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GCSE P.E Lesson 3 Muscles

Learn about the roles of agonist, antagonist, and synergist muscles. Discover how muscles work in pairs and groups through examples like biceps and triceps, and understand terms like prime mover and relaxing muscle.

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GCSE P.E Lesson 3 Muscles

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  1. GCSE P.ELesson 3Muscles

  2. HOW MUSCLES WORK(PART 1)

  3. Learning Objectives . . . By the end of this lesson you will understand . . • . . . . How muscles work. • . . . . . What ANTAGONIST, AGONIST and SYNERGISTS muscles are.

  4. How muscles work • Muscles work in pairs or groups. • This is called antagonistic muscle action. ANTAGONISTIC MUSCLE ACTION = MUSCLES WORKING IN PAIRS/GROUPS.

  5. Example 1 – biceps and triceps. • The biceps and triceps work together to flex and extend the arm.

  6. Example – biceps and triceps. • FLEXION at the elbow = • Biceps CONTRACT (shortens) • Triceps RELAX (lengthens) • EXTENSION at the elbow = • Biceps RELAX (lengthens) • Triceps CONTRACT (shortens)

  7. Always remember . . . . . . CONTRACTING = muscle SHORTENING RELAXING = muscle LENGTHENING

  8. Example 2 – Quadriceps and Hamstrings • FLEXION at the knee = • Which muscle shortens/contracts? • Which muscle lengthens/relaxes? • EXTENSION at the knee = • Which muscle shortens/contracts? • Which muscle lengthens/relaxes?

  9. Antagonist and Agonist muscles • The working muscle is the prime mover = the AGONIST. • Remember the working muscle will be tired – AGONY! • The relaxing muscle = ANTAGONIST

  10. AGONIST = Prime mover (working muscle) ANTAGONIST = Relaxing muscle

  11. AGONIST = Prime mover (working muscle) ANTAGONIST = Relaxing muscle Biceps Triceps Triceps Biceps Quadriceps hamstrings Quadriceps Hamstrings

  12. SYNERGISTS • The prime mover (main working muscle) is helped by other muscles. • These are called SYNERGISTS. • They contract at the same time as the main working muscle. • They hold the body in position so that the prime mover can work smoothly. • SYNERGISTS = A muscle that assists another muscle to accomplish a movement.

  13. DO YOU KNOW THE NEW TERMINOLOGY? ANTAGONIST? PRIME MOVER? RELAXING = ? ANTAGONISTIC MUSCLE ACTION? SYNERGISTS? CONTRACTING = ? AGONIST?

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