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INTRODUCTION CREATIONISM CONCERNS

INTRODUCTION CREATIONISM CONCERNS. ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009. INTRODUCTION CREATIONISM CONCERNS. ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009. INTRODUCTION CREATIONISM CONCERNS. ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009. INTRODUCTION CREATIONISM CONCERNS.

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INTRODUCTION CREATIONISM CONCERNS

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  1. INTRODUCTION CREATIONISM CONCERNS ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  2. INTRODUCTION CREATIONISM CONCERNS ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  3. INTRODUCTION CREATIONISM CONCERNS ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  4. INTRODUCTION CREATIONISM CONCERNS ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  5. INTRODUCTION CREATIONISM CONCERNS ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  6. INTRODUCTION CREATIONISM CONCERNS ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  7. TEACHING EVOLUTION Evolutionary patterns and processes: a survey • EVOLUTIONISM vs CREATIONISM: • EVOLUTIONISM! 2. EVOLUTIONARY PROCESSES NATURAL & SEXUAL SELECTION, NEUTRALISM, COEVOLUTION 3. THE ORIGIN OF SPECIES SPECIATION MODES AND PROCESSES ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  8. EVOLUTION vs CREATION: EVOLUTION! DEFINING EVOLUTION MODIFICATION BY DESCENT ECOLOGICAL PARAMETER MACROEVOLUTION NATURAL SELECTION « STRUGGLE FOR LIFE » MICROEVOLUTION UNSPECIFIED INTERVAL OF TIME A, I DIVERSIFY B,C,D,G,G,K,L EXTINCT E, F LIVING FOSSILS ECOLOGICAL PARAMETER ECOLOGICAL SPACE ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  9. EVOLUTION vs CREATION: EVOLUTION! EXPERIMENTING EVOLUTION ESCHERICHIA COLI, A BIOLOGICAL MODEL • HUMAN DIGESTIVE TRACT • GRAM- BACTERIA, HAPLOID • EASY TO GROW IN SIMPLE MEDIA • SHORT GENERATION TIME • VIABLE AFTER STORAGE AT ULTRA-LOW TEMPERATURE • PREVENT FROM CROSS-CONTAMINATION WITH A GENE MARKER ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  10. EVOLUTION vs CREATION: EVOLUTION! EXPERIMENTING EVOLUTION EXPERIMENTAL FRAMEWORK Arabinose+(Glucose-) Arabinose-(Glucose+) ara- ara+ ara- ara+ ara- ara+ ara- ara+ ara- ara+ ara- ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  11. EVOLUTION vs CREATION: EVOLUTION! EXPERIMENTING EVOLUTION EXPERIMENTAL FRAMEWORK ara- ara- ara- 9.9ml ara- ara- ara- 1% 0.1ml+9.9ml ara+ ara+ ara+ ara+ ara+ ara+ • STARTING DATE 02.15.1988 • LIMITING MEDIUM (MINIMUM SALTS AND GLUCOSE) • 6.64 DIVISIONS/GENERATIONS PER DAY • 1994: 10,000 GENERATIONS • 2009: >>30,000 GENERATIONS ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  12. EVOLUTION vs CREATION: EVOLUTION! EXPERIMENTING EVOLUTION EXPERIMENTAL FRAMEWORK 2.105 cells/ml ara+ (ara-) ara- (ara+) 24h Log2(3.107/2.105)~5.01 Log2(1.107/2.105)~3.91 Ratio~1.28 ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  13. EVOLUTION vs CREATION: EVOLUTION! EXPERIMENTING EVOLUTION AVERAGE FITNESS: MODIFICATION BY DESCENT • [0-2,000] – [2,000-10,000] • ADAPTATIVE CHANGE ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  14. EVOLUTION vs CREATION: EVOLUTION! EXPERIMENTING EVOLUTION CELLULAR SHAPE: MODIFICATION BY DESCENT • [0-2,000] – [2,000-10,000] • CELL SIZE INCREASE ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  15. EVOLUTION vs CREATION: EVOLUTION! EXPERIMENTING EVOLUTION ADAPTATION, NOT PROGRESS! • GROWTH ON 64 DIFFERENT MEDIA • ANCESTRAL PERFORMANCE ~ 1.0 ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  