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FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56)

Encourages anti-Commun. reform movement in Hungary. Sov. army crushes uprising. Peace talks in Korea resume two wks later. Uncertainty about direction of US-Sov. relations. Polish workers feel encouraged to agitate for liberal reforms (1956).

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FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56)

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  1. Encourages anti-Commun. reform movement in Hungary Sov. army crushes uprising Peace talks in Korea resume two wks later Uncertainty about direction of US-Sov. relations Polish workers feel encouraged to agitate for liberal reforms (1956) Khruschev, now in charge, wants more moderate rule  NATO admits W. Germany (1954) & lets it rearm (1955) Denounces Stalin’s harsh rule (1956) to signal more relaxed rule Withdraws troops fr. Austria (1955) to promote better relations w/US Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Khruschev moves forces toward Warsaw, but then grants Poland more freedom as long as it stays loyal to Warsaw Pact Soviet tanks & troops driven from Budapest-> More radical anti-Soviet govt. encouraged by US propaganda Sov. forces crush Hung. rev. w/o US intervention (10/1956) Eisenhower admin. split on how to treat new Sov. govt. Beria, Stalin’s old right hand man, is executed Restores normal relations w/Yugoslavia Sign truce in July, 1953 FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean War (1950-3) Strain on US milit. resources (FC.140) USSR forms Warsaw Pact as a counter-measure (FC 140) Suez Crisis diverts US attention from Hungary (FC.146A) Suez Crisis diverts US attention from Hungary (FC.146A) US-Soviet relations deteriorate in late 1950s (FC.143)

  2. AFTERMATH OF STALIN FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953 Reaction of Soviet people? Reaction of Soviet people?

  3. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Govt that took over? Govt that took over?

  4. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? •  Progressive Georgi Malenkov • apparent leader of Collect. Gov. FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.139) (L-R Nikolai Bulganin,Georgi Malenkov, Maxim Z Saburov and Premier of Russia Nikita S. Khrushchev during a garden party at the Indian Embassy

  5. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? •  Progressive Georgi Malenkov • apparent leader of Collect. Gov. •  Rule that no one man should • hold all top offices FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.139) (L-R Nikolai Bulganin,Georgi Malenkov, Maxim Z Saburov and Premier of Russia Nikita S. Khrushchev during a garden party at the Indian Embassy

  6. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? •  Progressive Georgi Malenkov • apparent leader of Collect. Gov. •  Rule that no one man should • hold all top offices • Malenkov (b.1902) a top official • for Stalin, leading purges FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.139) (L-R Nikolai Bulganin,Georgi Malenkov, Maxim Z Saburov and Premier of Russia Nikita S. Khrushchev during a garden party at the Indian Embassy

  7. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? •  Progressive Georgi Malenkov • apparent leader of Collect. Gov. •  Rule that no one man should • hold all top offices • Malenkov (b.1902) a top official • for Stalin, leading purges •  Put in charge w/Beria to rebld • post war SU FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.139) (L-R Nikolai Bulganin,Georgi Malenkov, Maxim Z Saburov and Premier of Russia Nikita S. Khrushchev during a garden party at the Indian Embassy

  8. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? •  Progressive Georgi Malenkov • apparent leader of Collect. Gov. •  Rule that no one man should • hold all top offices • Malenkov (b.1902) a top official • for Stalin, leading purges •  Put in charge w/Beria to rebld • post war SU •  Styled himself a technocrat FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.139) (L-R Nikolai Bulganin,Georgi Malenkov, Maxim Z Saburov and Premier of Russia Nikita S. Khrushchev during a garden party at the Indian Embassy

  9. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? •  Progressive Georgi Malenkov • apparent leader of Collect. Gov. •  Rule that no one man should • hold all top offices • Malenkov (b.1902) a top official • for Stalin, leading purges •  Put in charge w/Beria to rebld • post war SU •  Styled himself a technocrat •  Despite backgrd, West saw him • as best hope for better rel’s FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.139) (L-R Nikolai Bulganin,Georgi Malenkov, Maxim Z Saburov and Premier of Russia Nikita S. Khrushchev during a garden party at the Indian Embassy

