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GRAM POSITIVE BACTERIA

GRAM POSITIVE BACTERIA. Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine Bacteriology March 2004 Amy Fayette. What is the major source of infection with Listeria monocytogenes?. Silage pH over 5.5. What is the morphology of rhodococcus equi?. Gram + Some rods, some cocci.

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GRAM POSITIVE BACTERIA

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  1. GRAM POSITIVE BACTERIA Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine Bacteriology March 2004 Amy Fayette

  2. What is the major source of infection with Listeria monocytogenes? • Silage • pH over 5.5

  3. What is the morphology of rhodococcus equi? • Gram + • Some rods, some cocci

  4. What is a synonym of C. pseudotuberculosis? • C. ovis

  5. What is the most common sign of C. pseudotuberculosis in horses? • Ulcerative lymphangitis • Abscesses and swellings in lnn. That burst and leave ulcers

  6. What are the host factors behind rhodococcus equi? • Age- 6 weeks • Breed lines

  7. What is the bacteria that causes listeriosis? • Listeria monocytogenes

  8. What is the most common sign of C. pseudotuberculosis in sheep? • Pus filled lymph nodes

  9. What are the forms of disease caused by Listeria monocytogenes? • Neural disease- meningoencephalitis • Septicemia • Abortion • Mastitis

  10. What is the morphology of typical corynebacterium spp.? • Small gram + rods • Club-shaped swellings at one or both ends • “chinese lettering”

  11. What is the morphology of Actinomyces? • Gram + • Slender rods

  12. What causes cystitis and pyelonephritis in cattle and “pizzle rot” in sheep and goats? • Corynebacterium renale group • C. renale • C. pilosum • C. cystidis

  13. What is the disease forms associated with Actinomyces suis? • Habitat is prepuce and urethra of boar • Disease only in sow, causing cystitis and pyelonephritis

  14. How is tetanus diagnosed? • Clinical signs • Discovery of appropriate wound

  15. What is the morphology of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae? • Gram + • slender rods

  16. What is the main cause of pizzle rot in sheep? • High protein diet

  17. What are the main forms of erysipelas in pigs? • Septicemia • Diamond skin lesions (urticaria) • Endocarditis • arthritis

  18. What is the disease associated with Actinomyces bovis in horses? • Infection of bursae in horses • “poll evil” or “fistulous withers”

  19. What is the bacteria associated with Swine erysipelas? • Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

  20. What is the morphology of Listeria monocytogenes? • Small gram + rods • May be coccoid

  21. How is Listeria typically enriched in the laboratory? • “cold enrichment”

  22. What is the morphology of Arcanobacterium pyogenes? • Small gram + rods • Resemble corynebacterium

  23. What is the disease associated with Actinomyces bovis in cattle? • “lumpy jaw” • Caused by erupting teeth or abrasive food

  24. What are the disease forms associated with clostridium sordellii? • Isolated from sudden deaths, and “big head” in rams

  25. What are the disease forms associated with clostridium botulinum in wild birds? • “limberneck”- ingestion of rotting vegetation and dead invertebrates • Ingestion of dead fish

  26. What are the signs associated with rhodococcus equi? • Bronchopenumonia • Extensive anscessation and lymphangitis • Necrotizing enterocolitis with ulceration

  27. What is the disease forms associated with Nocardia asteroides? • Cattle • mastitis • Dogs, cats • aspiration of organisms • Blood stained purulent fluid in pleural cavity

  28. What are the disease forms associated with clostridium perfringes Type A? • Gas gangrene (man and occasionally animals) • Food Poisoning (man • Colitis in horses • Necrotic enteritis in chickens • Enterotoxemic jaundice in lambs

  29. What is another name for Rhodococcus equi? • Corynebacterium equi

  30. What are the predisposing factors of dermatophilus congolensis? • Prolonged rainfall • Humid conditions • Heavy tick infestation

  31. What are the disease forms associated with clostridium perfringes Type B? • Lamb dysentery • 2d-2wks old • Causes severed diarrhea sometimes with blood • Neonatal hemorrhagic enteritis in calves and foals • Enterotoxemia in adult sheep and goats

  32. What is the morphology of dermatophilus congolensis? • Gram + rods • Branching filaments • Motile zoospores

  33. What is the significance of Corynebacterium bovis? • Commensal of bovine udder • Provokes neutrophil response, thought to protect the udder from more serious infections

  34. What are the disease forms associated with clostridium perfringes Type C? • Hemorrhagic enterotoxemia- esp. in neonatal piglets, lambs, foals and calves • Necrotic enteritis- chicks under 2 weeks • Enterotoxemia in post weaning/ adult sheep in Britain and adult goats

  35. What is the general lesion produced by actinomyces spp.? • Pyogranulomatous lesions • Presence of hard “sulfur granules”

  36. What is the morphology of bacillus spp.? • Large gram+ rods • Aerobic or facultative anaerobic • Sporeforming • Catalase +

  37. What are the disease forms associated with clostridium perfringes Type D? • Enterotoxemia (“pulpy kidney”) • Associated with change in diet usually for better • Increases cerebral pressure which causes nervous signs • Also causes hydropericardium, and edema of lungs • Hyperglycemia, and glucosuria • Enterotoxemia in goats and possibly cattle

  38. What are the cultural characteristics of streptococcus? • Facultative anaerobes • Catalase neg (staph catalase pos)

  39. What are the cultural characteristics of Actinomyces? • Anaerobic or microaerophilic- some CO2 prefered

  40. What are the disease forms associated with Staph hyicus? • “Greasy pig disease” • “exudative epidermitis” • Primarily in Suckling piglets • Excessive sebaceous secretion • Subacute disease- thickening and wrinkling of skin

  41. What is the disease forms associated with bovine farcy? • Nocardia sp. • Infection of the lymphatics of the lower limbs or head of cattle

  42. What are the disease forms associated with clostridium perfringes Type E? • Enteritis/enterotoxemia in calves and lambs

  43. What is the morphology of Nocardia spp. • Slender gram + rods and filaments • Modified acid-fast

  44. What are some synonyms of dermatophilus congolensis? • Cattle- dermatophilosis, streptothricosis, senkobo skin disease • Sheep- lumpy wool, mycotic dermatitis, strawberry footrot • Horse- rain scald

  45. What are the disease forms associated with staph intermedius? • Pyoderma in dogs and cats • Lesions in skin folds • Otitis externa

  46. What is the disease forms associated with B. anthracis? • Septicemia with sudden death • Dark, tarry unclotted blood oozing from orifices • Spleen is greatly enlarged

  47. What is the disease forms associated with Actinomyces hordeovulneris? • Injury by grass awns • Local abscesses and serositis

  48. What are the disease forms associated with clostridium piliforme? • Was: bacillus piliformis • Aka: tyzzers disease • Enteritis of lower small intestine and proximal large intestine and focal necrosis of liver • Disease seen in young animals

  49. What are the three most common streptococci associated with bovine mastitis? • S. agalactiae • S. dysgalactiae • S. uberis

  50. What is the disease forms associated with dermatophilus congolensis? • Scab and crust formation with shallow clean wound underneath

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