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Archaebacteria and Eubacteria

Archaebacteria and Eubacteria. What are bacteria?. Bacteria are prokaryotes (no membrane bound nucleus) Smallest living known cells Found Everywhere. Bacteria in dental plaque microbeworld.org. Did you know… there are over 80 species of bacteria in our mouth!. Characteristics of Bacteria.

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Archaebacteria and Eubacteria

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  1. Archaebacteria and Eubacteria

  2. What are bacteria? • Bacteria are prokaryotes (no membrane bound nucleus) • Smallest living known cells • Found Everywhere Bacteria in dental plaque microbeworld.org • Did you know… there are over 80 species of bacteria in our mouth!

  3. Characteristics of Bacteria • Cell Wall • Cell (plasma) Membrane • Pili • Flagella • Cytoplasm • Ribosomes • DNA Refer to colored picture in NB for functions

  4. Archaebacteria • Emerged at least 3.5 billion years ago • Live in environments that resemble conditions existing when the earth was young • Don’t like oxygen, love acid and heat • Differ from Eubacteria • bases in ribosomal RNA different • composition of plasma membranes and cell walls are different • Three major known phyla (groups) • Methanogens • Halophiles • Thermophiles

  5. Methanogens • Anaerobic (do not need oxygen to survive) • Produce methanegas • Marshes, sewage treatment plants, intestinal tracts of humans and some animals (cows).

  6. Halophiles • Aerobic • High saline/salty environments • usually 10 times the saline/salt content of normal ocean • Salt lakes (Great Salt Lake, Dead Sea), pools, sea water

  7. Thermophiles Acid-Sulfur Spring Yellow Stone National park • Love heat • (can survive 230 degrees Fahrenheit) • Use sulfur and iron for respiration • Extremely acidic conditions pH below 2 • Hot Springs and Thermal Vents

  8. Eubacteria • “true bacteria” • Usually what we refer to as “bacteria” • Usually Neutral conditions • Ex: body, food, moist places

  9. Eubacteria- The Bad? • Can cause problems for human health • Streptococci bacteria cause strep throat • E.coli and Salmonella are sometimes found in undercooked meat and eggs and can make people sick Anthrax Bacillus anthracis Salmonella E. coli

  10. Eubacteria- The Good? • Other bacteria are beneficial to human health: • Fermentation: • Yogurt, grapes, milk, cheese • Breakdown waste (wastewater treatment plants + septic systems) • Lactobacillus acidophilus found to have health benefits. Naturally found in mouth, intestinal track, yogurt. Used in yogurt fermentation

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