  10. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? •  Progressive Georgi Malenkov • apparent leader of Collect. Gov. •  Rule that no one man should • hold all top offices • Malenkov (b.1902) a top official • for Stalin, leading purges •  Put in charge w/Beria to rebld • post war SU •  Styled himself a technocrat •  Despite backgrd, West saw him • as best hope for better rel’s •  Not tough enough to stay on top FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.139) (L-R Nikolai Bulganin,Georgi Malenkov, Maxim Z Saburov and Premier of Russia Nikita S. Khrushchev during a garden party at the Indian Embassy

  11. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? •  Progressive Georgi Malenkov • apparent leader of Collect. Gov. •  Rule that no one man should • hold all top offices • Malenkov (b.1902) a top official • for Stalin, leading purges •  Put in charge w/Beria to rebld • post war SU •  Styled himself a technocrat •  Despite backgrd, West saw him • as best hope for better rel’s •  Not tough enough to stay on top • Amnesty for all arrested last 5 yrs. FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.139) (L-R Nikolai Bulganin,Georgi Malenkov, Maxim Z Saburov and Premier of Russia Nikita S. Khrushchev during a garden party at the Indian Embassy

  12. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? •  Progressive Georgi Malenkov • apparent leader of Collect. Gov. •  Rule that no one man should • hold all top offices • Malenkov (b.1902) a top official • for Stalin, leading purges •  Put in charge w/Beria to rebld • post war SU •  Styled himself a technocrat •  Despite backgrd, West saw him • as best hope for better rel’s •  Not tough enough to stay on top • Amnesty for all arrested last 5 yrs. Korea? FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.139) (L-R Nikolai Bulganin,Georgi Malenkov, Maxim Z Saburov and Premier of Russia Nikita S. Khrushchev during a garden party at the Indian Embassy

  13. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? •  Progressive Georgi Malenkov • apparent leader of Collect. Gov. •  Rule that no one man should • hold all top offices • Malenkov (b.1902) a top official • for Stalin, leading purges •  Put in charge w/Beria to rebld • post war SU •  Styled himself a technocrat •  Despite backgrd, West saw him • as best hope for better rel’s •  Not tough enough to stay on top • Amnesty for all arrested last 5 yrs. Peace talks in Korea resume two wks later FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.139) (L-R Nikolai Bulganin,Georgi Malenkov, Maxim Z Saburov and Premier of Russia Nikita S. Khrushchev during a garden party at the Indian Embassy

  14. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? •  Progressive Georgi Malenkov • apparent leader of Collect. Gov. •  Rule that no one man should • hold all top offices • Malenkov (b.1902) a top official • for Stalin, leading purges •  Put in charge w/Beria to rebld • post war SU •  Styled himself a technocrat •  Despite backgrd, West saw him • as best hope for better rel’s •  Not tough enough to stay on top • Amnesty for all arrested last 5 yrs. Peace talks in Korea resume two wks later Sign truce in July, 1953 FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) How did Comm. Leaders in E. Europe feel about Stalin’s death?

  15. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? •  Progressive Georgi Malenkov • apparent leader of Collect. Gov. •  Rule that no one man should • hold all top offices • Malenkov (b.1902) a top official • for Stalin, leading purges •  Put in charge w/Beria to rebld • post war SU •  Styled himself a technocrat •  Despite backgrd, West saw him • as best hope for better rel’s •  Not tough enough to stay on top • Amnesty for all arrested last 5 yrs. • E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous Peace talks in Korea resume two wks later Sign truce in July, 1953 FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.139)

  16. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? •  Progressive Georgi Malenkov • apparent leader of Collect. Gov. •  Rule that no one man should • hold all top offices • Malenkov (b.1902) a top official • for Stalin, leading purges •  Put in charge w/Beria to rebld • post war SU •  Styled himself a technocrat •  Despite backgrd, West saw him • as best hope for better rel’s •  Not tough enough to stay on top • Amnesty for all arrested last 5 yrs. • E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous • - Leaders in SU toyed w/idea of • reunified but neutral Ger. •  Summon Ulbricht to Moscow • to encourage more lib approach Peace talks in Korea resume two wks later Sign truce in July, 1953 FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.139)

