Day 46 Opening Question

1. Day 46 Opening Question • Use 2 slots • Slot 1 Title = Science Advancements • What new advancements in science should humans try to achieve today and/or in our lifetimes? • Slot 2 Title = Science Fears • What new advancement in science do you fear? Why? • What do you think society fears in science? Why?

2. Day 47 Opening Question • Title = Aliens • If an alien spaceship landed in the United States tomorrow, how would you/the world handle this moment? What could happen?

3. Day 46+47 Objectives • Analyze the PERSIAGM impact of the scientists of the Scientific Revolution • EQ5 – How did the Scientific Revolution impact Europe intellectually, socially, and religiously?

4. Scientific Revolution • Starts in  the mid 1500 to early 1700s • Inspired by… • Ren • Why? • Other time periods!! • Why? • What invention will help it?

5. Europe was NOT Stupid before 1500 • Advancements in Math (and offshoots of it) happened • Renaissance changes everything • explodes information of Greeks • Scientists of 1500 have more to question or test • artists observed nature more • Math stressed more • Math used to make war inventions • Math = answer to all scientific questions

6. What is a Revolution? • … • Whenever a Revolution takes place, there are usually adversaries…who are they in this story? • What is at stake in this struggle? • Whenever new “revolutionary” ideas are introduced to society, what process seems to take place? • If “revolutionary” ideas eventually win, what must all of society do with these ideas?

7. Who has the most to lose From the Scientific Rev?

8. What’s the Biggest Threat to Religion? • Astronomy • Nicholas Copernicus (1473-1543) • Martin Luther (1483-1546) • The Tag Team that never was

9. Copernicus's Discovery?

10. Copernicus's Theory • Heliocentric Model of the Universe • Sun is the possible center of the Universe…NOT EARTH • On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres • How did he discover this?

11. Copernicus waits to publish his book until he’s on his death bed...Why?

12. Copernicus Contradicts Old Beliefs • Geocentric Model • Ptolemy (Ancient Greek who came up with it) and Aristotle • Earth is the Center of the Universe • Who supports this model? • Bible (God and heaven after Saturn) • Ptolemy + Aristotle supporters • Most of society felt it made sense

13. So what if Copernicus is right? What is the harm?

15. Who criticized Copernicus 1st? • Make sense? • RC Church Quiet for now

16. What happens after a scientist makes a big “discovery?”

17. Who follows Copernicus? • Tycho Brahe (1546-1601) • His discovery? • Johannes Kepler (1571-1630) • His discovery? • What is their impact? Did they agree with Copernicus?

18. The biggest trouble maker • Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) • Italian • Invents and uses… • What does he conclude?

19. How Galileo gets in trouble • Writes “The Starry Messenger” • Publishes his discoveries • Jupiter’s moons, sunspots • Confirmed helio-centrism as FACT • Upsets… • Catholic Church • “This Italian is hurting the credibility of his own church” • RC Church tells him to teach helio-centrism, not as fact… • But as theory, • Not in big trouble…yet

20. Galileo's 2nd Book gets him in trouble • Dialogue of the Two Chief World Systems: Ptolemaic and Copernican • Three men having a dialogue • Sagredo • Simplicio • Salviati • What do they discuss? • Salviati persuades Sagredo to believe the Copernican theory • Simplicio is the stupid Ptolemy supporter

21. 1633 - Galileo on Trial

22. 68, old and sick • Guilty of… • Heresy and disobedience • What does Galileo have to do to get off the hook? (and he does it!!) • Denounce his beliefs (déjà vu) • Says “And yet it does move” on his way out the trial room (?)

