Introduction to Social Media and Web 2.0

1. Introduction to Social Media and Web 2.0 Brian Mennecke

2. How Do Organizations Function? • Organizations function as IPO (Input-Process-Output) Systems • Inputs: People, Data , Physical Resources, etc. • Processes: Decide, Build, Aggregate, Disaggregate, etc. • Outputs: Decisions, Information, Products, etc.

3. Organizations as Systems • An organizational system consists of an interrelated set of processes that work together for a purpose • Systems have… • A Purpose • Interrelated components • Boundaries between parts and the external environment • Interfaces between components • Inputs to the bounded system • Outputs from the bounded system • Constraints on process and actions 2.3

4. The Value Chain • Porter’s Value Chain is a view of the organizational system and its components

6. External Individuals Workgroups Organizations Organizations Managerial tasks: Structuring the organization Formulating strategy Managing and controlling Forming interorganizations relations Reporting Designing products and services Managing and designing business processes Changing technology: Transaction processing Decision support Expert systems Group decision support system Executive information systems Personal support systems Groupware Interorganizational systems Communications Networking Database Thin Clients A Technology Supported Value Chain

7. Three Shifts in the Application of IT • From Personal to Work-Group Computing • From Systems Islands to Integrated Systems • Management and control of physical assets and facilities • Financial management and control systems • Technologies to manage and support human resources • From Internal to Inter-organizational Computing

8. The Change Enabling Technology The Promise Business Process Redesign High-Performance Team Workgroup Computing

9. The Change Enabling Technology The Promise Organizational Transformation Integrated Systems Integrated Organization Business Process Redesign High-Performance Team Workgroup Computing

10. The Change Enabling Technology The Promise Interenterprise Computing Recasting External Relationships Extended Enterprise Organizational Transformation Integrated Systems Integrated Organization Business Process Redesign High-Performance Team Workgroup Computing

11. Summary of Work-Group Computing Shifts Organizational Hierarchy Business Team Organization Personal Computing Work-Group Computing Emphasis on the individual Emphasis on the group Designing Technology Redesigning the entire system Taylorism The new work reengineering Technical Users Direct support of all personnel Leadership for evolving work Installing Technology

12. Islands of Technology • Technology is implemented to manage three resources: • Physical Assets • Human Resources • Financial Assets • What if they are not speaking to one another???

13. Problems With Enterprises that aren’t speaking… • Redundancy of Functionality • Miscommunications due to lack of integration • Poor quality customer service • Operational inefficiencies due to miscommunications and redundant processing • Internal Focus

14. Problems With Enterprises that aren’t speaking… • Systems are perpetuated in order to treat operational symptoms without recognizing fundamental problems • Organizational conflict and ‘turf’ battles erupt due to the historical creation of data processing developing financial solutions, engineering developing physical assets, and administrative groups to manage human resources

15. What happens when an enterprise shifts to integration Technology Applications Organizational Restructuring System Islands Integrated Systems Separate Systems Integrated Environments Single-form Systems Integrated data, voice, & image Cost Reduction Enterprise Effectiveness

16. What happens when an enterprise shifts to integration Value Chain Value Network Simple Market Combat Competition via Cooperation Manual Communications Electronic Communication Enterprise Technology Interorganizational Computing Purchaser of Information Information Purchaser/Vendor

17. The Collaboration and Communication Imperative • Organizations have always needed to communicate effectively to survive • Ram’s horns and bugles • Roman roads • The Pony Express • Telegraph • Phones • Faxes • Email • EDI

18. The Collaboration and Communication Imperative • Organizations that don’t communicate and collaborate effectively are doomed to failure (e.g., K-mart & Sears v. Wal-mart and Target)

19. The Collaboration and Communication Imperative • Collective intelligence • From Wikipedia: “…a shared or group intelligence that emerges from the collaboration and competition of many individuals.”