  17. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? •  Progressive Georgi Malenkov • apparent leader of Collect. Gov. •  Rule that no one man should • hold all top offices • Malenkov (b.1902) a top official • for Stalin, leading purges •  Put in charge w/Beria to rebld • post war SU •  Styled himself a technocrat •  Despite backgrd, West saw him • as best hope for better rel’s •  Not tough enough to stay on top • Amnesty for all arrested last 5 yrs. • E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous • - Leaders in SU toyed w/idea of • reunified but neutral Ger. •  Summon Ulbricht to Moscow • to encourage more lib approach Peace talks in Korea resume two wks later Ulbricht’s policy? Sign truce in July, 1953 FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.139)

  18. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? •  Progressive Georgi Malenkov • apparent leader of Collect. Gov. •  Rule that no one man should • hold all top offices • Malenkov (b.1902) a top official • for Stalin, leading purges •  Put in charge w/Beria to rebld • post war SU •  Styled himself a technocrat •  Despite backgrd, West saw him • as best hope for better rel’s •  Not tough enough to stay on top • Amnesty for all arrested last 5 yrs. • E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous • - Leaders in SU toyed w/idea of • reunified but neutral Ger. •  Summon Ulbricht to Moscow • to encourage more lib approach •  Instead he imposed new work • quotas w/o pay increases Peace talks in Korea resume two wks later Reaction by E. Germans? Sign truce in July, 1953 FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.139)

  19. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? •  Progressive Georgi Malenkov • apparent leader of Collect. Gov. •  Rule that no one man should • hold all top offices • Malenkov (b.1902) a top official • for Stalin, leading purges •  Put in charge w/Beria to rebld • post war SU •  Styled himself a technocrat •  Despite backgrd, West saw him • as best hope for better rel’s •  Not tough enough to stay on top • Amnesty for all arrested last 5 yrs. • E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous • - Leaders in SU toyed w/idea of • reunified but neutral Ger. •  Summon Ulbricht to Moscow • to encourage more lib approach •  Instead he imposed new work • quotas w/o pay increases •  Huge demo (6/16) Peace talks in Korea resume two wks later Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Sign truce in July, 1953 FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.139)

  20. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? •  Progressive Georgi Malenkov • apparent leader of Collect. Gov. •  Rule that no one man should • hold all top offices • Malenkov (b.1902) a top official • for Stalin, leading purges •  Put in charge w/Beria to rebld • post war SU •  Styled himself a technocrat •  Despite backgrd, West saw him • as best hope for better rel’s •  Not tough enough to stay on top • Amnesty for all arrested last 5 yrs. • E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous • - Leaders in SU toyed w/idea of • reunified but neutral Ger. •  Summon Ulbricht to Moscow • to encourage more lib approach •  Instead he imposed new work • quotas w/o pay increases •  Huge demo (6/16) •  Labor protest became polit. • vs state owned fact's Peace talks in Korea resume two wks later Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Sign truce in July, 1953 FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140)

  21. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? •  Progressive Georgi Malenkov • apparent leader of Collect. Gov. •  Rule that no one man should • hold all top offices • Malenkov (b.1902) a top official • for Stalin, leading purges •  Put in charge w/Beria to rebld • post war SU •  Styled himself a technocrat •  Despite backgrd, West saw him • as best hope for better rel’s •  Not tough enough to stay on top • Amnesty for all arrested last 5 yrs. • E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous • - Leaders in SU toyed w/idea of • reunified but neutral Ger. •  Summon Ulbricht to Moscow • to encourage more lib approach •  Instead he imposed new work • quotas w/o pay increases •  Huge demo (6/16) •  Labor protest became polit. • vs state owned fact's •  Demos spread Peace talks in Korea resume two wks later Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Sign truce in July, 1953 FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140)

