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Types of Claims (319-324). By: Aaron Michaels. Types of Claims. Fact Value Policy. Claim of Facts. Statement about something real Can be proven correct or incorrect Relies on claim’s accuracy Make sure support is complete. Data
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Types of Claims (319-324) By: Aaron Michaels
Types of Claims • Fact • Value • Policy
Claim of Facts • Statement about something real • Can be proven correct or incorrect • Relies on claim’s accuracy • Make sure support is complete Data The number of trucking accidents has increased 10% in the last year Claim Roadways have become more dangerous in the last year Warrant The number of accidents shows issues with safety
Claim of Fact (Cont.) Data The number of unqualified truckers has doubled in the last 10 years Claim Roadways have become more dangerous in the ten last year Reservation/Rebuttal Unless the total number of accidents and deaths has decreased in the last 10 years Warrant The chances of being in a accident on a roadway has increased in the last 10 years
Claim of Fact (Cont.) • Past – near or distant past U.S. immigration reached its peak in the early 20th Century • Present – current condition Unemployment is down from six months ago • Future – prediction The United States will not elect a woman president or vice president before the turn of the century
Values • Represents judgment about the world • Cannot be verified • Make relative judgment about what is good and bad • Example – sacrificing personal freedom for safety (traffic road blocks for drunk drivers)
Four types of Values • Moral – relate to judgment about what’s right or wrong • Artistic – affects the way people answer such questions as what is beautiful or ugly • Political – refer to those things that are thought to be important within the governmental structure • Pragmatic – refer to being practical or impractical Data Abortion is killing of a embryo or fetus Claim Abortion is morally wrong Warrant Killing someone is murder
Claims of Policy • Statement about what should be done or how it should be done • Usually built around claim of fact and value Data Unit 5’s total GPA has increased for each class Claim Mandatory study halls are working Warrant GPA is an indicator that study halls work
Questions • What are the three types of claims? • What are the four types of values? • What claim can be proven correct/incorrect?