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Microbial Genetics

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Microbial Genetics

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    1. Microbial Genetics Mutation Genetic Recombination Model organism E. coli Molecular Cloning Bioinformatics

    2. Plasmid Types Resistance Plasmids R Plasmids Virulence Plasmids Bacteriocins Engineered Plasmids

    3. Mutants Mutation Wild Type Genotype Phenotype

    4. Isolation of Mutants Replica Plating Auxotrophs Nutritional Mutants Prototroph Wild Type

    5. Penicillin Selection Method Kills Growing Cells

    6. Mutations Spontaneous Mutations Point Mutations Base-Pair Substitution Silent, Missense, or Nonsense Mutations

    7. Conditional Lethal Mutations Temperature Sensitive Mutations

    10. Other Mutations Deletions Lose of a Piece of DNA Insertions Additions of a Piece of DNA Translocation Movement of a Piece of DNA to a New Location in the Genome

    11. Inversion Orientation of a Piece of DNA is Reversed in the Genome - Phase Variation

    12. Mutation Rate Spontaneous (Natural or Background) Mutation Rate DNA ~ 1 per Million (varies between genes and location) RNA ~ 1 per Thousand Mutagens Anything that Increases the Mutation Rate

    13. Mutagens Chemicals Base Analogs Chemically Resemble Base

    15. 5/27/2012 15

    16. Biological Mutagens Transposons Can Insert Into Gene Transposon Mutagenesis Site Directed Mutations Man-made

    17. Ames Test Mutagens ? Carcinogens Ames Test Measures Back Mutation Rates to Detect Carcinogens Liver extract

    18. Bacterial Gene Transfer Genetic Recombination 3 Types of Bacterial Gene Exchange: 1. Transformation Naked DNA Competent

    20. 2. Transduction Generalized Transduction

    21. Specialized Transduction

    22. Lysogeny Can Lead to Phage Conversion

    23. 3. Conjugation Plasmids Copy Number Incompatibility Curing Conjugative Plasmid

    24. Chromosomal Mobilization Fertility (F) Plasmid Episome HFr Strain Sex Pili

    25. Gene Maps Interrupted Matings

    26. E. coli Chromosome 4,639,221 Base Pairs 4,288 Open Reading Frames 88% ORF 1% rRNA, tRNA 10% Promoter, Origin, etc 6% Operons

    27. Lateral Gene Transfer Horizontal Gene transfer Pathogenicity Islands ICE Integrative and Conjugative Elements

    28. Transposition Transposase Conservative Transposition Replicative Transposition Phase Variation Inversion

    29. Genomics Mycoplasma genitalium Genome 470 Open Reading Frame Genomic Mining

    31. Genetic Word List

    32. Genetic Word List 2

    33. Genetic Word List 3

    34. Genetic Word List 4

    35. Genetic Word List 5

    36. Genetic Word List 6

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