  22. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? •  Progressive Georgi Malenkov • apparent leader of Collect. Gov. •  Rule that no one man should • hold all top offices • Malenkov (b.1902) a top official • for Stalin, leading purges •  Put in charge w/Beria to rebld • post war SU •  Styled himself a technocrat •  Despite backgrd, West saw him • as best hope for better rel’s •  Not tough enough to stay on top • Amnesty for all arrested last 5 yrs. • E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous • - Leaders in SU toyed w/idea of • reunified but neutral Ger. •  Summon Ulbricht to Moscow • to encourage more lib approach •  Instead he imposed new work • quotas w/o pay increases •  Huge demo (6/16) •  Labor protest became polit. • vs state owned fact's •  Demos spread- •  Gov. near collapse Peace talks in Korea resume two wks later Who acted & how? Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Sign truce in July, 1953 Who acted & how? FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140)

  23. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? •  Progressive Georgi Malenkov • apparent leader of Collect. Gov. •  Rule that no one man should • hold all top offices • Malenkov (b.1902) a top official • for Stalin, leading purges •  Put in charge w/Beria to rebld • post war SU •  Styled himself a technocrat •  Despite backgrd, West saw him • as best hope for better rel’s •  Not tough enough to stay on top • Amnesty for all arrested last 5 yrs. • E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous • - Leaders in SU toyed w/idea of • reunified but neutral Ger. •  Summon Ulbricht to Moscow • to encourage more lib approach •  Instead he imposed new work • quotas w/o pay increases •  Huge demo (6/16) •  Labor protest became polit. • vs state owned fact's •  Demos spread- •  Gov. near collapse •  Beria brought in tanks Peace talks in Korea resume two wks later Sov. army crushes uprising Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Sign truce in July, 1953 FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140)

  24. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? •  Progressive Georgi Malenkov • apparent leader of Collect. Gov. •  Rule that no one man should • hold all top offices • Malenkov (b.1902) a top official • for Stalin, leading purges •  Put in charge w/Beria to rebld • post war SU •  Styled himself a technocrat •  Despite backgrd, West saw him • as best hope for better rel’s •  Not tough enough to stay on top • Amnesty for all arrested last 5 yrs. • E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous • - Leaders in SU toyed w/idea of • reunified but neutral Ger. •  Summon Ulbricht to Moscow • to encourage more lib approach •  Instead he imposed new work • quotas w/o pay increases •  Huge demo (6/16) •  Labor protest became polit. • vs state owned fact's •  Demos spread- •  Gov. near collapse •  Beria brought in tanks •  Killed 40, wounded 400, • arrested 1000's •  Strikes collapsed Peace talks in Korea resume two wks later Sov. army crushes uprising Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Sign truce in July, 1953 FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140)

  25. E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous • - Leaders in SU toyed w/idea of • reunified but neutral Ger. •  Summon Ulbricht to Moscow • to encourage more lib approach •  Instead he imposed new work • quotas w/o pay increases •  Huge demo (6/16) •  Labor protest became polit. • vs state owned fact's •  Demos spread- •  Gov. near collapse •  Beria brought in tanks •  Killed 40, wounded 400, • arrested 1000's •  Strikes collapsed •  Ulbricht eventually eased up Peace talks in Korea resume two wks later Sov. army crushes uprising Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Sign truce in July, 1953 FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140)

  26. E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous • - Leaders in SU toyed w/idea of • reunified but neutral Ger. •  Summon Ulbricht to Moscow • to encourage more lib approach •  Instead he imposed new work • quotas w/o pay increases •  Huge demo (6/16) •  Labor protest became polit. • vs state owned fact's •  Demos spread- •  Gov. near collapse •  Beria brought in tanks •  Killed 40, wounded 400, • arrested 1000's •  Strikes collapsed •  Ulbricht eventually eased up •  Riot & strikes in Czech, Hung, • Romania, & even Siberia Peace talks in Korea resume two wks later Sov. army crushes uprising Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Sign truce in July, 1953 FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Whom did Moscow blame?

