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Fermilab Plan at the Intensity Frontier

Learn about Project X at Fermilab, a high-intensity proton facility aligning with ILC technologies for groundbreaking energy frontier research beyond the LHC.

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Fermilab Plan at the Intensity Frontier

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  1. Fermilab Planat the Intensity Frontier Young-Kee Kim Fermilab Users Meeting June 4-5, 2008

  2. Fermilab Steering Group • Formation of the Steering Group • By Pier Oddone to develop a roadmap for the accelerator based HEP program at Fermilab - Mar. 22, 2007 • Report • http://www.fnal.gov/directorate/Longrange/Steering_Public • Internal Report to Oddone - Aug. 7, 2007 • Final Report - Sep. 18, 2007 • Presentation to P5 - Sep. 24, 2007 • Presentation to HEPAP - Nov. 29, 2007 • Presentation to “New” P5 - Jan. 31, 2008

  3. Received 17++ proposals Engaged HEP Community in SG Process 2nd face-to-face meeting at Fermilab, July 9-10, 2007

  4. The Steering Group Proposed Project X, a high Intensity Proton Facility, if ILC timeline is stretched significantly • Enabling world-leading programs • Aligning with ILC technologies • Advancing energy frontier accelerator technology beyond the LHC and the ILC http://www.fnal.gov/pub/directorate/steering/index.shtml

  5. Sketch of Integrated Plan (Sept. 18, 2007) Project X Precision Phase I Precision Phase II extremely tiny q13 DUSEL + n Factory Muon collider R&D for future energy frontier colliders 6D m cooling + … works 4D m cooling + … works LHC including Upgrades, Particle Astrophysics (including Dark Matter and Dark Energy) ILC R&D, EDR, Engineering, Decision, Industrialization, Construction, Running NOvA (0.7 MW) (1.2 MW) A Large Detector at DUSEL for Neutrinos and Proton Decay ILC baseline large q13 SNuMI small q13 Proj. X R&D ILC cavities & Cryomodules, Overall Design +2 yrs +5 yrs tiny q13

  6. Evolutionary Path to “m+m- Collider” RLA Linac 2 detector  Muon Collider RLA Linac 1 Project X -factory beam MCTF Final Cooling

  7. Tools for Particle Physics at Fermilab Tevatron (CDF, DZero) LHC (Accelerator, CMS) ILC R&D m Collider R&D Project X for Physics of Flavor Energy Frontier Main Injector Protons MINOS NOvA MINERvA Booster Protons MiniBooNE SciBooNE Intensity Frontier Non-accelerator based SDSS, Pierre Auger, CDMS, COUPP, DES, SNAP R&D Each is a world-leading project!

  8. We are doing extremely well! • AIP’s Ten Top Physics Stories for 2007 • Three out of ten are from HEP: • The Energy Frontier: The Tevatron • in its quest to observe the Higgs boson, updated the top quark mass and observed several new types of collision events, such as those in which only a single top quark is made, and those in which a W and Z boson or two Z bosons are made simultaneously. http://www.aip.org/pnu/2007/split/821-1.html • The Intensity Frontier: The MiniBooNE Experiment • solves a neutrino mystery, apparently dismissing the possibility of a fourth species of neutrino.http://www.aip.org/pnu/2007/split/820-1.html • The Cosmic Frontier: The Auger Observatory • Based on data recorded at the Auger Observatory, astronomers conclude that the highest energy cosmic rays come from active galactic nuclei. http://www.aip.org/pnu/2007/split/846-1.html

  9. High Intensity Proton Accelerator: Project X8 GeV ILC-like Linac + Recycler + Main Injector National Project with International Collaboration 8 GeV ILC-like Linac 9mA x 1msec x 5Hz Recycler: 100-200 kW at 8 GeV for precision measuremtns Main Injector: >2 MW at 60-120 GeV for neutrinos

  10. Project X: Proton Beam Power Available 8 GeV Protons with 120GeV MI protons Main Injector Protons Possible path w/ MI upgrade 200 kW (Project X) 0* (SNuMI) 16 kW (NuMI-NOvA) 17 kW (NuMI-MINOS) 35-year-old injection (technical risk) Power and Flexibility SNuMI NuMI (NOvA) NuMI (MINOS) * Protons could be made available at the expense of 120 GeV power.

