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PENGINDRAAN DALAM AIR

Mufti P. Patria Departemen Biologi Universitas Indonesia. PENGINDRAAN DALAM AIR. VISION (PHOTORECEPTOR) ‏ AUDIARECEPTOR (PHONORECEPTOR) ‏ CHEMORECEPTOR ELECTRORECEPTOR. PENGINDRAAN DALAM AIR. Dapat berupa: Dermal receptor Mata Mata majemuk oceli. VISION - PHOTORECEPTOR.

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PENGINDRAAN DALAM AIR

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  1. Mufti P. Patria Departemen Biologi Universitas Indonesia PENGINDRAAN DALAM AIR

  2. VISION (PHOTORECEPTOR)‏ AUDIARECEPTOR (PHONORECEPTOR)‏ CHEMORECEPTOR ELECTRORECEPTOR PENGINDRAAN DALAM AIR

  3. Dapat berupa: Dermal receptor Mata Mata majemuk oceli VISION - PHOTORECEPTOR

  4. Mata majemuk pada Crustacea: Mata majemuk (terdiri dari omatidia) Mata bertangkai (lebih luas sudut pandang)‏ Spektrum : 300-700 nm

  5. omatidia

  6. Ommatidia Apposition • Ommatidia Superposition

  7. Membedakan terang-gelap ocelli

  8. Tachypleus

  9. Mata Ikan: • - berlensa, akomodasi • - Tapetum lucidum  memantul

  10. Respon hewan • - Orientasi: lokomosi, prey-predator • - Shadow reflect dan penghindaran • - environmental selections  larva • Manfaat: • habitat selection, • prey-predator relationship, • communication

  11. Audio - phonoreceptor Signal: vibrasi dan suara Receptor: membran, hair sensila, neuromast, kumis

  12. Hair Sensila dan Neuromast

  13. Neuromast

  14. Dolphine • Dapat mendengar suara dengan frekuensi: 75 Hz - 150 kHz (manusia 20 Hz - 20 kHz). • Frekuensi click 40-80 kHz. • Satu Click: 50-80 µsec, jarak antar click: 15-20 msec. • Click train: 50-100 click

  15. Keseimbangan (respon terhadap Gravitasi)‏ • Statocyst: terdiri dari statolith (otolith) dan hair sensila

  16. Otolith pada ikan

  17. Kemoreseptor • Olfaktori: cekungan pada hidung ikan • Asthethaks • Ujung-ujung anggota gerak crustacea • Gustatory: kumis,mulut

  18. Semiochemical: sistem komunikasi kimia pada fauna. • Berdasarkan fungsinya semiochemical: • - Pheromon (sesama spesies: sex, alarm)‏ • - Allelochemicals: • + Kairomon: menarik mangsa • + Allomone: anti predator • +Synomon: Bisa ke 2 nya

  19. Electroreceptor • Dapat mendeteksi arus listrik • Sumber listrik di air: gerakan air, gerakan organisme • Fungsi: orientasi, navigasi, prey detection • Electric field di air DC low freq: 0-30 Hz • Ikan hiu: Ampula of Lorenzini dapat mendeteksi arus 0,005 uV per cm2

  20. Electroreceptor pada hiu

  21. Elektric organ: modifikasi dari sel otot (electrocytes) • Electric fish dapat menghasilkan 600 V • Electric fish (Electrophorus electricus)‏

  22. selesai

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