  27. E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous • - Leaders in SU toyed w/idea of • reunified but neutral Ger. •  Summon Ulbricht to Moscow • to encourage more lib approach •  Instead he imposed new work • quotas w/o pay increases •  Huge demo (6/16) •  Labor protest became polit. • vs state owned fact's •  Demos spread- •  Gov. near collapse •  Beria brought in tanks •  Killed 40, wounded 400, • arrested 1000's •  Strikes collapsed •  Ulbricht eventually eased up •  Riot & strikes in Czech, Hung, • Romania, & even Siberia •  Kremlin saw US behind this Peace talks in Korea resume two wks later Sov. army crushes uprising Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Sign truce in July, 1953 FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) What shocked Polish leaders?

  28. E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous • - Leaders in SU toyed w/idea of • reunified but neutral Ger. •  Summon Ulbricht to Moscow • to encourage more lib approach •  Instead he imposed new work • quotas w/o pay increases •  Huge demo (6/16) •  Labor protest became polit. • vs state owned fact's •  Demos spread- •  Gov. near collapse •  Beria brought in tanks •  Killed 40, wounded 400, • arrested 1000's •  Strikes collapsed •  Ulbricht eventually eased up •  Riot & strikes in Czech, Hung, • Romania, & even Siberia •  Kremlin saw US behind this •  Polish leaders shocked that • workers were behind strikes Peace talks in Korea resume two wks later Sov. army crushes uprising Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Sign truce in July, 1953 FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140)

  29. E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous • - Leaders in SU toyed w/idea of • reunified but neutral Ger. •  Summon Ulbricht to Moscow • to encourage more lib approach •  Instead he imposed new work • quotas w/o pay increases •  Huge demo (6/16) •  Labor protest became polit. • vs state owned fact's •  Demos spread- •  Gov. near collapse •  Beria brought in tanks •  Killed 40, wounded 400, • arrested 1000's •  Strikes collapsed •  Ulbricht eventually eased up •  Riot & strikes in Czech, Hung, • Romania, & even Siberia •  Kremlin saw US behind this •  Polish leaders shocked that • workers were behind strikes •  Fiercer power struggle Peace talks in Korea resume two wks later Sov. army crushes uprising Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Sign truce in July, 1953 FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140)

  30. E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous • - Leaders in SU toyed w/idea of • reunified but neutral Ger. •  Summon Ulbricht to Moscow • to encourage more lib approach •  Instead he imposed new work • quotas w/o pay increases •  Huge demo (6/16) •  Labor protest became polit. • vs state owned fact's •  Demos spread- •  Gov. near collapse •  Beria brought in tanks •  Killed 40, wounded 400, • arrested 1000's •  Strikes collapsed •  Ulbricht eventually eased up •  Riot & strikes in Czech, Hung, • Romania, & even Siberia •  Kremlin saw US behind this •  Polish leaders shocked that • workers were behind strikes •  Fiercer power struggle •  Beria saw opport. to take over Peace talks in Korea resume two wks later Sov. army crushes uprising Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Sign truce in July, 1953 FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) What happened?

  31. E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous • - Leaders in SU toyed w/idea of • reunified but neutral Ger. •  Summon Ulbricht to Moscow • to encourage more lib approach •  Instead he imposed new work • quotas w/o pay increases •  Huge demo (6/16) •  Labor protest became polit. • vs state owned fact's •  Demos spread- •  Gov. near collapse •  Beria brought in tanks •  Killed 40, wounded 400, • arrested 1000's •  Strikes collapsed •  Ulbricht eventually eased up •  Riot & strikes in Czech, Hung, • Romania, & even Siberia •  Kremlin saw US behind this •  Polish leaders shocked that • workers were behind strikes •  Fiercer power struggle •  Beria saw opport. to take over •  Denounced as W agent •  Convicted & shot, the only • Sov. leader to die like that Peace talks in Korea resume two wks later Sov. army crushes uprising Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Beria, Stalin’s old right hand man, is executed Sign truce in July, 1953 FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140)