  11. High Intensity Proton Accelerator: Project Xhigh duty factor, high availability, good beam structure Stretcher Possibilities: Accumulator / Debuncher, Recycler, Tevatron 8 GeV ILC-like Linac Recycler: 100-200 kW at 8 GeV for precision measuremtns Main Injector: >2 MW at 60-120 GeV for neutrinos Project X: Naming Contest http://www.fnal.gov/directorate/Longrange/Steering_Public/Name-ProjectX.html

  12. Physics of Flavor • Flavor phenomena • Essential to shaping physics beyond the SM. • SM is incomplete: • Neutrino Masses (flavor) • The only new physics seen so far in the laboratory • Baryon Asymmetry of the Universe (flavor) • Dark Matter • Dark Energy • Inflation

  13. Neutrinos The enigmatic neutrinos are among the most abundant of the particles that make up our universe. To understand the universe, must understand neutrinos. Behavior is so different from other particles. Opening a “new” window

  14. Neutrinos • Neutrino masses • via the See-Saw mechanism, point to new physics at a very high mass scale (unification scale). • Baryon Asymmetry of the Universe • Possible scenarios as the source • Electroweak baryogenesis – LHC and ILC. • Leptogenesis – Neutrino CP violation would support it. • The Four Measurements • value of sin22q13 • Are neutrino masses Dirac or Majorana? • Is the mass ordering normal or inverted? • CP violation

  15. Muons g In SM W- nm ne m- e- x Umi U*ei virtual n mixing • can be real (m eg) or virtual(m + neucleus  e + neucleus) Experimental reach ~ 10-13 (m eg), 10-17 (mN  eN) 3a Dm21i 32p M2W S U*miUei 2 i= 2,3 Br(m  eg) = < 10-54 Neutrinos change from one kind to another. Do charged leptons do, too?

  16. Muons: m to e Conv.(mN  eN) in New Physics Supersymmetry Heavy Neutrinos Compositeness Second Higgs Doublet Leptoquark Heavy Z’ Anomal. Z Coupling MLQ = 3000 (lmdled)1/2 TeV/c2 Lc ~ 3000 TeV rate ~ 10-15 LQ g(Hme) ~ 10-4g(Hmm) |UmNUeN|2 ~ 8x10-13 MZ’ = 3000 TeV/c2

  17. Kaons: Rare Decays Standard Model Br(K+  p+nn) = 8 x 10-11 Br(KL  p0nn) = 3 x 10-11 W W • An almost-Minimal Flavor Violation World • Measuring small deviations from SM is important. • Experimental focus: • Theoretically & experimentally clean – a few % uncertainty • ~1,000 clean Kaon events with Project X

  18. Muons g-2 TeV-based Neutrinos - Electroweak Precision Charms D0 – D0 mixing New Physics in Other Precision Meas.s Z’ Oblique Sterile NuTeV Corrections Mixing Anomaly?

  19. Precision Meas.s: Energy – Intensity Connection ~ c E Energy Frontier Facility Intensity Frontier Facility The Flavor Sector Mixings, Masses, CPV, FCNC, LFV, … The Gauge Sector Higgs EWSB EWSB – Flavor Intimate Relationship: No EWSB  fermions degenerate  no visible flavor effect Intensity Frontier can probe new physics at a scale >> TeV scale.

  20. Opportunities with Project X Energy Frontier Neutrinos: Oscillation (International Collaboration) ILC • Muons • e conv. g-2 Project X Muon Collider Kaons K+ p+nn KL p0nn Antiprotons Hyperon CP Antihydrogen CPT Charm Mixing, CP n’s EWK Neutrino Factory One lab. or one country can not do all. Need international coordination & collab.

