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DUMBO: Networking in an Emergency

DUMBO: Networking in an Emergency. Kanchana Kanchanasut Internet Education and Research Lab & School of Engineering and Technology Asian Institute of Technology THAILAND. Emergency Communications. What we use when many things are not working well! (Fred Baker, Cisco)

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DUMBO: Networking in an Emergency

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  1. DUMBO: Networking in an Emergency Kanchana Kanchanasut Internet Education and Research Lab & School of Engineering and Technology Asian Institute of Technology THAILAND AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

  2. Emergency Communications What we use when many things are not working well! (Fred Baker, Cisco) 100% Zero infrastructure => something that works AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

  3. Issues to be addressed • Temporary services • Service outages and subject to attacks • Limited resources • Equipment • Power supplies • Manpower • Need for preferential traffic/services for authorized users AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

  4. More.. • Work under stress! • Poor working conditions • Life saver • Rapid dissemination of announcements • Support bi-party and/or group communications • Services • Expert consultations • I AM ALIVE (eg. WIDE Project) • Missing persons AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

  5. Outline • Lessons from 2004 Tsunami • Design principles • DUMBO Project • 2006 DUMBO I • 2008 DUMBO II • 2010 DUMBO III AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

  6. Digital Ubiquitous Mobile Broadband OLSR(DUMBO) • Lessons from the Tsunami 2004 ==> Design Principles: To turn ordinary laptops and PDAs to live-saving network and platform for effective recovery management AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

  7. Choices of Wireless Technologies Short Range (WPAN) • Bluetooth • 100 meters (Class 1) • 10 meters (Class 2) • 1 meter (Class 3) • 2.1 - 3 Mbps (v2.0) • 2.4 GHz • ZigBee • 250Kbps @ 2.4 GHz • 40 Kbps @ 915MHz • 20 Kbps @ 868MHz • 10 – 100 meters • Remote control • Low data rate ! Medium Range (WLAN) • WiFi 802.11 b/g/n • 2.4GHz • 11 ~ 200+ Mbps • 30~200 meters • IEEE P802.11 C2C • 5.9 GHz DSRC • US-flavored • a.k.a. WAVE • ETA : 2009 ? • CALM • WAVE+Global 5GHz • GPRS/UMTS conn. • EU flavored Long Range • EDGE • 0.9 – 1.89Mbps • Licensed Freq. • CDMA2000 EV-DO • Rev.0 153K – 2Mbps • Rev.A 1.8 – 3 Mbps • Licensed Freq. • WiMaX • 10-70 Mbps • Licensed Freq. EXPENSIVE INFRASTRUCTURE! http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_wireless_data_standards http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/802/11/Reports/tgp_update.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZigBee_specification http://www.zigbee.org/ AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

  8. OLSR • Optimized Link State Routing Protocol • IETF RFC 3626 • Proactive Link State MANET Routing Protocol • Based on the Multipoint Relays (MPR) technique • Implementations (Open source): • INRIA (http://hipercom.inria.fr/olsr/ ) • Unik ( http://www.olsr.org ) • NRL (http://cs.itd.nrl.navy.mil/work/olsr/index.php ) AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

  9. Services • Short messages • VOIP • Push-to-Talk • E-mail/File transfer • Real-time streaming • Group conferencing • Internet AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

  10. DUMBO I Stand-alone MANET

  11. 2006 DUMBO I: V-2-V MANET AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

  12. 2006: DUMBO I • Self-configuring/healing Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) through WiFi and Satellite Networks • For ground relief workers to collaborate in jungle environment • Vehicles in used were elephants • Multimedia Applications (EasyDC) • Rich conversations • P2P • Sensor integration (LiveE! Project) • Face recognition application AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

  13. PDA PDA Internet Satellite Scenario Field Satellite Access IP Star Uplink MANET OLSR IP Star Gateway Field Satellite Access Terrestrial Internet MANET OLSR Simulated Disaster Area 2 sensor Simulated Head Command Center (AIT) Simulated Disaster Area 1 AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

  14. Satellite B Field Satellite Access C Gateway Uplink OLSR Field Satellite Access Terrestrial Internet OLSR Disaster Site 2 (PDA and Laptops) A Command HQ Disaster Site 1 (PDA and Laptops) AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

  15. AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

  16. Multimedia Communications for Disaster Emergency Responses • Interactive Video, Voice, and Instant Messaging • very important to situational awareness • Peer-to-Peer Paradigm ( no centralized server ** ) AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

  17. Application Face Recognition : to search and identify people AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

  18. Vehicles Elephants can assist search and rescue workers We contribute multimedia communications and collaborative applications AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

  19. Public DemonstrationDecember 1, 2006 Simulated head command center in AIT AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

  20. DUMBO II MANET + Infrastructure

  21. DUMBO ll: A V-2-I Emergency Network 2008 ITST Conference, Phuket AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

  22. Objectives 1 Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communications with mixed vehicle types 2 Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) Internet-like Gateway 3 A newly revised Emergency Response Multimedia Communication Applications (P2PSIP) AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

  23. 1. V2V Scenario -- mixed types of vehicles AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

  24. Equipment List • Power Station2 (Wifi Access Point) • Microclient Jr. (Mobile Router) • Ultraclient (OLSR Router) • Laptop PC (MNN) • EeePC (MNN) • Desktop PC (HA, Tunnel Server, CN) AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