  32. E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous • - Leaders in SU toyed w/idea of • reunified but neutral Ger. •  Summon Ulbricht to Moscow • to encourage more lib approach •  Instead he imposed new work • quotas w/o pay increases •  Huge demo (6/16) •  Labor protest became polit. • vs state owned fact's •  Demos spread- •  Gov. near collapse •  Beria brought in tanks •  Killed 40, wounded 400, • arrested 1000's •  Strikes collapsed •  Ulbricht eventually eased up •  Riot & strikes in Czech, Hung, • Romania, & even Siberia •  Kremlin saw US behind this •  Polish leaders shocked that • workers were behind strikes •  Fiercer power struggle •  Beria saw opport. to take over •  Denounced as W agent •  Convicted & shot, the only • Sov. leader to die like that •  "Times had Changed" Peace talks in Korea resume two wks later Sov. army crushes uprising Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Beria, Stalin’s old right hand man, is executed Sign truce in July, 1953 FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140)

  33. E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous • - Leaders in SU toyed w/idea of • reunified but neutral Ger. •  Summon Ulbricht to Moscow • to encourage more lib approach •  Instead he imposed new work • quotas w/o pay increases •  Huge demo (6/16) •  Labor protest became polit. • vs state owned fact's •  Demos spread- •  Gov. near collapse •  Beria brought in tanks •  Killed 40, wounded 400, • arrested 1000's •  Strikes collapsed •  Ulbricht eventually eased up •  Riot & strikes in Czech, Hung, • Romania, & even Siberia •  Kremlin saw US behind this •  Polish leaders shocked that • workers were behind strikes •  Fiercer power struggle •  Beria saw opport. to take over •  Denounced as W agent •  Convicted & shot, the only • Sov. leader to die like that •  "Times had Changed" • INITIAL US REACTION Peace talks in Korea resume two wks later Sov. army crushes uprising Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Beria, Stalin’s old right hand man, is executed Sign truce in July, 1953 FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140)

  34. E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous • - Leaders in SU toyed w/idea of • reunified but neutral Ger. •  Summon Ulbricht to Moscow • to encourage more lib approach •  Instead he imposed new work • quotas w/o pay increases •  Huge demo (6/16) •  Labor protest became polit. • vs state owned fact's •  Demos spread- •  Gov. near collapse •  Beria brought in tanks •  Killed 40, wounded 400, • arrested 1000's •  Strikes collapsed •  Ulbricht eventually eased up •  Riot & strikes in Czech, Hung, • Romania, & even Siberia •  Kremlin saw US behind this •  Polish leaders shocked that • workers were behind strikes •  Fiercer power struggle •  Beria saw opport. to take over •  Denounced as W agent •  Convicted & shot, the only • Sov. leader to die like that •  "Times had Changed" • INITIAL US REACTION • Ike had just taken over-> no • contingency plan for Stalin's death Peace talks in Korea resume two wks later Sov. army crushes uprising Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Beria, Stalin’s old right hand man, is executed Sign truce in July, 1953 FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140)

  35. E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous • - Leaders in SU toyed w/idea of • reunified but neutral Ger. •  Summon Ulbricht to Moscow • to encourage more lib approach •  Instead he imposed new work • quotas w/o pay increases •  Huge demo (6/16) •  Labor protest became polit. • vs state owned fact's •  Demos spread- •  Gov. near collapse •  Beria brought in tanks •  Killed 40, wounded 400, • arrested 1000's •  Strikes collapsed •  Ulbricht eventually eased up •  Riot & strikes in Czech, Hung, • Romania, & even Siberia •  Kremlin saw US behind this •  Polish leaders shocked that • workers were behind strikes •  Fiercer power struggle •  Beria saw opport. to take over •  Denounced as W agent •  Convicted & shot, the only • Sov. leader to die like that •  "Times had Changed" • INITIAL US REACTION • Ike had just taken over-> no • contingency plan for Stalin's death •  Hinted peaceful approach; Peace talks in Korea resume two wks later Sov. army crushes uprising Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Beria, Stalin’s old right hand man, is executed Sign truce in July, 1953 FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140)

