Aggressors Invade Nations

1. AggressorsInvadeNations Chapter 15.4

2. Daily Agenda 2/4/2014 • Objectives: I.d., analyze, and find examples of the implementation of appeasement. • “Why do you think…” Review • Then: Notes • Last: Work on homework (due Thursday)

3. Why do you think… Hitler had his picture taken with this child?

4. Why do you think… WWI led to an increase in fascism?

5. Why do you think… WWI led to discrimination against Jewish people?

6. Japan Seeks Empire • Military leaders took control during depression • Solve economic problems by expanding to gain resources • e.g. 1931 Manchuria, 1937 Invades China, 1933 Left League of Nations

7. Hirohito

8. European Nations • Italy • Mussolini wants to expand Empire in Africa • e.g. 1935 Invades Ethiopia League of Nations do Nothing • Address to the LON from Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia • … “We now demand that the League of Nations should continue its efforts to secure respect for the covenant, and that it should decide not to recognize territorial extensions, or the exercise of an assumed sovereignty, resulting from the illegal recourse to armed force and to numerous other violations of international agreements… IT IS US TODAY… IT WILL BE YOU TOMORROW” • Spain • Fascist dictator takes over 1939 • Germany • Hitler broke Treaty of Versailles • Rebuilds Army • e.g. Invades Rhineland • Forms alliance w/ Italy and Japan 1936

9. Policy of Appeasement • *Appeasement: giving in to an aggressor to keep peace • Hitler defies the TOV • 1935 – Hitler grows army* • 1936 – Hitler invades Rhineland * • 1938 – Hitler annexes Austria, then Sudetenland (Western Czech.)* • ii. September 1938: Munich Conference*********************** • Trying to keep peace, GB and FR give in to Hitler’s demands • In exchange, Hitler must stop expanding • 6 months later… Hitler takes Czech. • 1939 – Hitler wants Poland… (GB and FR promise to defend)

11. Soviet – Germany Nonaggression Pact • Nonaggression pact • Hitler gets West Poland • Stalin gets East Poland • makes it easier for Hitler to invade Poland (don't have to worry about fighting Soviets AND G.B / Fr.) • Invades September 1, 1939

12. Japan • Gov’t blamed for depression too • Traditional gov’t, not new system • Emperor Hirohito • Expand empire (Pacific & China) • Raw materials & living space • Invade and take over Manchuria • Violation of L of N, so Japan leaves • Invade China and take Nanjing

13. Hitler • Hitler defies Versailles Treaty – Builds an army • League does nothing • Invade Rhineland – buffer zone b/t Fr. & Ger. • Appeasement • “Giving in to something to keep peace” • Hitler – More power & prestige in Germany • Shift in the balance of power in Europe • Mussolini allies with Hitler – Rome-Berlin Axis • Add Japan later • Axis Powers are born

14. The Spanish Civil War Francisco Franco

15. Daily Agenda: 2/12/13 • First: Entrance Activity • View: Kristallnacht Video • QUICK!!! 3 newspaper headlines that could have come from yesterday’s notes • Then: Notes • Review/add to notes what we know • Aggressors Invade Nations • Last: Work on homework (due Wednesday) • Heads-up: Quiz on Thursday (about 25 questions)

16. Spanish Civil War • Hitler and Mussolini support Franco (Nationalists) • U.S.S.R. supports the government (Republicans) • Franco wins, new dictator of Spain

17. Japan Seeks an Empire • Gov’t blamed for depression too • Militarists take control • Traditional gov’t, not new system • Emperor Hirohito • Expand empire (Pacific & China) • Raw materials & living space • Invade and take over Manchuria • Violation of L of N, so Japan leaves • Invade China and take Nanjing

18. Hitler • Hitler defies Versailles Treaty – Builds an army • League does nothing • Invade Rhineland– buffer zone b/t Fr. & Ger. • Appeasement • “Giving in to something to keep peace” • Hitler – More power & prestige in Germany • Shift in the balance of power in Europe • Mussolini allies with Hitler – Rome-Berlin Axis • Add Japan later • Axis Powers are born

19. US Follows an Isolationist Policy • Isolationism– avoidance of political ties with other countries • In 1935, Congress passes Neutrality Acts • Banned loans and the sale of arms to nations at war or civil war (Spain) • “Cash-and-carry” basis • No loans! • No shipping!

20. The German Reich Expands • Hitler plans to expand Third Reich (more lebenstraum!) – German Empire • Hitler annexes Austria – 1938 • “Anschluss” • Hitler demands the Sudetenlandfrom Czechoslovakia • Czechs refuse, ask for help

21. Britain and France choose appeasement… AGAIN! • Leaders meet at Munich Conference to settle Czech crisis • GB and France agree to let Hitler take the Sudetenland • But in 1939, Hitler takes rest of Czechoslovakia • Mussolini takes Albania; Hitler wants part of Poland • Nazi-Soviet Nonaggression Pact: 1939, Stalin and Hitler agree never to attack/invade one another and will split Poland.

22. HOMEWORK • Read Chapter 15.4, answer #3-8 on p. 485 (due Wednesday) • Quiz Thursday: 25 questions, study guides tomorrow (over Stalin-Aggressive Actions)

23. EXIT TICKET! • “Can Hitler Be Trusted?” • What do you think the other leaders hoped to accomplish by giving in to Hitler? • Why does Winston Churchill consider this decision a disaster? • Which man do you feel made the stronger argument? Explain.