The World Today

1. The World Today Chapter 2

2. Section 3: The Developing World LEQ’s • What are the major goals of developing nations? • What economic problems do developing nations face? • How does underdevelopment contribute to widespread poverty? • Vocabulary: cash crop, modernization, tariff, privatization, literacy, population density.

3. Vocabulary: define in notebook • cash crop • Modernization • Tariff • Privatization • Literacy • population density

4. Cash Crops • Imperialists nations encouraged Africa, Asia, and Latin American people to grow cash crops. • Cash Crop- agricultural goods sold on the world market to make a profit. • Examples: Cotton, rice, coffee and sugar • Effects of cash crops: • Made less developed countries dependent on Europe and the US • Third world nations remained tied economically to their former rulers • Economy based on one cash crop would fail if price of the crop fell.

5. Goals of Modernization • Political Stability- • Economic diversity- producing various kinds of crops and goods so a nation is no longer dependent on a single export • Education and Services- Increase literacy • Literacy- ability to read and write. • Improve medical care, housing, water and sewage systems.

6. Debt Crisis • To modernize countries needed to build transportation and communication systems. • Lack money so they borrow from western industrialized nations to do this. • 70’s oil prices soared and underdeveloped countries need to borrow money to pay for fuel. • 80’s interest rates rose and many could not pay back debt. • Prices fell for crops being sold by developing nations. • Developing nations use much of their income to pay back debts and cannot provide many basic services for their people.

7. Problems of Development • Population explosion- have a large amount of children to help • People are living longer • More children survive to adulthood • Urbanization-rapid movement to already crowded cities cause high population density. • Lack housing, schools, basic health care, and sanitation services to keep up with growth. • Cultural Change- people moving to cities have fewer ties to family and community and leads to more crime, drug abuse, and loss of traditional values. • Growing gap between developing and developed nations- drought and other natural disasters lead to crop failure and hunger for poor nations.

9. Answer the following in your notebook: • What are the major goals of developing nations? • What economic problems do developing nations face? • How does underdevelopment contribute to widespread poverty?

10. Section 4: Growing Interdependence • LEQ’s • How is the world becoming more interdependent? • Why is concern for the environment increasing? • What efforts are underway to protect human rights? • How is technology shaping the future?

11. Organizations • UN- United Nations: preserve world peace and to cooperate in solving global social and economic problems. 193 member nations today originally there were 54 • WHO- World Health Organization: Support programs to wipe out deadly diseases. UNAIDS • IMF- International Monetary Fund: encourages expansion of world trade

12. Global Concerns • Drug Trade • Poverty and underdevelopment contribute to illegal drug trade. • Farms grow illegal crops because the can make more money • Environment- pollution • As countries become industrialized they become polluters and they cannot afford expensive programs to end pollution. • Desire to earn income has led to destruction of land and natural resources- rainforest which provides 90% of world’s oxygen. • Human Rights: • basic rights are freedom of speech, religion, press, fair trial, earn a living and live in safety from attack. • Groups check human rights around the world and trade limits and sanctions can be placed on nations for not respecting them. • Technology and the future