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A Large Surface Photomultiplier based on SiPM

Dr. Carlos Mollo presents innovative research on SiPM-based photomultipliers, emphasizing light concentrators, FPGA development, and evaluation board testing. Learn about SiPM advantages, simulation results, and performance metrics.

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A Large Surface Photomultiplier based on SiPM

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  1. A Large Surface Photomultiplier based on SiPM Carlos Maximiliano Mollo, INFN Naples, Italy Dr. Carlos M. Mollo - A Large Surface Photomultiplier based on SiPM - VLVνT Workshop 2011 - Erlangen, Germany

  2. Vacuum Photo-Multiplier Tube vs. Silicon Photo-Multiplier SiPM VPMT linearity-to-gain ralationship robustness Low operating voltages spread in transit time difficulty in single photon counting Single photon counting capable Small sensitive surface! Dr. Carlos M. Mollo - A Large Surface Photomultiplier based on SiPM - VLVνT Workshop 2011 - Erlangen, Germany

  3. To increase sensitive surface Light concentrators Compound Parabolic Concentrators (CPC) Pyramidal concentrators Dr. Carlos M. Mollo - A Large Surface Photomultiplier based on SiPM - VLVνT Workshop 2011 - Erlangen, Germany

  4. Compound Parabolic Concentrators (CPC) Dr. Carlos M. Mollo - A Large Surface Photomultiplier based on SiPM - VLVνT Workshop 2011 - Erlangen, Germany

  5. Compound Parabolic Concentrators (CPC) Monte Carlo Simulations A detailed simulation of a CPC with 25°acceptance angle (CPC25°) has been performed. The simulated CPC25°is an optical B270 glass cone with 9.01 mm entrance diameter, 2.50 mm exit diameter and 19.25 mm length, which is commercially available by Edmund Optics. Dr. Carlos M. Mollo - A Large Surface Photomultiplier based on SiPM - VLVνT Workshop 2011 - Erlangen, Germany

  6. Pyramidal Concentrator Monte Carlo Simulations The pyramidal light concentrator simulated in this work is an optical glass N-BK7 device with 7.5 x 7.5 mm2 entrance surface, 2.5 x 2.5 mm2 exit surface and 50 mm length, commercially available by Edmund Optics. From simulation, a good (and almost uniform up to 20°) transmission efficiency is obtained for this geometry. Dr. Carlos M. Mollo - A Large Surface Photomultiplier based on SiPM - VLVνT Workshop 2011 - Erlangen, Germany

  7. CPC Surface sensitivity measurements Pyramidal Concentrator Steps by 0.100 mm Laser spot diameter: 0.9 mm Pyramidal concentrators Presents an uniform transmission Efficiency over their entrance Surface! Dr. Carlos M. Mollo - A Large Surface Photomultiplier based on SiPM - VLVνT Workshop 2011 - Erlangen, Germany

  8. MPPC + Light Concentrator measurements Dr. Carlos M. Mollo - A Large Surface Photomultiplier based on SiPM - VLVνT Workshop 2011 - Erlangen, Germany

  9. Light Concentrator choice For single photon counting applications pyramidal concentrators are better than CPCs Uniform efficiency over entrance surface Better fill factor using matrices of several MPPC + light concentrator Greater acceptance angles than CPC without compromise surface efficiency uniformity Dr. Carlos M. Mollo - A Large Surface Photomultiplier based on SiPM - VLVνT Workshop 2011 - Erlangen, Germany

  10. Sensitive surface of Single MPPC + Light concentrator is still too small ( 6 x 6 mm2) MPPCs + Light concentrators matrix Digital OR Circuit based on FPGA Carlos M. Mollo - A Large Surface Photomultiplier based on SiPM - VLVνT Workshop 2011 - Erlangen, Germany

  11. FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) For example a 2x2 Matrix Single MPPC data available Possible control on a MPPC malfunction Carlos M. Mollo - A Large Surface Photomultiplier based on SiPM - VLVνT Workshop 2011 - Erlangen, Germany

