mix? http://ed.ted.com/lessons/why-don-t-oil-and-water-mix-john-pollard

  4. What do ear wax, hormones, cholesterol, and whale blubber all have in common? Why do we need fat? What biological purposes do you think it serves?

  5. What substances contain lipids?

  6. Lipids molecules include triglycerides (fats and oils) waxes steroids Lipids are non-polar lipids do not dissolve in water Phospholipids make up all cell membranes. Lipids

  7. Main functions of lipids 1. Long term energy storage 2. Protection against heat loss (insulation) 3. Protection against physical shock 4. Protection against water loss 5. Chemical messengers (hormones) 6. Major component of membranes (phospholipids)

  8. Main functions of lipids 1. Long term energy storage 2. Protection against heat loss (insulation) 3. Protection against physical shock 4. Protection against water loss 5. Chemical messengers (hormones) 6. Major component of membranes (phospholipids)

  9. Triglycerides • Composed of 1 glycerol unit and 3 fatty acids • Commonly called “fats” and “oils”

  10. Fatty acid structure Saturated fatty acids Unsaturated fatty acids • No carbon double bonds • Typically solids at room temperature • More common in animals • Have a double bond somewhere between the carbons • Have less hydrogen than a saturated fatty acid • Melt more easily • Typically liquids at room temperature • More common in plants

  11. (A)Saturated or (B)unsaturated?

  12. (A)Saturated or (B)unsaturated?

  13. Saturated vs. unsaturated: similar but different

  14. Saturated vs. unsaturated fats

  15. What type of reaction do you think attaches the fatty acids onto glycerol? Glycerol + 3 Fatty Acids Triglyceride + 3 Water

  16. Triglyceride models • Follow the instructions on the handout to make models showing 2d- Triglyceride shape

  17. Phospholipids make up all cell membranes and play a large role in determining what gets in and out of the cell. Hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions give phospholipids their unique properties. PhosphoLipids Hydrophilic – “water loving” Hydrophobic – “water hating"

  18. Structure of phospholipids Hydrophobic • 2 fatty acids+1 phosphate group • one end is soluble in water (phosphate group) Hydrophilic

  19. Structure of phospholipids • Identify the following: • Glycerol • Saturated fatty acid • Unsaturated fatty acid • Phosphate group

  20. Practice with Vocab: Frayer Models • In your notebook, Create a frayer model for the following topics: Lipids, triglycerides, and phospholipids (Write topic here)

  21. Practice • Begin Lipids Practice Problems • Complete as homework. Due Thursday.

  22. Exit ticket: How does the structure of a lipid relate to its function? Write 2-3 sentences.

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