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GENGHIS KHAN

GENGHIS KHAN. Early Life . Genghis Khan was born close to the border of modern Mongolia and Siberia around 1162. He was the son of Yesukhei , a chief of a minor Borjigin tribe, who kidnapped her mother Hoelun and was forced to a marriage.

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GENGHIS KHAN

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  1. GENGHIS KHAN

  2. Early Life • Genghis Khan was born close to the border of modern Mongolia and Siberia around 1162. • He was the son of Yesukhei, a chief of a minor Borjigin tribe, who kidnapped her mother Hoelun and was forced to a marriage. • Also known as “Temujin”, he experienced a rough childhood amidst the violence and continuous battle among tribes. • According to the “Secret History of the Mongols” (an oldest account of Mongol History), he was born with a blood-clot in his hand which symbolized a great leader and a warrior.

  3. Continuation… • When he was 9, Genghis’ father was poisoned to death by a rival Tatar tribe. • He regained his position as a tribe leader when he killed his older half-brother Bekhter. • In 1178, at the age of 16, Temujin married Borte with whom he had four sons and thus cementing the alliance between Konkirat tribe and his own.

  4. Uniting the Mongols

  5. Continuation… • After rescuing his wife Borte from her captivity to the Merkit tribe, Temujin began his slow ascent to power by building competent allies. • He build his own well-trained army and used a special military tactics to defeat his enemy tribes. • By 1205, Temujin vanquished his rivals and he managed to subdue the Merkits, Naimans, Mongols, Tatars, Keraits, Uyghursa and other nomadic tribes under his rule. • He was acknowledged as “Chinggis Khan” (Genghis Khan) by Mongol leaders which means “Universal Ruler”.

  6. Weapons and Tactics • Mongol soldier typically maintained 3 to 4 horses for travelling. • Every soldier was fully equipped with bow, arrows, shield, dagger, and lasso.

  7. Continuation… • They cornered their enemies by skillfully surrounding and eliminating them.

  8. Conquest of the Universal Ruler • After establishing the Mongol empire, he started the Mongol invasion and raids of the Kara-Khitan Khanate, Caucasus, Khwarezmid Empire, Western Xia and Jin dynasties which eventually occupied a substantial portion of Central Asia. • When Genghis Khan returned to Mongolia in 1225, he reign a large territory from the Sea of Japan to Caspian Sea. • In 1227, Genghis conquered the XiaXia Kingdom which had refused to contribute troops to the Khwarezm invasion.

  9. Continuation… • He died on August 18, 1227 after the submission of Xi Xia. • Historians didn’t know specifically how he died but some believed he fell of a horse to the ground while he was on his campaign which caused internal injuries and his health never recovered from it. • His burial site was never found.

  10. Genghis Khan’s Death and his Legacy

  11. Continuation… • The present tomb of Genghis Khan is just a symbol of his burial place.

  12. Before Genghis Khan’s death, assigned Ogedei Khan as his supreme succesor and split his empire into khanates among his sons and grandsons. • His descendants continue to stretch the Mongol Empire and lasted in 1920. • Genghis’ youngest son, Kublai Khan, was made the Great Khan and emperor of Yuan Dynasty of China.

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