  25. DUMBO II Experiments • OLSR + Internet • MANEMO (MANET + NEMO) with mobile routers communicating with • TD/NINA Protocol • OLSR Protocol AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

  26. OLSR in DUMBO II • We deployed post disaster communication network • OLSR network connected to the infrastructure • Using a OLSR gateway with 2 interfaces, ad hoc wireless mode connecting to OLSR network and LAN connecting to HQ. • EasyDC was the P2P application on MANET supporting VoIP, VDO, and Instant messaging, using our P2P SIP overlay network • Rescuers could make any kinds of communication to other rescuers or HQ • It was distributed, thus there was no need to setup any centralized SIP server • P2P SIP provide session and terminal mobility AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

  27. OLSR DUMBO II topology OLSR network Tuk tuk boats OLSR gateway 12 nodes • 6 EEE PCs • 5 Ultraclients • 1 OLSR GW AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

  28. 2. V2I Scenario -- with access points + group movements Sea Vehicles Fixed Terrestrial Infrastructure Land Vehicles AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

  29. Network Mobility (NEMO) • When a whole IP subnet moves, how does it retain connectivity with different infrastructures ? • Addressing, Home network, Visited network, Mobile router, Access Router • http://www.mobilenetworks.org/nemo/ • NEMO Platform for Linux (NEPL) • http://www.nautilus6.org/doc/nepl-howto/ AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

  30. Mobile Router Mobile Network Nodes NEMO Home Network Internet Visited Network Access Router B Access Router A AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

  31. MANEMO • Each of MANET and NEMO alone may not answer to our Post-Disaster Communication Network requirements !! • MANEMO = MANET + NEMO • It is an emerging research area: • http://www3.ietf.org/proceedings/07mar/slides/manet-11.pdf • http://www.mobileip.jp/MANEMO/MANEMO.html AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

  32. MANEMO • MANEMO = Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) for Network Mobility (NEMO) • NEMO provides session connectivity • NEMO Mobile Router (MR) acts as a MANET node and exchange information with other MRs (TD/NINA vs OLSR) • MANET provides optimal exchange of information between local networks • Nested NEMO extends the network coverage AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

  33. MANEMO(cont.d) • We can deploy Head-quarter freely in the Internet • Each Vehicle for rescue work usually equipped with MR • Rescue terminal requirement is only IP (same as NEMO) • By using MANEMO, the problem of NEMO such as multiple encapsulation in nested case, redundant path inside nested MRs, and the isolated network without Home Agent can be solved AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

  34. MANEMO Internet Access Router B Access Router A AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

  35. MANEMO Internet Access Router B Access Router A AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

  36. Physical topology The blue line represents the communication path between boat and HQ AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

  37. Dealing with session and terminal mobility Cross-layered approach (utilizing useful information from the routing layer) with OLSR Information delivery: streaming, store-and- forward, RSS feeds Intelligent information processing 3. Emergency Applications AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

  38. Deployment Issues • Locating optimal positions to setup wifi devices • Re-configuration • MANEMO is more complex as compared to OLSR • Sea Sickness • Battery Lifetime AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

  39. Work in Progress • Auto re-configuration • Parameter settings • Active Networks • Mapping and location information • Google Map • GeoDraw AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

  40. Technical Partners • HIPERCOM INRIA (France) • http://hipercom.inria.fr/ • WIDE (Japan) • http://www.wide.ad.jp/about/research.html • And perhaps a few more. AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

  41. DUMBO II Team @ Phuket AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

  42. Acknowledgement • DUMBO II work is supported by Intelligent Transport System Program of the National Electronics and Computer Technology Center (NECTEC), Thailand • Special thanks to the students of Prince of Songkla University, Phuket for their help during demonstration at Phuket AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

  43. DUMBO II Participants • Kanchana Kanchanasut, (AIT) • Thirapon Wongsaardsakul, (AIT) • Hajime Tazaki, (WIDE Project, Japan) • Anis Laouti, (Hipercom/INRIA andTelecom SudParis, France) • Manutsiri Chansutthirangkool, (AIT) • Khandakar Rashedul Arefin, (AIT) ++ AIT students AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

  44. DUMBO-MM Cyclone Nargis on May 2, 2008 Ayeyarwaddy, Myanmar www.interlab.ait.ac.th/myanmar/cyclone/

  45. AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

  46. AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan 2 May 2008 – Nargis cyclone hit Myanmar. • Devastated Five Divisions and States including Yangon. • Delta areas, the worst-hit, with the heaviest casualties and infrastructural damages. • Communication infrastructure was down in cyclone hit areas. • Electricity Black-out. • Very limited transportation.

  47. AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan DUMBO-Myanmar • Useful in handling of relief, recovery and resettlement activities aftermath of Nargis Cyclone. Coordination Program • Phase I: Introductory Phase of DUMBO • Part I: Training for Myanmar Engineers at AIT • Part II: DUMBO Deployment • Phase II: Utilization of DUMBO systems by government agencies and iNGOs

  48. Trainings for Myanmar Engineers at intERLab/AIT21 – 25 May 2008 AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

  49. Introducing DUMBO in Myanmar 26 May 2008: Myanmar Egress HQ, Yangon • Presentation/report to Myanmar Egress/NAG partners, Myanmar Computer Professional Association (MCPA) • Technical overview • Network requirements • Benefit/features of system • Project plan (DRAFT) 27 May- 2 June 2008: Myanmar Engineer’s site visits to Pyapon and Bogale Townships AsiaFI-APAN Joint Workshop Taiwan

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