20. Enterprise 2.0 and corporate collaboration, coordination, and communication • Enterprise 2.0: social media and web 2.0 software used in "enterprise" (i.e., business) applications. • Social media and networked intranets used to organize and facilitate communication • Bottom up form of knowledge dissemination and capture (as contrasted with traditional enterprise software, which defines structure prior to use)

21. Why Enterprise 2.0? • According to Coleman & Levine, there are 10 Trends in Collaboration driving adoption • Convergence of media • Presence Everywhere • Integration of synchronous and asynchronous • Collaborative consolidation in IT • Collaboration pushed into the infrastructure • Market Consolidation • Collaboration pushed into critical processes • Changing distribution channels for collaboration • Changing buyers of collaboration services • Mobile collaboration

22. But, why Enterprise 2.0? • Many of these trends are symptoms, not drivers. What are the drivers? • Robust collaborative technologies: Technologies today work, and they work well! • Ubiquitous connectivity: Convergence of devices and applications has led to the ability to connect anytime, anywhere across multiple platforms (we ain’t cloistered anymore) • Globalization: Organizations and teams are spread around the country or the world; venders have provided solutions to allow teams to work together across space and time • Societal and Generational Change: A generation of employees is entering the workforce who have grown up on cable, the Internet, and ready access to information. It’s part of the culture!

23. But, why Enterprise 2.0? • One final driver … • The competitive imperative: everyone else is doing it, shouldn’t we? • The answer to this question is not always “yes” but in this case it most likely should be answered in the affirmative

24. What is Web 2.0? • Web 2.0: A term that focuses on the use of various web technologies and applications that can be used to information sharing and collaboration. • Web 2.0 encompasses social media, social networks, wikis, blogs and other software tools that connect people into loosely or tightly coupled networks • Social Media: a class of technologies that have in common a participatory mode of information collection, validation, and publication • Social Networks: a class of technologies that focus on tying groups of people together into loosely aligned groups based on common interests or affiliations • Wikis: A web-based software applications designed to allow end-users to create, edit, and link web pages • Blog: derived from the term “web log” is essentially an online diary of commentary, activity logs, and other content developed by a blog author

26. Internet Forums Blogs Wikis Podcasts Photo Sharing Video/Vlogs IM Wall Postings VoIP RSS Mashups Social Bookmarks Social networks Collaboration Tools Social Media

27. Internet Forums • Web messaging boards that enable multiple users to share comments, insights, links, etc. • Content is displayed in chronological order or in threaded lists • Comments or questions branch form the root of a set of responses and further comments

29. Weblogs (Blogs) • A digest of commentary, ideas, and information generated by an individual. • Online diaries • News and information • Technical support and knowledge bases • Politics and commentaries • Project management and team blogs • Vlogs – video blogs

31. Wikis • Wikis are web pages that can be edited by users • Wikis include • Textual and graphical content • Links to other sites • The term Wiki is a derivative of WikiWikiWeb (i.e., the first wiki software) • Wikiwiki is Hawaiian for quick

33. Podcasts • A podcast is a digital audio file containing content similar to radio broadcasts • Podcasts can be distributed as … • Direct downloads • Streaming broadcasts • RSS feeds

34. Photo Sharing • Sites that allow people to publish or share photos with either the public at large or with a private group • Flickr • Snapfish • Woophy

36. Video Sharing • Youtube.com is the archetype. Users upload and share video content • GodTube • GoFish • Ifilm • Liveleak • Metacafe • OneWorldTV

37. Instant Messaging • IM is a text-based form communication between two or more people that can be conducted synchronously or asynchronously. • IM is one of the oldest yet most popular Internet communication tools

38. Wall Postings • On Facebook the Wall is a space on a user’s profile page where friends (i.e., other users who have been given access to the user’s private profile) can post messages for the user. • The wall is a way to quickly update a friend with comments, news, information, etc.

40. VoIP • Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is an Internet-based protocol designed for the transmission of voice. • VoIP is often free, particularly if the calls are between two or more VoIP participants. • VoIP services often also support video and collaboration tools like whiteboards • Skype is one of the best known VoIP providers

42. RSS • RSS (Really Simple Syndication) is an XML-based tool for providing Web feeds designed to publish frequently updated content such as blog entries, news headlines or podcasts.

44. Mashups • A web site created by combining content derived, often through RSS feeds, from other web or online content. • Mapping • Photo and Video • News • Shopping and Consumer applications

45. MashupsMaps

46. MashupsPhotos

47. MashupsNews

48. MashupsProducts

49. MashupsProducts

50. Social Bookmarks • Designed to let users upload, store, manage, search, and distribute web page bookmarks