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Disability Statistics in Egypt By Dr. Bothaina EL- Deeb

Explore sources of data on disability in Egypt, limitations, and reasons for inaccuracies. Table comparisons of disabled persons and prevalence rates in 1947, 1960, 1976, and 1996. Learn about different types of impairments and their distribution. Discover relevant statistics from other countries and regions. Examine objectives and outcomes of a meeting on disability measurement in ESCWA countries.

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Disability Statistics in Egypt By Dr. Bothaina EL- Deeb

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  1. Disability Statistics in Egypt ByDr. Bothaina EL- Deeb

  2. Sources of data on disability in Egypt and its limitation Sources : 1. Censuses 2. Sample Surveys Population censuses: Egypt has a national census every 10 years since 1907 containing data on disability. The results of 1947, 1960, 1976 and 1996 censuses included data on disability. The census provides data about the categories of disabled persons, classified according to type, age, sex distribution. Education, work status and occupational status are also available for disabled persons

  3. Year Number of disable persons Disable persons prevalence per 100 population Males Females Total Males Females Total 1947 116621 83828 200449 1.44 1.01 1.22 1960 143073 113126 256199 1.09 0.88 0.99 1976 82905 28419 111324 0.44 016 0.30 1996 183391 101484 284875 0.60 0.35 0.48 Table 1: Disable Persons and Prevalence per 100 Population by Sex, Egypt in 1947, 1960, 1976 and 1996

  4. Reasons for the inaccuracy of the results concerning the disability could be as follows: A- Prevailing customs and traditions, whereby some families are unable for various social reasons to admit cases of disability, particularly when the disabled persons are females B- The low educational levels of some families, which makes them unlike to admit that there are any disabled persons in the family

  5. C- The failure of the media to explain disability and the services provided to disable persons by the community. As a result, the family has no wish to report the existence of disable persons because it thinks that to do so is neither important nor useful D- A lack of awareness on the part of some of those responsible for the collection of data with respect to the importance of accurate information on the situation, characteristics, abilities and requirements of disabled persons in the community. They, therefore, fail to obtain correct data in this field

  6. E- The fact that the general population census questionnaire does not include categories of disability, which, if include, might affect the number of disabled persons. These categories include psychiatric disorders, epilepsy, learning disabilities, certain chronic diseases, etc.; F- The unclear definitions and explanations relating to the categories of disability covered by the questionnaire.

  7. Table 2: Percent distribution of Disabled Persons by Type of Disability in 1996 Type M F T 1-Blind 10.7 11.1 10.8 2-Lose of one eye 1.8 1.3 1.6 3-Deaf-dumb 3.1 3.5 3.2 4-Deaf 1.6 1.9 1.7 5-Dumb 3.9 4.6 4.2 6- Lose of one or both arms 2.1 0.6 1.6 7-Lose of one or both legs 4.1 1.4 3.2 8- Mental Retardation 17.5 15.3 16.7 9-Poliomyelitis 12.8 12.1 12.5 10-Paralysis total or partial 19.4 17.6 18.7 11-Other disabilities 23.1 30.6 25.8 Total 100 100 100

  8. Type of impairment Percent distribution of disabled persons by type of impairment Prevalence rate per 100,000 population Males Females Males Females All 27.6 34.7 451 392 Sensory Visual 16.9 21.8 276 246 Hearing/Speech 10.7 12.9 174 146 All 31.3 26.8 510 303 Physical Upper Limb 4.1 2.8 66 32 Lower limb 7.1 4.1 115 46 Paralysis 20.1 19.9 329 225 Mental 10.1 9.5 164 107 Other 31.0 29.0 507 328 Total 100.0 100.0 1632 1130 Other Sources of Disability in Egypt Table 3: percent distribution of disabled persons by type of disability, and type- specific prevalence rates per 100,000 persons, according to sex, Egypt MCHS 1991

  9. Disability Statistics in the ESCWA Region Bahrain 1995 1.5        Bahrain 1991 0.8        Bahrain 1981 1.0        Egypt 1996 0.5        Egypt 1991 1.6        Egypt 1976 0.3     Gaza Strip 1996 2.1        Iraq 1977 0.9

  10. Disability Statistics in the ESCWA Region Jordan 1994 1.2     Jordan 1991 2.6 Kuwait 1996 1.1     Kebebib 1994 1.0     Oman 1995 2.4     Oman 1993 1.9      Palestine 1997 1.8

  11. Disability Statistics in the ESCWA Region  Qatar 1998 1.0   Qatar 1996 0.2    Saudi Arabia 1996 1.6   Syrian Arab Rep. 1993 0.8   Syrian Arab Rep. 1981 1.0 Syrian Arab Rep. 1970 1.0 United Arab Emirates 1995 1.1 Yemen 1994 0.5

  12. Disability Statistics in the Caribbean Region Aruba 1991 5.5  Bahamas 1990 1.5  Belize 1991 6.6 Bermuda 1991 7.6 Jamaica 1991 4.8 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 1991 7.2

  13. Disability Statistics in Selected Developed Countries Australia 1998 19.3    Canada 1991 15.5   New Zealand 1996 20.0    United Kingdom 1991 12.2   United States 1994 15.0    United States 1990 10.0

  14. Meeting on a Core Set of Census Questions and DisabilityMeasurement for ESCWA countries Cairo, 1-12 June 2002

  15. Objectives of the meetingDisability Measurement - To agree on a regional common approach to collect disability data on censuses - To initiate a dialogue in the region between census managers and users of disability statistics on how best a census can be utilized to collect data on persons with disabilities

  16. - To introduce countries to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) and discuss its use as conceptual framework for collecting census data on disability - To introduce the countries of the region to the work of the Washington City Group on Disability Statistics

  17. Recommendations of the Cairo Meeting (1-5) June 2002 on disability statistics In order to have more accurate data on disability we need:

  18. Interviewer Training for: • Improve reporting on disability status •     Minimize non-response •     Minimize stereotyping •     Improve quality of data collected •     Training in probing techniques

  19. Sensitivity Training about: How to ask questions on disability • How to cope with listening to people • talk about their disability • Attitude in dealing with persons with • disabilities-no prejudice

  20. Issues to be Considered by Interviewers • Establishing trust is vital for quality responses • Be sensitive to the language you use • Treat persons with disabilities as you would treat anyone else • Language (Use of negative and derogatory terms) • Do not make assumptions about a person’s disability • Do not make assumptions about the person based on their • observed disability That they can not answer questions • because of the disability

  21. Questions recommended to be used in the ESCWA Countries

  22. Question design • The question should be phrased in the context • of health • The question should relate to each person and • not to the household in general • The question should include a reference to a • duration (long-term disability) • The wording of the question should relate to • the Activities/participation outcome

  23. Conclusions: Census Question Question design • The wording of the question should include simple • language and should avoid the use of negative terms • The term disability should be avoided in the formulation • of the question and in the conversation between the • interviewer and the respondent • The “filter” question should be very simple and short • Multiscale response categories should be considered

  24. Conclusions: Census Question In the context of an health condition that lasts for 6 months or more, does… have any difficulty in performing usual activities? yes often yes sometimes no

  25. Conclusions: Census Question In which area does… have this difficulty? (all that apply) • Hearing Speaking • Seeing Learning • Moving around • Self-care • Other…

  26. Conclusions: Census Question What is the main cause of difficulty? • Congenital/prenatal • Diseases/illness • Injury/accidents/trauma • Aging • Other

  27. Thank you and Happy New Year Thank you and Happy New Year Thank you and Happy New Year Thank you and Happy New Year

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