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15.1 Citizenship and Immigration. What is a Citizen?. Member of a state that can participate in it. Can participate in its governance. Citizens are protected by the state. Citizen Responsibilities. Citizens have to... Understand/Obey the law. Pay taxes! Respect others' rights.
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What is a Citizen? • Member of a state that can participate in it. • Can participate in its governance. • Citizens are protected by the state.
Citizen Responsibilities • Citizens have to... • Understand/Obey the law. • Pay taxes! • Respect others' rights. • Participate in public service (jury duty, voting)
Ways to Become a Citizen • Birth rite Citizenship • Have a parent who is a U.S. Citizen! • Jus sanguinis (Law of the blood) • Parent must have lived in U.S. At least 5 years. • Be born in the United States • Jus soli (Law of the soil) • Parents have to be under U.S. Authority. • Who does this exempt?
Ways to become a Citizen • The third way... Naturalization! • Legal process for Immigrants to gain citizenship.
Naturalization Process • Restriction on who can apply. Immigrants must; • Enter the U.S. Legally. • Be financially independent. • Be literate. • No mental illnesses or drug addictions. • No criminal record!
Naturalization Process • Naturalization available to permanent residents. • To apply, residents must file two things. • Citizenship application • Declaration on Intent • 5 year residency requirement.
Becoming a Citizen - Applicants must prove that they; - Lived in the U.S. For 5 years. - Are 18. - Can read/write/speak English. - Good, moral character; -Supports order in the U.S.
Becoming a Citizen - After all that... Citizenship! - U.S. Can also grant citizenship to groups of people at will.
Losing Citizenship - Denaturalization - Loss of citizenship - Only happens when someone has fraudulently gotten citizenship. - Expatriation - Renouncement of citizenship