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The Bologna Process and professional regulation in the UK

The Bologna Process and professional regulation in the UK. Damian Day, Head of Accreditation, Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain. Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain. Regulator and professional body for pharmacists (c.48,000) and pharmacy technicians (c. 12,000)

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The Bologna Process and professional regulation in the UK

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  1. The Bologna Process and professional regulation in the UK Damian Day, Head of Accreditation, Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain

  2. Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain • Regulator and professional body for pharmacists (c.48,000) and pharmacy technicians (c. 12,000) • Two registers: pharmacists and pharmacy technicians • Accredited qualifications and training leading to registration • Accredit qualifications leading to annotations • Registration for pharmacists allows free movement in EEA states • Registrants from c. 150 countries inc. all EEA member states

  3. Becoming [and remaining] a pharmacist • [EQF 5: Pharmacy technician] • EQF 7: MPharm • EQF 7: Preregistration training [vocational] • EQF 7: Continuing professional development & revalidation [vocational] • EQF 7/8: Specialist & advanced practice [advanced vocational] • EQF 8: Consultant pharmacist [advanced vocational and academic – doctoral]

  4. 1. The legal and legislative context

  5. European legislation • Directive 85/432/EC & 2005/36/EC ‘concerning the co-ordination of provisions laid down by law, regulation or administrative action in respect of certain activities in the field of pharmacy’ • Minimum theoretical and practical training • Minimum training requirements [MTR]

  6. ‘Minimum theoretical and practical training’ • Plant and animal biology • Physics • General and inorganic chemistry • Analytical chemistry • Pharmaceutical chemistry, including analysis of medicinal products • General and applied biochemistry (medical) • Anatomy and physiology, medical terminology • Microbiology • Pharmacology and pharmacotherapy • Pharmaceutical technology • Toxicology • Pharmacognosy • Legislation and, where appropriate, professional ethics [!]

  7. Minimum training requirements • 5 years, comprising 4 years of full-time university study plus at least 6 months in patient-centred care • This is law: we must comply • Can have part time study from 20 October 2007 [implementation date of 2005/36/EC]

  8. UK legislation • New Pharmacy Contract [2005] • Dispensing • Prescribing [restricted diagnosis] • Patient counselling • Medicines use review • Higher education has to take account of this

  9. 2. Descriptors, Learning Outcomes

  10. The MPharm • Conforms to UK requirements • Bologna: integrated Masters – • 3 years B [first cycle] + • 1year M [second cycle] • [180 ECTS for B + 60 ECTS for M, so compliant] • All MPharms have Certificate/Diploma/ Bachelor exits [which are not accredited] • All UK degrees and modules have learning outcomes and credit volume

  11. Learning outcomes vs competencies • False dichotomy • EQF could assist with this • Build bridges between academia and the workplace • Academic learning outcomes & professional standards – competencies • No conflict with EQF

  12. Other regulated degrees • Majority comply with Bologna [Nursing, Social Work, Architecture etc…] • A few do not, for various reasons: Medicine and the MEng • Some are changing [probably]: the 5-year Dentistry BDS → MDS

  13. 3. Benchmarking

  14. Benchmarking source material • UK: Quality Assurance Agency’s Framework for Higher Education Qualifications [FHEQ] • Europe: QF-EHEA (articulates with FHEQ] • Europe: EQF – studying now • ECTS: used • ECVET: an interesting innovation

  15. Useful groups • UK Inter-professional Group [most regulated professions represented] • Inter-regulatory education group [for medical and healthcare regulators] • Both well aware of Bologna issues

  16. 4. The value of Bologna to regulators

  17. General • Consistency and transparency • Acknowledgement of vocational education – often advanced – in the EQF • Opportunity to link initial education with continuing professional development • Opportunity to link ‘academic’ learning outcomes and ‘professional’ standards [an artificial distinction], via competencies • Build ‘skills escalators’ into professions: ECTS ECVET

  18. Pharmacy • EQF: Regulated vocational education for pharmacy technicians: the 2-year Foundation Degree [QF-EHEA ‘short cycle’] • EQF: Benchmarking of register annotations for advanced and specialist practice • ECVET: Continuing professional development and revalidation • All: Pharmacy technician → Pharmacist

  19. Summary • Law is law • The QF-EHEA and EQF are useful thinking tools • Promote consistency and mobility • One framework please

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