  21. Intensity Frontier Visionat Fermilab a phased approach with ever increasing beam intensities and ever increasing detector capabilities

  22. Input to P5 • 1st P5 meeting at Fermilab (Jan. 31 – Feb. 2) • Program with a High Intensity Proton Source • Physics and Experiments: Golden Book • http://www.fnal.gov/directorate/Longrange/Steering_Public/P5.html • Accelerator R&D Plan: http://projectx.fnal.gov/RnDplan • 2nd P5 meeting at SLAC (Feb. 21 – 23) • Neutrinos: NOvA, Longer baseline, x-sections, Interactions

  23. P5 Roadmap for Funding Scenario B

  24. The Intensity Frontier: Present Sudan 17 kW at 8 GeV for Neutrinos MiniBooNE SciBooNE Tevatron Collider MINOS 250 kW at 120 GeV for Neutrinos MINOS: best measurement of Dm223; could provide an early glimpse on q13 MiniBooNE, SciBooNE: probe neutrino parameters; measure neutrino x-sections

  25. The Intensity Frontier: Future Sudan 16 kW at 8 GeV for Precision Measurements MINOS NOvA MINERvA 700 kW at 120 GeV for Neutrinos MINERvA: measure neutrino cross-sections (above 1 GeV) to high precision NOvA: provide the first glimpse of the mass hierarchy for large q13 - the only near term probe of hierarchy in the world; great sensitivity to q13

  26. The Intensity Frontier: Future Sudan 16 kW at 8 GeV for Precision Measurements MINOS NOvA MINERvA DUSEL 700 kW at 120 GeV for Neutrinos Precision Measurements: Machine Experiments Interface Study Group formed to define and clarify beam requirements and the usage of the existing rings Neutrinos to DUSEL: DUSEL Beamline Working Group formed to develop a conceptual plan of the beamline (beam extraction, civil construction, targeting, beamline optics / components / instrumentation, near detector hall)

  27. The Intensity Frontier: Future Recycler: upto 200 kW at 8 GeV for Precision Measurements Sudan NOvA 8 GeV ILC-like Linac DUSEL Main Injector: >2 MW at 60-120 GeV for Neutrinos First workshop: Nov 12-13, 2007R&D Plan: http://projectx.fnal.gov/RnDplan/CD-0: ~FY09, CD-1: ~FY10, CD-2: ~FY12Draft MOU circulating to possible collaborating institutions.Collaboration meeting in late summer / early fall

  28. NOvA (off-axis) MINOS (on-axis) NSF’s proposed Underground Lab. DUSEL 735 km Huge n Detector 1300 km  Proton Decay, Supernova MiniBooNE SciBooNE MINERvA Powerful Beam (Project X)

  29. Water Cerenkov Known technology Liquid Argon TPCs Great promise (x 3-4) Neutrino / Proton Decay “Massive” Detectors Options under consideration: ~300 kt WC, ~100 kt LAr, or some combination of the two. Fermilab supports both technologies.

  30. LAr R&D / Physics Program Purity, electronics development Underground safety, cryo operation, TPC performance, reconstruction Beam ne, g/p0 sep. Cold electronics, evacuation requirement, Tank construction, insulation Low E excess, cross sections Underground operation, Technical & cost scaling or Homestake q13, mass hierarchy Supported by External Review, will be reviewed by PAC 0.5 ton 100-200 ton 5 kt

  31. The 3s Reach of the Successive Phases sin22q13 Mass Ordering CP Violation Phase 1 1.5 2 3

  32. 1st Meetinga Large DUSEL Detector“S-4 Collaboration”Fermilab, June 20, 2008

  33. mu2e Muon Beam and Detector for every incident proton 0.0025 m-’s are stopped in the 17 0.2 mm Al target foils LOI submitted Proposal for Stage 1 Approval expected Fall 2008 MECO spectrometer design

  34. mu2e can probe 103 – 104 TeV. New Physics Scale (TeV) Project X •  e Conv. Expt. at Fermilab MEG Experiment SUSY Compositeness Model Parameter

  35. Continue to work with the communityin developing the planPhysics and Experiments3rd Workshop on Physics with a High Intensity Proton Source June 5-6, 2008 in One WestOrganized by Fermilab Users and Fermilabhttp://www.fnal.gov/directorate/Longrange/Steering_Public/workshop-program-3rd.htmlGoal: Understand the implication of the P5 reportFurther develop future programs aligned with P5 roadmap Thursday 6pm: Town Meeting w/ Baltay,Dehmer,Kovar,Oddone Friday: A Series of talks by leaders of proposed experiments

  36. Fermilab’s Scientific Programenabling our community to address the compelling questions in Particle and Particle Astrophysics. Fermilab looks forward to an exciting program for many decades to come.

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