23. Rest of Galileo’s Life… • House arrest for last 8 years of his life • His writings spread and gain support • Europe adjusts • Dies in 1642

24. The Rest of the Scientists • Copernicus • Brahe • Kepler • Galileo • Paracelsus • Andreas Vesalius • William Harvey • Robert Boyle • Francis Bacon • Rene Descartes • Isaac Newton • BlaisePascal

25. Medical Authority before the SciRev • Greek Physician Galen • His anatomy pictures were the standard • But made from animals (no Leo) • Many flawed theories • 2 blood systems • 4 humors (blood, yellow bile, phlegm, black bile) • Urine analysis the “best” test • 3 men will challenge Galen

26. Which of the following can be toxic for you?

27. Paracelsus • Father of Toxicology • Studied effects of chemicals on the human body • even toxic substances can be beneficial in the right dosage… • Controversial but accomplished • Sickness does not come from 4 humor imbalance, but… • Outside agents

28. Andreas Vesalius

29. Vesalius Cont • 1514-1563 • Wrote “On the Fabric of the Human Body” • His impact?  • His book is mass produced because of advancements with… • Printing Press • Vesalius was wrong about one thing though

30. William Harvey • 1578-1657 • Wrote “On the Motion of the Heart and Blood” • All blood begins at… • Heart • not liver • Red and Blue blood are the same • It makes one circulation through body

31. Circulatory System Model

33. At this time people were interested in what was “truth” and how it can be determined • Descartes and Bacon’s ideas say that truth is all that we can prove. • Belief and faith not part of it… • Who is 

34. Your Science Class…

35. Francis Bacon • 1561-1625 • Began Scientific Method • Views on Religion? • Inductive Reasoning? • Experimentation and observation will find truth • Don’t begin an experiment with… • General assumption you want to test…

36. Rene Descartes • French (1596-1650) • Deductive Reasoning? • Human Reason solves what? • AKA Rationalism • Descartes & Scientific Method?

37. Founded Cartesian dualism • 2 things exist in the universe (made by God) • Mind…can’t doubt it exists • Matter…which is dead/inert • Mind and Matter are separate • Use REASON in your mind to find truth in the material world and the laws that operate it • If Mind and Matter are separate, what else is?  • Descartes and Religion?

39. Scientific Method? • Who combines inductive and deductive?

40. Sir Isaac Newton • 1643-1727 (English) • Why is he famous? (a few books written) • Laws of Universal Gravitation explains… • Completes Copernican Theory • 3 laws of motion • Explains how & why everything moves • Combined Bacon & Descartes to finish the Scientific Method

41. Newton's other contributions • Light & Optics • Theory of Color based on bending white light with prism • Made first… • Reflecting Telescope • Developed calculus theories • More

42. Robert Boyle • Founder of modern Chemistry • Ascends the field of alchemy to legitimate science • Made theory of… • Elements, Compounds and Mixtures • Begins to fade out Alchemy

43. 9. Science vs Religion • Who is winning the struggle? • Scientists (Copernican theory supporters) • What are the effects on Religion and Society? • Secularization? • Did scientists want to hurt Religion? Yes or no? • Newton felt Science would validate God’s existence

44. Ghost Hunters!!

45. Unifying Science & Religion • Benedict de Spinoza • Who inspired him? • Descartes • Contribution to making peace? • Pantheism(monism) • What is the big deal?

46. Blaise Pascal • What are his scientific talents? • How does he try to make peace with Science and Religion?

47. Pascal: Reason & Faith can (and should) exist together • Does reason & faith mix, or are they separate? • “The heart goes beyond reason, and that is what feels God” • What else did he do?  • You should bet that God exists • If He does • then we all win • If He does not • we lose nothing • Will Pascal be Successful?

48. 2+4+5. Is the Scientific Rev a “Revolution” for women? • Yes or No…why? • Like the Sci Rev, women were also inspired by… • What “old” POV stood in their way? • What happened in the Sci Rev to uphold this POV? (sheesh) • Psychologically? • Biologically? • They even lost traditional jobs…

49. Maria SibyllaMerian

50. Maria Winkelmann Margaret Cavendish • Both were accomplished in their fields… • German • English  • Obstacles they faced? • Other similarities? (some are big)