  12. FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) Digital circuit developed using Xilinx ISE 10.1 Simulated using ModelSim by Mentor Graphics Dr. Carlos M. Mollo - A Large Surface Photomultiplier based on SiPM - VLVνT Workshop 2011 - Erlangen, Germany

  13. FPGA simulations Dr. Carlos M. Mollo - A Large Surface Photomultiplier based on SiPM - VLVνT Workshop 2011 - Erlangen, Germany

  14. FPGA simulations Processing time: 5 clock cycles Clock @ 200 MHz Processing time: 25 ns Dr. Carlos M. Mollo - A Large Surface Photomultiplier based on SiPM - VLVνT Workshop 2011 - Erlangen, Germany

  15. Evaluation Board DATA 16 bit TTL DATA12 bit LVDS PC Analog inputs clock Ctrl. Add. 4 bit TTL USB connection ADC pipelined successive approximationarchitecture 250 MSps 12 bit LVDS Dr. Carlos M. Mollo - A Large Surface Photomultiplier based on SiPM - VLVνT Workshop 2011 - Erlangen, Germany

  16. Evaluation Board DATA 16 bit TTL DATA12 bit LVDS PC Analog inputs clock Ctrl. Add. 4 bit TTL USB connection ADC 12 bits: 4096 levels Reference voltage: 2.5 V Single photo-electron signal: 5 mV 8 quantization levels for each single photo-electron detected Maximum photo-electrons detectable: 500 Dr. Carlos M. Mollo - A Large Surface Photomultiplier based on SiPM - VLVνT Workshop 2011 - Erlangen, Germany

  17. Timing Analysis ADC Latency L 7.5 Clock Cycles Total Latency 13 Clock Cycles FPGA Latency 5 Clock Cycles 65 ns @ 200 MHz Dr. Carlos M. Mollo - A Large Surface Photomultiplier based on SiPM - VLVνT Workshop 2011 - Erlangen, Germany

  18. FPGA Place and route Dr. Carlos M. Mollo - A Large Surface Photomultiplier based on SiPM - VLVνT Workshop 2011 - Erlangen, Germany

  19. Evaluation Board test we have seen a drastic dark counts reduction Using a threshold corresponding to 3 photo-electrons Power consumption: 350 mA @ 5.5V Dr. Carlos M. Mollo - A Large Surface Photomultiplier based on SiPM - VLVνT Workshop 2011 - Erlangen, Germany

  20. Our goal To build a 9x9 elements matrix with a total surface of 22.5 x 22.5 mm2 Dr. Carlos M. Mollo - A Large Surface Photomultiplier based on SiPM - VLVνT Workshop 2011 - Erlangen, Germany

  21. Modular System We can make a matrix of matrices with the same paradigm used for MPPCs Dr. Carlos M. Mollo - A Large Surface Photomultiplier based on SiPM - VLVνT Workshop 2011 - Erlangen, Germany

  22. Thank you! Dr. Carlos M. Mollo - A Large Surface Photomultiplier based on SiPM - VLVνT Workshop 2011 - Erlangen, Germany

  23. References [1] A.A. Radu et al., Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A 446 (2000) 497-505. [2] F. Lucarelli et al., Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A 589 (2008) 415–424. [3] K. Bernlöhr et al., Astroparticle Physics 20 (2003) 111–128. [4] R. Winston, W.T. Welford, High Collection Nonimaging Optics, Academic Press, New York, 1989. [5] www.edmundoptics.com [6] J. Ninkovic et al., Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A 617 (2010) 407–410. [7] W.G.Oldham IEEE ‘TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES, VOL. ED-19, NO. 9, SEPTEMBER 1972. [8] G. Barbarino, R. de Asmundis, G. De Rosa, C. M. Mollo, S. Russo and D. Vivolo (2011). Silicon Photo Multipliers Detectors Operating in Geiger Regime: an Unlimited Device for Future Applications, Photodiodes - World Activities in 2011, Jeong-Woo Park (Ed.) ISBN: 978-953-307-530-3, InTech. [9] KENNET KAD5612P data sheet. [10] XILINX Spartan 3E data sheet. Dr. Carlos M. Mollo - A Large Surface Photomultiplier based on SiPM - VLVνT Workshop 2011 - Erlangen, Germany

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