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The Element Project

The Element Project. January 13, 2010 . By: Robert Carpenter. Polonium. Poland . Metal Metalloid Chalcogen. Number of Neutrons 125. Atomic Number Number of Protons and Electrons . 84 Po Polonium (209). Symbol . Name of the Element. Atomic Mass. Group 16. Period 6.

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The Element Project

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  1. The Element Project January 13, 2010 By: Robert Carpenter

  2. Polonium Poland • Metal • Metalloid • Chalcogen

  3. Number of Neutrons • 125 • Atomic Number • Number of Protons and Electrons 84 Po Polonium (209) • Symbol • Name of the Element • Atomic Mass

  4. Group 16 Period 6

  5. Physical Properties • Melting Point – • 254 Degrees Celsius • COLOR • Varies • Unknown • Blue Glow • Silvery -Gray • Solid at Room Temperature • Mohs • Boiling Point- • 962 Degrees Celsius Crystalline Structure: Monoclinic

  6. Chemical Properties • Very Volatile • About ½ of a sample evaporate within 3 days in the open • Energy of 1st Ionization • 2.0 • Electron gravity • 813.0kJ.mol-1 • VERY RADIOACTIVE

  7. [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p4 Electron Configuration

  8. Example How it Reacts • Polonium reacts under controlled conditions with the halogens chlorine, Cl2, bromine, Br2, and iodine, I2, to form the polonium (IV) chlrode, polonium(IV) bromide, and polonium(IV) iodide. • Po(s) + 2Cl2(g) → PoCl4(s) [yellow] • Po(s) + 2Br2(g) → PoBr4(s) [red] • Po(s) + 2I2(g) → PoI4(s) [black] • Reactions with air Polonium burns in air to form polonium(IV) dioxide.    Po(s) + 2O2(g)PO2(s) • Polonium burns in air to form the solid dioxide polonium(IV) oxide, PoO2. • With 6M HCl ; mild= PoCl2 Po(s) + 2O2(g) → PoO2(s)

  9. To eliminate static electricity in machinery • Polonium and Beryllium = Neutron sources Uses of Polonium • In brushes for removing dust from photographic films, although the polonium must be carefully sealed to protect the user from contamination • Thermoelectric Power • Used in space satellites

  10. July 1898 • Radium How did Polonium come alive…? • Mme. Marie Sklodowska Curie and (husband) Pierre Curie • Polish Chemist • While seeking Pitchblende

  11. Say What? • peh-LOW-ni-em That is Weird? • Estimated Oceanic Abundance : 1.5 x 10-14 http://www.webelements.com/polonium/crystal_structure.html http://www.webelements.com/polonium/biology.html

  12. Polonium-209 is available from Oak Ridge National Laboratory at the cost of about $3200 per microcurie. • Very Dangerous That is Weird? • 30 Isotopes • More than any other element. • Estimated Crustal Abundance : • 2 x 10-10 milligrams per kilogram

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