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Chapter 4: Exploring Materials

Chapter 4: Exploring Materials. Section 1: Polymers and Composites. Forming Polyme rs Carbon is unique because: 1) It can form _____ bonds at once. 2) It can ________ with other carbons. Carbon can form bonds: Straight ___________ _____________ chains Rings Monomers form __________.

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Chapter 4: Exploring Materials

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  1. Chapter 4: Exploring Materials

  2. Section 1: Polymers and Composites Forming Polymers • Carbon is unique because: • 1) It can form _____ bonds at once. • 2) It can ________ with other carbons. • Carbon can form bonds: • Straight ___________ • _____________ chains • Rings • Monomers form __________

  3. Polymers and Composites • Natural polymers: • Synthetic polymers: • Natural composites: • Synthetic composites:

  4. Too Many Polymers? • Synthetic Polymers (plastics) • PROSCONS • Inexpensive • Strong • Last a long time (durable) • Increase the volume of trash • Do not degrade (last a long time)

  5. Section 2: Metals and Alloys Comparing Metals and Alloys Making and Using Metals and Alloys • Melting and mixing metals together in carefully measured amounts (smelting) • STEEL • Other alloys

  6. Section 3: Ceramics and Glass Ceramics • Clay object must be heated to 1,000°C • “Glaze”  forms a glassy, waterproof coating • Usefulness: • Resist moisture • Do not conduct electricity • Can withstand very high temperatures without melting Glass • “Glassblowing”  ancient technique for producing glass objects • Usefulness: • Clear • Can be made in many shapes and colors • Cannot be penetrated by liquids

  7. Section 4: Radioactive Elements Radioactivity • Nuclear reactions involve the particles in the ____________ of an atom. • Two important scientists 1) 2) Types of Radioactive Decay • Natural radioactive decay can produce 3 things: 1) __________ particles 2) _________ particles 3) __________ radiation

  8. Using Radioactive Isotopes • Radioactive Dating  half-lives • Science and Industry  tracers • Medicine • Nuclear Power  energy!

  9. Chapter 4 Review Test Format • M.C. and T/F • Short Answers • Models of Polymers and Monomers (pg. 119) • Radioactive Decay Series for Uranium-238 (pg. 141 & 143) • Essay • Describe some useful properties of synthetic polymers, and explain why they are often used in place of natural polymers. Briefly explain some of the “pros” and “cons” of using synthetic polymers in place of natural polymers.

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