  36. E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous • - Leaders in SU toyed w/idea of • reunified but neutral Ger. •  Summon Ulbricht to Moscow • to encourage more lib approach •  Instead he imposed new work • quotas w/o pay increases •  Huge demo (6/16) •  Labor protest became polit. • vs state owned fact's •  Demos spread- •  Gov. near collapse •  Beria brought in tanks •  Killed 40, wounded 400, • arrested 1000's •  Strikes collapsed •  Ulbricht eventually eased up •  Riot & strikes in Czech, Hung, • Romania, & even Siberia •  Kremlin saw US behind this •  Polish leaders shocked that • workers were behind strikes •  Fiercer power struggle •  Beria saw opport. to take over •  Denounced as W agent •  Convicted & shot, the only • Sov. leader to die like that •  "Times had Changed" • INITIAL US REACTION • Ike had just taken over-> no • contingency plan for Stalin's death •  Hinted peaceful approach; • -Sec of St. Dulles & NSC less nice •  Talks of "rolling back" Comm. Peace talks in Korea resume two wks later Sov. army crushes uprising Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Beria, Stalin’s old right hand man, is executed Sign truce in July, 1953 FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140)

  37. INITIAL US REACTION • Ike had just taken over-> no • contingency plan for Stalin's death •  Hinted peaceful approach; • -Sec of St. Dulles & NSC less nice •  Talks of "rolling back" Comm. •  Mixed signals to Moscow Peace talks in Korea resume two wks later Sov. army crushes uprising Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Eisenhower admin. split on how to treat new Sov. govt. Beria, Stalin’s old right hand man, is executed Sign truce in July, 1953 FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140)

  38. INITIAL US REACTION • Ike had just taken over-> no • contingency plan for Stalin's death •  Hinted peaceful approach; • -Sec of St. Dulles & NSC less nice •  Talks of "rolling back" Comm. •  Mixed signals to Moscow Peace talks in Korea resume two wks later NATO admits W. Germany (1954) & lets it rearm (1955) Sov. army crushes uprising Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Eisenhower admin. split on how to treat new Sov. govt. Beria, Stalin’s old right hand man, is executed Sign truce in July, 1953 FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean War (1950-3) Strain on US milit. resources (FC.140) USSR forms Warsaw Pact as a counter-measure (FC 140) What did West do to ease strain on manpower?

  39. INITIAL US REACTION • Ike had just taken over-> no • contingency plan for Stalin's death •  Hinted peaceful approach; • -Sec of St. Dulles & NSC less nice •  Talks of "rolling back" Comm. •  Mixed signals to Moscow Peace talks in Korea resume two wks later NATO admits W. Germany (1954) & lets it rearm (1955) Sov. army crushes uprising Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Eisenhower admin. split on how to treat new Sov. govt. Beria, Stalin’s old right hand man, is executed Sign truce in July, 1953 FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean War (1950-3) Strain on US milit. resources (FC.140) USSR forms Warsaw Pact as a counter-measure (FC 140) Soviet reaction?

  40. US REACTION • Ike had just taken over-> no • contingency plan for Stalin's death •  Hinted peaceful approach; • -Sec of St. Dulles & NSC less nice •  Talks of "rolling back" Comm. •  Mixed signals to Moscow Peace talks in Korea resume two wks later NATO admits W. Germany (1954) & lets it rearm (1955) Sov. army crushes uprising Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Eisenhower admin. split on how to treat new Sov. govt. Beria, Stalin’s old right hand man, is executed Sign truce in July, 1953 FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean War (1950-3) Strain on US milit. resources (FC.140) USSR forms Warsaw Pact as a counter-measure (FC 140)

  41. INITIAL US REACTION • Ike had just taken over-> no • contingency plan for Stalin's death •  Hinted peaceful approach; • -Sec of St. Dulles & NSC less nice •  Talks of "rolling back" Comm. •  Mixed signals to Moscow Peace talks in Korea resume two wks later Uncertainty about direction of US-Sov. relations NATO admits W. Germany (1954) & lets it rearm (1955) Sov. army crushes uprising Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Eisenhower admin. split on how to treat new Sov. govt. Beria, Stalin’s old right hand man, is executed Sign truce in July, 1953 FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean War (1950-3) Strain on US milit. resources (FC.140) USSR forms Warsaw Pact as a counter-measure (FC 140)