16. EVOLUTION vs CREATION: EVOLUTION! EXPERIMENTING EVOLUTION ADAPTATION, NOT PROGRESS! SIMMON CITRATE AGAR • IN 1 POPULATION ONLY, ABILITY TO USE CITRATE (cit+) • NOT CONTAMINANT: • ara- • T5s • T6r • pykF • nadR IDENTICAL TO THE ANCESTRAL POPULATIONS cit- cit+ ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  17. EVOLUTION vs CREATION: EVOLUTION! EXPERIMENTING EVOLUTION EVOLUTIONARY CONTINGENCY • HISTORICAL CONTINGENCY = DEPENDENT ON A PREVIOUS EVOLUTION OF A CERTAIN GENETIC BACKGROUND ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  18. EVOLUTION vs CREATION: EVOLUTION! EXPERIMENTING EVOLUTION DNA MOLECULES • DOUBLE HELIX • 4 BASES • TWO REVERSE COMPLEMENTARY STRANDS ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  19. EVOLUTION vs CREATION: EVOLUTION! EXPERIMENTING EVOLUTION FROM DNA TO PROTEINS ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  20. GENE EVOLUTION vs CREATION: EVOLUTION! EXPERIMENTING EVOLUTION FROM DNA TO PROTEINS ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  21. EVOLUTION vs CREATION: EVOLUTION! EXPERIMENTING EVOLUTION FROM DNA TO PROTEINS SYNONYMOUS MUTATIONS ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  22. EVOLUTION vs CREATION: EVOLUTION! EXPERIMENTING EVOLUTION FROM DNA TO PROTEINS ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  23. EVOLUTION vs CREATION: EVOLUTION! EXPERIMENTING EVOLUTION FROM DNA TO PROTEINS ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  24. EVOLUTION vs CREATION: EVOLUTION! EXPERIMENTING EVOLUTION DNA SEQUENCE MODIFICATION BY DESCENT • SEQUENCING OF 36 RANDOM GENES + 4 CANDIDATE GENES AT GEN. 20,000 • MUTATIONS • MUTATORS / NON-MUTATORS • EVOLUTION IN PARALLEL AT THE LEVELS OF GENES A,B,C,D ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  25. EVOLUTION vs CREATION: EVOLUTION! EXPERIMENTING EVOLUTION DNA REPLICATION AND MUTATION ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  26. EVOLUTION vs CREATION: EVOLUTION! EXPERIMENTING EVOLUTION DNA REPLICATION AND MUTATION ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  27. EVOLUTION vs CREATION: EVOLUTION! EXPERIMENTING EVOLUTION MOLECULAR CONTINGENCY • BENEFICIAL MUTATIONS • EVOLUTION IN PARALLEL AT THE LEVELS OF GENES A,B,(C,D) ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  28. EVOLUTION vs CREATION: EVOLUTION! EXPERIMENTING EVOLUTION ADAPTATION IN A TEST TUBE HOMOGENOUS ENVIRONMENT • Pseudomonas fluorescens ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  29. EVOLUTION vs CREATION: EVOLUTION! EXPERIMENTING EVOLUTION ADAPTATION IN A TEST TUBE HETEROGENOUS ENVIRONMENT • Pseudomonas fluorescens • 7 DAYS IN 6ml OF KING’S MEDIUM B ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  30. FS WS EVOLUTION vs CREATION: EVOLUTION! EXPERIMENTING EVOLUTION ADAPTATION IN A TEST TUBE HETEROGENOUS HOMOGENOUS SM ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  31. EVOLUTION vs CREATION: EVOLUTION! EXPERIMENTING EVOLUTION ADAPTATION IN A TEST TUBE • SM CLONE • CULTURE FOR 3 & 7 DAYS WITHOUT SHAKING • COMPETITION EXPERIMENTS ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  32. EVOLUTION vs CREATION: EVOLUTION! EXPERIMENTING EVOLUTION ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  33. EVOLUTION vs CREATION: EVOLUTION! FOLLOWING EVOLUTION IN THE FIELD DARWIN’S FINCHES http://planet-terre.ens-lyon.fr/planetterre/XML/db/planetterre/metadata/LOM-selection-VIH-pinsons-Darwin.xml ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  34. EVOLUTION vs CREATION: EVOLUTION! FOLLOWING EVOLUTION IN THE FIELD DARWIN’S FINCHES WARM Geospiza fortis

