Canada s Position in a BSE World Past, Present and Future

1. 1 Canada�s Position in a BSE WorldPast, Present and Future

2. 2 OVERVIEW BSE: The Story So Far The International Peer Review The Recommendations Policy Adjustments Good News What has Been Achieved to Date Changing the International Response Certification Assurances What Needs to be Achieved and the Impact of the Second Case Canadian Perspective Future Success Determinants

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4. 4 BSE: The Story So Far Occurrence had its origins 21 years ago Consequences have been minimized by collective of successive risk based decisions Impacts at many levels producer processor and agri-business animal and public health community consumer international

5. 5 BSE: The Story So Far

6. 6 Investigation considered Imported animal Indigenous case Exposure to contaminated feed Maternal transmission Spontaneous mutation of prion Other transmissible spongiform encephalopathy Agro-terrorism event BSE: The Story So Far

7. 7 Our considered evidence based determination: May 2003 case traced to farm in Saskatchewan confirmed via DNA with corroboration by animal ID born March 22, 1997 December 2003 case in Washington State imported from Canada born April 9, 1997 Exposed to contaminated feed early in life source of contamination asymptomatic U.K. animal(s) imported between 1982-1989 which entered feed chain prior to removal of all U.K. origin animals in 1994 BSE: The Story So Far

8. 8 BSE: The Story So Far

9. 9 Findings consistent with Harvard Risk Assessment, European Union Geographic Based Risk Assessment and Canada�s self assessment which all determined presence could not be excluded but any prevalence would be expected to be very low. BSE: The Story So Far

10. 10 The International Peer ReviewBy Experts From The US, New Zealand And Switzerland Measures previously in place achieved the desired outcome. Surveillance detected the case and the carcass did not enter the human food chain. The risk management measures put in place have reduced the risk of spread and amplification of BSE.

11. 11 Thorough and comprehensive Exceeded the investigations done in most other BSE affected countries. The Investigation

12. 12 The sharing of information and communication is a model for the international community. The Investigation

13. 13 Ensure Specified Risk Materials (SRM) are not included in human food (including AMR Systems) and animal feed. Implement increased targeted surveillance including testing of adult fallen stock and dead stock, downer cattle and cattle showing signs of BSE. The Recommendations

14. 14 Opportunities for possible contamination of ruminant feed by ruminant derived MBM should be eliminated (including measures to avoid feeding of ruminants on farm with contaminated rations). The cattle identification system should be maintained and extended. The Recommendations

15. 15 Enhancement of import and export policies, risk communication and education should all be considered The Recommendations

16. 16 Policy Adjustments SRMs are the critical means to provide public health protection Surveillance is the critical means to prove country status and the effectiveness of measures in place over time Feed restrictions are the critical means to prevent amplification and eliminate BSE from the animal population

17. 17 Policy Changes SRM REMOVAL

18. 18 Good News Competence and capacity profiled OIE FAO International Expert Team Risk communication with public praised Public and consumer confidence sustained Appropriateness of measures in place profiled Opportunity to profile synergy between animal and public health objectives

19. 19 International market recovery progressing in manner never before achieved O.I.E. raising the bar profile of existing Code provisions reminder of WTO SPS obligations consideration of new science in standards Emerging leadership by non-affected countries Good News

20. 20 Domestic confidence in beef and beef products Beef disappearance is up Keeping the domestic market going International trade resumption Some success, beef and other products from UTM animals etc. What Has Been Achieved To Date

21. 21 What Has Been Achieved To Date

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24. 24 Changing International Response Public tolerates risk if communication is timely, consistent and transparent Decision making must be both evidence and values based Emphasis on consumer confidence and domestic market provides basis for recovery International standards provide strong foundation for safe trade

25. 25 Need to sensitize Governments to impacts of current unwarranted restrictions deterrent to investments in disease surveillance, detection, reporting and control increases uncontrolled threat potential Communication challenge is daunting and requires team effort Changing International Response

26. 26 Changing International Response

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28. 28 BSE infection is concentrated in certain materials � specified risk materials or SRM�s (e.g., brain, spinal cord) Based on oral ingestion infectivity studies, these tissues demonstrate infectivity in animals over 30 months of age with the exception of the distal ileum at 6 months Removal of SRM�s at slaughter virtually eliminates the potential for food-borne risk Muscle meat (e.g., meat cuts) from all ages of cattle has negligible risk when proper slaughter and dressing procedures are applied Based on established international scientific standards the following products should not be restricted: milk and milk products bovine semen in vivo derived bovine embryos collected per IETS procedures protein free tallow and its derivatives hides and skins gelatin derived from hides and skins Certification Assurances Using Science Based International Standards

29. 29 Certification Assurances Using Science Based International Standards Live animals permanent identification enabling traceback to herd of origin and dam not the progeny of a BSE suspect animal do not originate or have not resided on any premise identified in the investigation born after the feed ban came into force in 1997 have not been feed ruminant meat and bone meal

30. 30 For fresh meat (bone-in or deboned) and meat products ante-mortem inspection on all animals from which meat for export derived not subjected to pithing or stunning process which injects compressed air into cranial space does not contain SRM�s all of which have been removed in a hygienic manner Certification Assurances Using Science Based International Standards

31. 31 For tallow and tallow derivatives (other than protein free) originates from animals subject to ante-mortem inspection with favourable results has not been prepared using specified risk materials derivatives produced by hydrolysis, saponification or transesterification using high temperature and pressure Certification Assurances Using Science Based International Standards

32. 32 For gelatin and collagen prepared from bones skulls and vertebrae have been excluded bones have been subjected to pressure washing, acid demineralisation, prolonged alkaline treatment, filtration and sterilisation at greater than 138 celsius for a minimum of 4 seconds or an equivalent process Certification Assurances Using Science Based International Standards

33. 33 What Needs to be Achieved and The Impact of Our Second Case Short-term survival e.g. cull cow policy etc. Maintenance of domestic confidence Resumption of trade in more products as quickly as possible Maintenance of our minimal BSE risk status

34. 34 What Needs to be Achieved and The Impact of Our Second Case

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36. 36 A Canadian Perspective No two countries experience with BSE is exactly the same due to differences in: route of exposure magnitude of exposure scope of measures implemented duration of measures implemented level of enforcement and compliance with measures

37. 37 Canada�s experience with BSE is truly unique Public and consumer confidence maintained unprecedented provides foundation for recovery Resulting policy environment different focus on progressive, considered, science based, integrated measures A Canadian Perspective

38. 38 Cannot effectively manage global risks in isolation Requires synergy at the domestic, hemispheric and international level Domestic commitment at all levels of the animal based food continuum provides highest assurance of success A Canadian Perspective

39. 39 Future Success Determinants Traceability Surveillance, early detection and reporting Compliance and accountability Awareness and education Seamless animal and veterinary public health community Infrastructure investments On-farm food safety and biosecurity focus

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