Gerunds and infinitive

1. Gerundsandinfinitive A fewverbscantakeaninfinitiveor –ingformbutthemeaning is different:

2. TRY • A) Ifyou TRY DOING something, you do it in order to seewhathappens, it’slikeanexperience: • He triedringingthebell, buttherewas no answer. • Theytriedphoningyoulastnight, but I guessyouweren’tat home. • B) Ifyou TRY TO DO something, youattempt it but do notnecessarilyachieve it: • He tried to reachthenextbranch, but it wastoohigh. • I tried to phoneyoulastnight, butyoudidn’tanswermycall.

3. STOP • A) Ifyou STOP DOING something, you do not do it anylonger, youstopdoing for good, youdon’t do it any more: • Theystoppedtalkingwhentheteacherwalkedintotheroom. • Mygrandfatherstopped smoking becauseit’sharmful for hisheart. • B) Ifyoustop TO DO something, youstop in order to do somethingelse: • Shestopped to admire theflowersbecauseshehad to catch the bus. • Myfatherstoped to eat to answerhismobilephone.

4. Remember • A) Ifyou REMEMBER DOING something, youhaveanimageofdoing it in yourmind, it’ssomethingthatyoudid in thepastand comes to yourmind in thepresent. It’susuallyused in thepast: • I rememberedwatchingcartoonswhen I was a child. • It canalsobeused in the future whenyousaythatyou’llalwaysrememberthat in the future: • I’llalwaysrememberflying in a plane for thefirst time. • Mysisterwillremembergraduatingonherfirstcollege. • B) Ifyou REMEMBER TO DO something, yousosomethingwich is onyour mental listofthings to do: • Didi youremember to close thedoor? • He remembers to washhishandbeforethemeals.

5. GO ON • A) Ifyou GO ON DOING something, you continue doing it, it doesn’tmeanthatyou do it forever, it’ssomethingyoukeepdoing for a long time: • Theywentontalking oh thephone for hours. • My brother cangoondrivingallnight long. • B) Ifyou GO ON TO DO something, you move fromoneaction to another, youstopdoingsomething to do another: • I wasdoingmyhomeworkand I wenton to have a cupofcoffee.

6. VERB + Infinitive • Agree • Dare • Decide • Expect • Fail • Happen • Hope • Manage • Mean • Offer • Prepare • Pretend • Promise • Refuse • Seem • want

7. VERB + ING Form • Avoid • Can’t face • Can’t help • Can’t stand • Don’tmind • Enjoy • Fancy • Feellike • Finish • Giveup • Imagine • Keep • Postpone • Practise • Put off • Recommend • Risk • Spend time • suggest

8. VERB+ INFINITIVE or –ING FORM (samemeaning) • Begin • Continue • Hate • Like • Love • Prefer • Start

9. More uses withInfinitivewith “to” • After: thefirst, thelaste, thenext. • Mary wasthefirst to jumpon a parachute in thegroup. • Peter is alwaysthelast to arrive. • I amthenext to getmypassport. • After: adjectives: • I’mhappy to seeyouagain • After: questionswords: • I don’tknowwhat to say • After: want/wouldlike: • I want to help you. • I wouldlike to gowithyou.

10. Have a look: • Remember + Gerund ( lembranças do passado) • I rememberdoingthisexercise • Shewillalwaysrememberwatchingcartoons. • Remember + Infinitive ( ações no futuro) • Will theyremember to call me? • I won’tremember to sendyou a letter. • Stop + Gerund ( terminar ou abandonar uma ação) • Myfatherhasstoppeddrivingatnight. • Stop + Infinitive ( parar para executar uma nova ação) • I stopped to talkonthephoneandgot in thetrain. • Try + Gerund ( experimentar; executar uma ação para ver qual será o resultado) • I’vetriedlearningSpanish Try + Infinitive ( tentar algo; descobrir se algo é possível) I tried to callyoulastnight.

11. Infinitivewithout “to” • After modal verbs: can, could, may. might, must, mustn’t, shall, should, will, would. • Afterthefollowingexpressions: hadbetter, wouldrather, whynot, whyshouldwe: • Youhadbettercleanupyourroom. • Whynotasksomeoneelse? • Afterthe “feeling” verbs: feel, hear, notice, see, watch: • Shefeelstherainfallonher face. • I heard Peter sing a song. • Theysawhimclimbuptheroof. • He watchedthethievessteal a car.

12. Hopeyouenjoy it!!!