  35. HERITABILITY ~ h² (0-1) EVOLUTION vs CREATION: EVOLUTION! FOLLOWING EVOLUTION IN THE FIELD DARWIN’S FINCHES http://planet-terre.ens-lyon.fr/planetterre/XML/db/planetterre/metadata/LOM-selection-VIH-pinsons-Darwin.xml ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  36. EVOLUTION vs CREATION: EVOLUTION! FOLLOWING EVOLUTION IN THE FIELD GENERATION T (1976-1977) GENERATION T+1 (1978) SURVIVAL REPRODUCTION GENERATION T (1976-1977) GENERATION T+1 (1978) SURVIVAL REPRODUCTION ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  37. G. magnirostris Daphne Major island COMPETITEUR EVOLUTION vs CREATION: EVOLUTION! FOLLOWING EVOLUTION IN THE FIELD DARWIN’S FINCHES G. Fortis Daphne Major island Tribulus cistoides SECHERESSE PAS DE COUVEE G. Fortis Daphne Major island ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  38. EVOLUTIONISM vs CREATIONISM HIERARCHICAL CLASSIFICATION EG. CARNIVORES, MAMMALIA ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  39. EVOLUTIONISM vs CREATIONISM DEVELOPMENTAL SIMILARITIES DEVELOPMENT RECAP ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  40. EVOLUTIONISM vs CREATIONISM DEVELOPMENTAL SIMILARITIES DEVELOPMENT RECAP ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  41. GENE EVOLUTIONISM vs CREATIONISM MOLECULAR SIMILARITIES ~UNIVERSAL GENETIC CODE ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  42. EVOLUTIONISM vs CREATIONISM MOLECULAR SIMILARITIES ~UNIVERSAL GENETIC CODE VERTEBRATE MITOCHONDRIAL Code 2 Standard AGA Ter * Arg R AGG Ter * Arg R AUA Met M Ile I UGA Trp W Ter * INVERTEBRATE MITOCHONDRIAL Code 5 Standard AGA Ser S Arg R AGG Ser S Arg R AUA Met M Ile I UGA Trp W Ter * http://130.14.29.110/Taxonomy/Utils/wprintgc.cgi?mode=c ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  43. EVOLUTIONISM vs CREATIONISM MOLECULAR SIMILARITIES GENOMIC REARRANGMENTS (CONTRASTING CARYOTYPES) ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  44. EVOLUTIONISM vs CREATIONISM MOLECULAR SIMILARITIES GENOMIC REARRANGMENTS (SYNTENY MAPS) ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  45. Antp EVOLUTIONISM vs CREATIONISM MOLECULAR SIMILARITIES SEQUENCE SIMILARITIES (AT THE GENE AND GENE FAMILY LEVELS) KO 8 Hox GENES WILD ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  46. EVOLUTIONISM vs CREATIONISM MOLECULAR (& DEVELOPMENT) SIMILARITIES SEQUENCE SIMILARITIES (AT THE GENE AND GENE FAMILY LEVELS) ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  47. EVOLUTIONISM vs CREATIONISM MOLECULAR SIMILARITIES SEQUENCE SIMILARITIES (AT THE GENE AND GENE FAMILY LEVELS) ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  48. EVOLUTIONISM vs CREATIONISM MOLECULAR SIMILARITIES SEQUENCE SIMILARITIES (AT THE GENE AND GENE FAMILY LEVELS) ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  49. 1.23% ~ 35 Mb EVOLUTIONISM vs CREATIONISM MOLECULAR SIMILARITIES SEQUENCE SIMILARITIES (AT THE GENOMIC LEVEL) ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

  50. Les partisans de l'Intelligent Design soulignent la perfection de la mécanique des cellules, "les lignes d'assemblage, les centrales thermiques, les unités de recyclage, et les monorails miniatures qui véhiculent les éléments de part et d'autre de la cellule". Bien trop sophistiqué, selon eux, pour être le fruit du hasard ou de l'évolution. (..) "Combien d'évolutionnistes accepteraient l'idée que des changements aléatoires dans un programme informatique produisent une version améliorée ?, interroge l'un d'eux. Pourtant, c'est exactement ce qu'ils essaient de nous faire croire quand l'ADN subit une mutation au cours du processus d'évolution." 26.04.05 Inquiétante offensive des créationistes EVOLUTIONISM vs CREATIONISM UNINTELLIGENT DESIGN INTELLIGENT DESIGN: PRINCIPLES http://www.lasikmd.com/ctahiti/utils/eye-animations/eye-animations.fr.html?mode=print ludovic.orlando@ens-lyon.fr March 2009

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