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Condyloma Acuminata

Condyloma Acuminata. Genital warts (condyloma acuminata or venereal warts) are caused by a group of viruses called human papilloma viruses (HPV).

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Condyloma Acuminata

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  1. CondylomaAcuminata

  2. Genital warts (condyloma acuminata or venereal warts) are caused by a group of viruses called human papilloma viruses (HPV).

  3. Genital warts are one or more painless, soft and fleshy growths that usually appear one or two months after exposure, but can take as long as nine months to incubate. Some warts are so small that they can be only identified with a colposcopic exam of the cervix and vagina or a Pap smear.

  4. Causes of Genital Warts Genital warts are spread by sexual contact with an infected partner and are very contagious. Approximately two-thirds of all persons who have sexual contact with an infected partner will develop this sexually transmitted disease (STD).

  5. Although much remains to be learned about how the papilloma virus progresses, doctors have observed that the warm, moist environment in the genital area seems to favor wart growth. Outbreaks appear to be exacerbated during pregnancy and in patients with defective immune systems.

  6. Patients with a history of genital warts may be at increased risk for certain types of cancer. The human papilloma virus is associated with up to 90 percent of all cervical malignancies and may play a role in cancers of the vagina, anus, vulva and penis.

  7. Cervical warts may be transmitted to the newborn via passage through the infected birth canal.

  8. Symptoms of Genital Warts Genital warts are raised, flesh-colored lesions on the genitals, anus, or surrounding skin. They may appear as cauliflower-like growths around the anus or genitals. However, there are often no symptoms. Symptoms that may occur include:

  9. Abnormal vaginal bleedingafter sexual intercourse • Increased dampness or moisture in the area of the growths • Itching of theanal area, or vulva • Increased vaginal discharge

  10. Causes and Risk Factor The following factors put you at higher risk for getting genital warts and other complications of HPV: • Multiple sexual partners • Not knowing if someone you had sex with had STDs • Early age when you start to be sexually active

  11. Stress and other viral infections (such as HIV or herpes) at the same time • Birth control pills used

  12. Pathophysiology

  13. Diagnosis of Genital Warts It is important for a person who may have genital warts to see a doctor so other types of similar-looking infections or conditions can be ruled out or treated.

  14. Genital warts are usually diagnosed by direct visual examination. When acetic acid (vinegar) is swabbed on the cervix, HPV lesions appear whitish.

  15. Colposcopy, a painless examination during which a lighted magnifying instrument is used to view the internal reproductive organs in women

  16. Insome cases, it is necessary to do a biopsy of cervical tissue. This involves taking a small sample of tissue from the cervix and examining it under the microscope. Sampling cells with a biopsy and testing for HPV genetic material may be necessary to confirm a diagnosis.

  17. Treatment for Genital Warts Genital warts often occur in groups and can accumulate into large masses on genital tissues. They often reappear after treatment. Depending on factors, such as their size and location, genital warts are treated in several ways.

  18. Podophyllin solution, which is applied to the affected area and washed off after several hours. Podophyllin should not be used during pregnancy, because it is absorbed by the skin and may cause birth defects.

  19. Small warts can be removed by freezing (liquid nitrogen) or burning (electrodesiccation). • Imiquimod, a 5 percent cream that is an interferon inducer, has produced moderate activity in clearing external genital warts.

  20. Surgical treatments include cryosurgery, electrocauterization, laser therapy, or cutting them out.

  21. Complication At least 70 types of HPV have been identified, several of which have been linked to cervical and vulvar cancer. The warts may become numerous and quite large, requiring more extensive treatment and follow-up procedures.

  22. Prevention If you develop genital warts, all of your sexual partners must be examinedand treated if genital warts are found.

  23. Women who have had genital warts, and women whose partners have ever had genital warts, should have Pap smears at least once a year. For warts on the cervix, women may be advised to have Pap smears every 3 to 6 months after initial treatment.

  24. A new vaccine called Gardasil prevents infection against four of the HPV strains responsible for the majority of genital warts and cervical cancer in women. The vaccine is given as a series of three shots. It is recommended for girls and women ages 9 to 26.

  25. END

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