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Gothic Art

Gothic Art. Stokstad – Chapter 16. Gothic. c. 1150 – 1500 (ends at different times in different parts of Europe) “gothic” – term coined during the Renaissance Period (period directly following the Gothic Period) as a criticism...Goths (barbaric tribe)

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Gothic Art

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  1. Gothic Art Stokstad – Chapter 16

  2. Gothic • c. 1150 – 1500 (ends at different times in different parts of Europe) • “gothic” – term coined during the Renaissance Period (period directly following the Gothic Period) as a criticism...Goths (barbaric tribe) • During the Gothic Period, the style was called the “New” or “Modern” Style…or the “French” Style (outside France)

  3. Style begins in France -Early Gothic Style -High Gothic Style • Spreads outside France -English -German -Spanish -Italian

  4. Abbey Church of St. Denis

  5. Abbey Church of St. Denis • First Gothic Church • Located at beginning of one of the pilgrimage routes (Paris) • Held relics of St. Denis -converted locales to Christianity -First Bishop of Paris • Patron was abbot of the monastery connected to the church – Abbot Suger

  6. Abbot Suger • Inherited an Early Christian Basilica with his position, instead of updating to a Romanesque church…he rebuilt it in Gothic style (first ever) • Why did he decide on Gothic style? To incorporate as much stained glass as possible!

  7. Romanesque vs. Gothic Cathedral of Saint James vs. Figure 16-3 Abbey Church of Saint-Denis

  8. Romanesque vs. Gothic • Simpler vs. more complex (function) • Clearly delineated space vs. fluidity of space • Solid walls (great amount of wall space) vs. large windows (reduction of wall) • Horizontal vs. vertical emphasis • Round vs. pointed arch • Barrel vaults vs. rib vaults

  9. Abbey Church of St. Denis (changes to apse end) Figure 16-2

  10. Abbey Church of St. DenisRib Vault

  11. After St. Denis, this type of architecture catches on in France …and then spreads internationally!

  12. Cathedral of Chartres • 1134 fire destroys west façade, so it was rebuilt in the Gothic style • Housed important relic…piece of cloth worn by Mary at the birth of Christ (relics of Mary rare because she, like Christ, was taken bodily up to heaven) • 1194 another fire destroys all but west façade…miraculously Mary relic survives (interpreted as Mary’s request for new church)

  13. Plan of Chartres Cathedral Figure 16-10

  14. Chartres – west façadeFigure 16-6

  15. Chartres – flying buttresses Page 499

  16. Chartres – royal portalFigure 16-7

  17. Chartres – jamb figures (royal portal, 1134) Figure 16-8

  18. Chartres - interior Figure 16-11 triforium

  19. Chartres – lancet window Figures 16-12

  20. Chartres – lancet window detail Furrier’s Shop

  21. Chartres – rose window (Fig 16-13)

  22. Sainte Chapelle • Small, private chapel constructed by Louis IX • Used to house his relic collection (Passion of Christ - crown of thorns, nails, lance) • Rayonnant Style (subtrend in High Gothic) • 4/5ths of height of walls are glass and 3 out of 4 walls are windows

  23. Sainte Chapelle – exteriorp. 508 (a)

  24. Sainte Chapelle - interior p. 509 (b)

  25. English Gothic • First country to receive Gothic architecture from France • Difference in focus (vertical vs. horizontal) from French Gothic architecture: -2 transepts -square apse -no ambulatory -no radiating chapels

  26. Plan of Salisbury Cathedral Figure 16-22 Screen facade

  27. Salisbury Cathedral - exterior Figure 16-21

  28. Salisbury Cathedral – interior Figure 16-23

  29. German Gothic • Stress on “realism” -opposite of idealism; emphasizes the imperfect, the irregular…what makes something distinct • Stress on “expressionism” see fig 17-19 -emotion from artist; trying to bring about an emotional response from the viewer

  30. Ekkehard and Uta from the choir of the Naumburg Cathedral Figure 16-30

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