Reactor Experiments and Future Neutrino Oscillation Measurements

1. Reactor Experiments and Future Neutrino Oscillation Measurements Slides for the Panel Discussion at the Intensity Frontier Workshop https://twindico.hep.anl.gov/indico/conferenceOtherViews.py?view=standard&confId=742 Karsten Heeger University of Wisconsin

2. Reactor Experiments • Have discovered and measured • Δm212 • limits on neutrino magnetic moment • Have seen indications of • θ13 (~1.7σ from Double Chooz) • Will make • unambiguous discovery of θ13 (with >5σ) if θ13 non-zero and large • clean, precision measurement of θ13 • Have been proposed to • make precision measurement of θ12 • determine mass hierarchy • measure coherent antineutrino scattering • search for sterile neutrinos

3. Recent Past

4. Reactor Antineutrino Oscillations Discovery and Measurement of Reactor Antineutrino Oscillations with KamLAND KamLAND, Phys.Rev. D83 (2011) 052002

5. Present

6. θ13 Measurements With Reactor Experiments Sensitivity of Reactor Experiments Mezzetto et al arXive/1003.5800v1 Huber et al JHEP11 (2009) 044

7. θ13 Measurements With Reactor Experiments Discovery Potential of Reactor Experiments Huber et al JHEP11 (2009) 044

8. θ13 Measurements With Reactor Experiments Summary of Nominal Sensitivities 90% (3σ) Huber et al JHEP11 (2009) 044 • discovery potential for sin22θ13 • accuracy on |Δm231| • sensitivity to deviations from maximal θ23 mixing

9. First Results from Double Chooz sin2(2θ13) = 0.085 ± 0.029(stat) ± 0.042(syst) at 68% CL http://www.doublechooz.org/

10. Reactor and Accelerator Experiments (2011) Combined Fit of T2K, MINOS, and Double Chooz Machado et al arXiv:1111/3330

11. Future

12. Reactor and Accelerator Experiments (2012) Expected Improvements in sin22θ13 from Double Chooz and RENO Machado et al arXiv:1111/3330 Daya Bay not included in this work

13. Reactor and Accelerator Experiments (2012) Projected Combined Fit of T2K, MINOS, Double Chooz, and RENO in 2012 Machado et al arXiv:1111/3330 Daya Bay not included in this work

14. Reactor and Accelerator Experiments (2012+) Discovery Potentials as a Function of sin22θ13 90% CL. Huber et al JHEP11 (2009) 044 θ13 Mass Hierarchy CPV

15. Reactor and Accelerator Experiments (2012+) CPV Reactor experiments help for early CPV indication “In the presence of the reactor experiments, however, the CP violation discovery potential improves significantly, especially for the normal hierarchy. If the hierarchy is normal, Daya Bay may in fact be the key prerequisite to obtain an early hint for CP violation.” but sensitivity is limited “sensitivities for MH and CPV are at the 90% CL...... Increasing the CL leads to drastic loss in sensitivity and almost nothing can be said about CPV and MH at the 3σ CL...” Huber et al JHEP11 (2009) 044

16. Reactor and Accelerator Experiments (2012+) normal hierarchy Huber et al JHEP11 (2009) 044

17. Reactor and Accelerator Experiments (2012+) reactor experiments improve constraints if θ13 large Huber et al JHEP11 (2009) 044

18. Reactor and Accelerator Experiments (2012+) Impact of Reactor Experiments and Upgraded Beams on CPV Searches T2K upgrade 0.75 → 1.66 MW from 2015→2016 with reactor exp Project X 0.7 → 2.633 MW from 2018→2019 reactor experiments improve CP coverage vs time for nominal run plan (blue) with reactor exp upgraded beams upgraded beams Huber et al JHEP11 (2009) 044

19. Reactor Experiments and LBNE Discovery Potentials as a Function of sin22θ13 Standard Oscillation Physics Huber and Kopp arXiv:1010.3706

20. Reactor Experiments and LBNE Discovery Potentials as a Function of sin22θ13 w/ non-Standard Oscillation Physics • non-standard neutrino interactions are very hard to distinguish experimentally from standard 3-flavor effects and can lead to a considerable loss of sensitivity in • sin22θ13 • mass hierarchy • CPV Huber and Kopp arXiv:1010.3706

21. Reactor Experiments and LBNE Impact of Reactor Experiments on Early CPV Measurements precision measurement of θ13 with reactors (Daya Bay) helps early measurement of δCP before LBNE ν running figure from Huber personal communication

22. Reactor Neutrino Oscillation at Intermediate Baselines P(νe→νe)≈1-sin2(2θ12)sin2(Δm221L/4E) Measuring θ12 at L~50-70km? Δm2atm Δm2sol Large-amplitude oscillation due to θ12 θ12 60 GW·kt·y exposure at 50-70 km ~4% systematic error from near detector measure sin2(θ12) with ~2% uncertainty Bandyopadhyay et al., Phys. Rev. D67 (2003) 113011. Luk, 2003, http://www.physics.hku.hk/~astro/neutrino/index.html Minakata et al., hep-ph/0407326 Bandyopadhyay et al., hep-ph/0410283

23. Reactor Neutrino Oscillation at Intermediate Baselines Measuring Δm2? As we know from KamLAND, measurement of spectral distortions provides measure of Δm2 KamLAND 2010 For large sin22θ13 reactor experiments can measureΔm2 with different systematics than T2K/Nova ~5% measurement possible for sin22θ13 ~ 0.1 Δm213 ≈Δm223 Δm2sol Jaffe, personal communication Luk, 2005

24. Reactor Neutrino Oscillation at Intermediate Baselines Measuring Mass Hierarchy at L ~ 60km? new reactor exp at L~60km requires extremely good E resolution place at optimized baseline Zhan et al, JHEP 1103 (2011) 058 Phys.Rev. D79 (2009) 073007

25. Search for Sterile ν with Reactor Experiments θ13 Experiments and Sterile Neutrinos (~1 eV2) Δm142=1.0x10-2 eV2 Double Chooz setup far detector near detector oscillations driven by the extra sterile neutrinos would produce a suppression at both the near and far detectors Bandyopadhyaya and Choubey arXive:0707.2481v1 challenging to probe θ13 and θ14-driven effects even with near and far detector

26. Search for Sterile ν with Reactor Experiments θ13 Experiments and Light Sterile Neutrinos (0.01-0.1 eV2) Daya Bay setup near detector Δm142=1.0x10-2 eV2 no oscillation far detector θ14-driven oscillations affect far and near detector data differently θ14-driven effects impact ones ability to measure sin22θ13, shape analysis can disentangle θ13 from θ14-driven effects. roles of near and far detectors may be reversed compared to those associated to studying θ13 effects de Gouvea and Wytock arXive:0809.5076

27. Search for Sterile ν with Reactor Experiments SCRAAM: The Southern California Reactor Antineutrino Anomaly Monitor at short baselines a reactor is not a point source core ∅: ~3m baseline: 24m Bowden, SNAC 2011

28. Search for Sterile ν with Reactor Experiments NUCIFER at Osiris core: σ~0.3m baseline: 7m Lhuillier, AAP2011

30. Reactor and Accelerator Experiments (2012+) inverted hierarchy Huber et al JHEP11 (2009) 044