  42. INITIAL US REACTION • Ike had just taken over-> no • contingency plan for Stalin's death •  Hinted peaceful approach; • -Sec of St. Dulles & NSC less nice •  Talks of "rolling back" Comm. •  Mixed signals to Moscow Peace talks in Korea resume two wks later Uncertainty about direction of US-Sov. relations NATO admits W. Germany (1954) & lets it rearm (1955) Sov. army crushes uprising Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Eisenhower admin. split on how to treat new Sov. govt. Beria, Stalin’s old right hand man, is executed Sign truce in July, 1953 New leader to emerge? FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean War (1950-3) Strain on US milit. resources (FC.140) USSR forms Warsaw Pact as a counter-measure (FC 140)

  43. INITIAL US REACTION • Ike had just taken over-> no • contingency plan for Stalin's death •  Hinted peaceful approach; • -Sec of St. Dulles & NSC less nice •  Talks of "rolling back" Comm. •  Mixed signals to Moscow • NIKITA KHRUSCHEV (1884-1971) Sign truce in July, 1953 NATO admits W. Germany (1954) & lets it rearm (1955) Peace talks in Korea resume two wks later Uncertainty about direction of US-Sov. relations Withdraws troops fr. Austria (1955) to promote better relations w/US Khruschev, now in charge, wants more moderate rule  Denounces Stalin’s harsh rule (1956) to signal more relaxed rule Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Eisenhower admin. split on how to treat new Sov. govt. Beria, Stalin’s old right hand man, is executed Restores normal relations w/Yugoslavia Sov. army crushes uprising FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean War (1950-3) Strain on US milit. resources (FC.140) USSR forms Warsaw Pact as a counter-measure (FC 140)

  44. INITIAL US REACTION • Ike had just taken over-> no • contingency plan for Stalin's death •  Hinted peaceful approach; • -Sec of St. Dulles & NSC less nice •  Talks of "rolling back" Comm. •  Mixed signals to Moscow • NIKITA KHRUSCHEV (1884-1971 • Poor illit. parents-> Crude side • that often masked his cunning •  Often not taken seriously Sign truce in July, 1953 NATO admits W. Germany (1954) & lets it rearm (1955) Peace talks in Korea resume two wks later Uncertainty about direction of US-Sov. relations Withdraws troops fr. Austria (1955) to promote better relations w/US Khruschev, now in charge, wants more moderate rule  Denounces Stalin’s harsh rule (1956) to signal more relaxed rule Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Eisenhower admin. split on how to treat new Sov. govt. Beria, Stalin’s old right hand man, is executed Restores normal relations w/Yugoslavia Sov. army crushes uprising FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean War (1950-3) Strain on US milit. resources (FC.140) USSR forms Warsaw Pact as a counter-measure (FC 140)

  45. INITIAL US REACTION • Ike had just taken over-> no • contingency plan for Stalin's death •  Hinted peaceful approach; • -Sec of St. Dulles & NSC less nice •  Talks of "rolling back" Comm. •  Mixed signals to Moscow • NIKITA KHRUSCHEV (1884-1971 • Poor illit. parents-> Crude side • that often masked his cunning •  Often not taken seriously • Joined Rev (1917)-> Commissar •  Studied @ Stalin Ind. Acad. •  Rose to #2 in Mosc. party org & • oversaw bldg Moscow Metro •  Joined Politburo (1938) •  Involved in purges & exterm. of • Ukrainian intellectuals. Sign truce in July, 1953 NATO admits W. Germany (1954) & lets it rearm (1955) Peace talks in Korea resume two wks later Uncertainty about direction of US-Sov. relations Withdraws troops fr. Austria (1955) to promote better relations w/US Khruschev, now in charge, wants more moderate rule  Denounces Stalin’s harsh rule (1956) to signal more relaxed rule Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Eisenhower admin. split on how to treat new Sov. govt. Beria, Stalin’s old right hand man, is executed Restores normal relations w/Yugoslavia Sov. army crushes uprising FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean War (1950-3) Strain on US milit. resources (FC.140) USSR forms Warsaw Pact as a counter-measure (FC 140)

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