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England and the Colonies

England and the Colonies. Characteristics of the “empire” Mercantilism Role of Colonies Supply raw materials; Purchase finished goods; Navigation Acts (1650s) No trade with other nations All trade is on English vessels with English crews All trade must pass through England first

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England and the Colonies

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  1. England and the Colonies • Characteristics of the “empire” • Mercantilism • Role of Colonies • Supply raw materials; • Purchase finished goods; • Navigation Acts (1650s) • No trade with other nations • All trade is on English vessels with English crews • All trade must pass through England first • Colonies forbidden from manufacturing certain items (may not compete with British industries).

  2. England and the Colonies • Poor enforcement of laws • Smuggling is common…especially in New England • Cost of enforcement > benefit gained • 1000+ miles of coastline to patrol • Would require customs agents in every port • England distracted by events at home • 1640-1649: English Civil War (Charles I beheaded and no king from 1649-1660) • 1660: The “Restoration” – monarchy restored under Charles II.

  3. Attempts to enforce laws • The “Dominion of New England” • Established by James II in 1686. • Attempt to gain control over the “too independent” New England colonies. • Merges all the New England colonies into one royal colony: “D.O.N.E.” • Sir Edmund Andros appointed royal governor • Very unpopular • Suspends town meetings

  4. Glorious Revolution - 1688 • James II removed from the throne • Catholic… • “Glorious” because it was bloodless • William and Mary invited to be new monarchs. • When news reaches New England, they overthrow Edmund Andros… • W&M restore the New England colonies, but now they are under royal control.

  5. Salutary Neglect • “beneficial neglect” • Colonies are left alone and will grow and prosper with loose enforcement of the laws.

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