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Essential Hand Hygiene Practices: Preventing Infections in Healthcare Settings

Discover the importance of hand hygiene in reducing infections in healthcare settings. Learn about guidelines, techniques, and specific indications for effective handwashing. Explore the historical significance of hand hygiene, from Semmelweis to modern practices. Prioritize prevention to safeguard patients and healthcare personnel.

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Essential Hand Hygiene Practices: Preventing Infections in Healthcare Settings

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  1. Hand Hygiene • Hands: most common mode of transmission of pathogens • Infections acquired in health care settings • Spread of antimicrobial resistance

  2. Evidence of Relationship Hand Hygiene and Health Care Associated Infections • Substantial evidence that hand hygiene reduces the incidence of infections • Historical study: Semmelweis • More recent studies: rates lower when antiseptic handwashing was performed Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Health-care Settings. MMWR 2002; vol. 51, no. RR-16.

  3. Hand Hygiene Indications • Clean hands when: • visibly dirty, contaminated, or soiled • wash with non-antimicrobial or antimicrobial soap and water. • If not visibly soiled • use an alcohol-based handrub for routinely decontaminating hands. Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Health-care Settings. MMWR 2002; vol. 51, no. RR-16.

  4. Specific Indications Hand Hygiene • Before • Patient contact • Donning gloves when inserting a CVC • Inserting urinary catheters, peripheral vascular catheters, or other invasive devices that don’t require surgery Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Health-care Settings. MMWR 2002; vol. 51, no. RR-16.

  5. Specific Indications Hand Hygiene • After: • Contact with a patient’s skin • Contact with body fluids or excretions, non-intact skin, wound dressings • Removing gloves

  6. Recommended Hand Hygiene Technique • Handrubs • Apply to palm of one hand, rub hands together covering all surfaces until dry • Volume: based on manufacturer Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Health-care Settings. MMWR 2002; vol. 51, no. RR-16.

  7. Recommended Hand Hygiene Technique • Handwashing • Wet hands with water, apply soap, rub hands together for at least 15 seconds • Rinse and dry with disposable towel • Use towel to turn off faucet

  8. Nails • Natural nail tips should be kept short; no longer than the end of the finger tip • Artificial nails should not be worn Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Health-care Settings. MMWR 2002; vol. 51, no. RR-16.

  9. PREVENTION IS PRIMARY! Protect patients…protect health care personnel… promote quality health care!

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