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Cover Crop Introduction

Cover Crop Introduction. The use of cover crops (CC) is an important component in sustainable agriculture with a wide range of proven benefits in field crops and orchards. Benefits of Cover Crops. Prevention of soil and wind erosion

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Cover Crop Introduction

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  1. Cover Crop Introduction • The use of cover crops (CC) is an important component in sustainable agriculture with a wide range of proven benefits in field crops and orchards.

  2. Benefits of Cover Crops • Prevention of soil and wind erosion • Enhancement of soil properties (aeration, fertility and moisture retention) • Increasing of beneficial insects and predators for biological control of pests • Non-chemical suppression of weeds

  3. Cover Crops suppress weeds by: • Crop competition • Shading • Release of phytotoxic allelopathic substances

  4. Oat CC emerging in young citrus orchard

  5. Avocado planting into oat CC

  6. Weed management on (herbicides), and between (CC) tree rows

  7. Mowing of alfalfa CC in avocado

  8. Mowed and dry oat CC in young avocado orchard

  9. Rhodes grass CC in avocado orchard

  10. Introduction • In the previous meeting we presented the use of rain-fed dry land CC in orchards in Israel and reported our research in a mature apple orchard in the Upper Galilee of Israel.

  11. Apples 2009

  12. Seeding of CC experiment in an apple orchard

  13. CC experiment in an apple orchard

  14. CC experiment in apple orchard

  15. AIM The aim of our present research is to study the role of cover crop management on weed suppression in a newly planted pear orchard in the Upper Galilee of Israel.

  16. Pears 2009

  17. Materials & MethodsLog 2008 Nov. 19 - Building of ridges Nov. 20 - Disking of ridges Nov. 27 - CC seeding 2009 Jan. 05 - CC and weed estimation Feb. 15 - Pear tree planting Mar. 11 -CC and weed estimation May 03 - CC and weed estimation Hand spray weeds in Standard management treatments Apr. 19 - CC and weed estimation Mowing of all controls Jun. 17 - CC and weed estimation Jul. 29 - CC and weed estimation Aug. 27 - CC and weed estimation

  18. Materials & MethodsTreatments • Natural weed cover-Mowing • Standard management-Herbicide spraying and mowing • Oat CC • Oat CC + tree row mulch • Oat+Vetch CC • Oat+Vetch CC + tree row mulch • Triticale • Triticale+ tree row mulch 4 Replications 3 CC strips, 30 m long, 3.5 m wide

  19. Results

  20. Malva nicaeesis Sinapis arvensis Silybum marianum Ranunculus arvensis Senecio vernalis Lamium amplexicaule Avena sterilis Hordeum glaucum Weed Inventory Winter Weeds

  21. Polygonumequisetiforme Convelvelous arvensis Ecballium elaterium Chrozophora tinctoria Amaranthus retroflexus Amaranthus hybridus Amaranthus albus Lactuca serriola Chenopodium vulvaris Solanum nigrum Plantago lagopus Conyza arvensis Tribulus terrestris Portulaca oleracea Weed Inventory Summer Weeds

  22. 28 October 2008

  23. 27 November 2008

  24. 27 Nov. 2008 CC seeding

  25. 03 May 2009

  26. 03 May 2009

  27. 24 May 2009

  28. 17 June 2009

  29. 3 May 2009

  30. 17 June 2009

  31. 29 July 2009

  32. 27 August 2009

  33. March 2009 Oat+Vetch

  34. 19 April 2009 Natural cover and standard management

  35. 03 May 2009 Oat

  36. St. Jonathan (1.80 m) and the oat beard 3 May 2009

  37. April 19 2009 Triticale

  38. April 19 2009 Oat+vetch

  39. April 19 2009 Natural cover and standard management mowing

  40. May 24 2009 Oat+Vetch

  41. 17 June 2009 Oat+Vetch

  42. 17 June 2009 Triticale

  43. 17 June 2009 Oat

  44. 17 June 2009 Oat+Vetch

  45. 29 July 2009 Triticale

  46. 29 July 2009 Oat+Vetch

  47. 29 July 2009 Triticale

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