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Correctional Service of Canada

Correctional Service of Canada. Elements of an Effective Substance Abuse Treatment Model for Offenders Part 5: Adjunctive Services Presentation to Caribbean CICAD members St. Lucia November, 2004. Adjunctive Services. As discussed previously, offenders typically have multiple need areas

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Correctional Service of Canada

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  1. Correctional Service of Canada Elements of an Effective Substance Abuse Treatment Model for Offenders Part 5: Adjunctive Services Presentation to Caribbean CICAD members St. Lucia November, 2004

  2. Adjunctive Services • As discussed previously, offenders typically have multiple need areas • Model adopted by the Correctional Service of Canada is to address these multiple needs through multiple interventions and programs • Intake assessment determines need areas and assists in prioritizing interventions

  3. Step 1: Needs Assessment • First step in determining most appropriate adjunctive services is a needs assessment of the target population

  4. Profile – Canadian Federal Offenders • Education Deficits - 70% of offenders test below grade 8 (CAAT) • Employment Problems - 74% have unstable job histories. 69% are unemployed at arrest • Decision Making Problems - 80% are poor problem solvers. Many have difficulties managing money • Mental Health Problems - 20% have been hospitalized in a mental health facility. 11% have a current psychiatric diagnosis

  5. Infectious Diseases (2003) In CSC prisons, the prevalence of: HIV is 7 to 10 times higher Hepatitis C is 30 times higher than the general Canadian population

  6. Step 2: Assessment of Needs • Once need areas are identified in the population, important to have mechanism to assess and prioritize those needs

  7. Needs Assessment – CSCOffender Intake AssessmentProcess Timing - during offender intake Includes: • a complete profile of the offender’s criminal and social history • Rating of static factors related to criminal re-offending • Prioritized listing of dynamic factors related to reducing risk of re-offending • Sentence-wide Correctional Plan • Security classification and initial placement recommendation

  8. Offender Intake AssessmentSupplementary Assessments (as required) • Psychological assessments • Substance Abuse assessments • Educational and vocational assessments • Family violence assessments • Sex offender assessments • Assessment for Methadone Maintenance Treatment

  9. Step 3: Planning Services • Need to determine how to deliver adjunctive services • Establishment of “in-house” services or engagement of community resources

  10. Examples of Adjunctive Services • Drug-Free living environments • Gender-specific services • HIV/AIDS testing and education • Life skills development • Academic development • Employment skills

  11. Drug-Free Living Environments • Main goal: to provide a positive living environment for offenders who wish to remain free of alcohol and drugs and to support and reinforce offender efforts to change substance abuse behaviour • Different models for implementation – program vs. living environment

  12. Correctional Service of Canada Intensive Support Units (ISUs) • Drug-free living environment • Voluntary - offenders sign contract • Access available to both offenders who have substance abuse problems as well as those who do not • Automatic removal for violation of Unit’s drug-free policy. Offenders can apply for re-entry after 30 day period • NOT a program - encourages offenders to participate in programs identified in their Correctional Plan • Access to Unit by non-residents can be controlled and monitored • Additional security controls to monitor adherence to drug-free unit rules

  13. Intensive Support Units (ISUs) • Initiative began with 5 pilot sites in February, 2000 • Currently have approximately 1,300 ISU beds nationally in 47 institutions • Preliminary research has yielded positive results on the impact of the ISU

  14. Gender-Specific Services • Responsivity factor – women offenders have some unique needs in terms of services required • In CSC, have a separate stream of programs for women (e.g., Women Offender Substance Abuse Program (WOSAP) • Not feasible in jurisdictions where the number of women offenders is extremely low

  15. HIV/AIDS Testing and Education • Testing for infectious diseases – legislative restrictions • In CSC, have voluntary testing program for offenders • Also pilot with public health for anonymous testing

  16. HIV/AIDS Testing and Education (cont.) Methods of Education: • Awareness programs • Pamphlets, brochures • Peer education counselling

  17. Life Skills Development • Can include programming in such areas as problem solving, anger and emotions management, leisure skills, parenting skills, and skills for functioning in the community (e.g., money management)

  18. Education Programs In CSC the following education programs are available at all institutions: • Adult Basic Education (Grades 1 to 10) • Secondary Education • Vocational Education • Post-Secondary Education

  19. Vocational Education - Examples • Agriculture • Welding and metal trades • Hairdressing • Small engine repair • Auto mechanics • Electronics • Carpentry and cabinet-making • Plumbing • Computer programming

  20. Employability Programs • “on-the-job training”, usually with some kind of certification provided • Employment and career planning programs – problem solving, critical thinking, punctuality, interacting with coworkers, dealing with authourity figures

  21. Questions and Comments

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