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Bi-doped Fiber Lasers: Opportunities and Challenges

Bi-doped Fiber Lasers: Opportunities and Challenges. E. M. Dianov Fiber Optics Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences , 38 Vavilov str., Moscow 119 333 , Russia . Outline. Introduction Spectroscopic properties of Bi-doped glasses and optical fibers

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Bi-doped Fiber Lasers: Opportunities and Challenges

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  1. Bi-doped Fiber Lasers: Opportunities and Challenges E. M. Dianov Fiber Optics Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilov str., Moscow 119333, Russia.

  2. Outline • Introduction • Spectroscopic properties of Bi-doped glassesand optical fibers • Bi-doped fiber lasers (1140-1215nm) • Bi-doped fiber lasers (1300-1500 nm) • Nature of Bi-related luminescent centers • Conclusion

  3. Волоконные лазеры Преимущества: • эффективность (более 30%) • качество пучка • надежность и простота в эксплуатации • размеры и вес рынок волоконных лазеров в 2007 году - 240106 долларов США ожидается удвоение рынка в 2011 году 1 кВт

  4. Spectral regions of the existing fiber lasers

  5. Transmission and luminescence spectra of Bi-doped silica glass (Fujimoto and Nakatsuka, 2001) 97.5SiO2-2.2Al2O3-0.3Bi2O3

  6. Luminescence properties of various Bi-doped materials • lp, le – pump and emission peak wavelengths, t – lifetime of Bi luminescence.

  7. The first low loss Bi-doped optical fibers:V.V.Dvoyrin et al., (FORC, ICHPS), ECOC’2005T.Haruna et al., (Sumitomo), OAA’2005 Compositions of fabricated fibers and their absorption spectra (FORC)

  8. Compositions of fabricated fibers and their luminescence spectra

  9. Sumitomo Luminescence spectra of Bi-doped silica glass and MCVD fibers pumped at 800 nm.

  10. E.M.Dianov et al. “CW bismuth fiber laser”, Quant. Electron. 2005; OFC’2006 E.M.Dianov et al. “Yellow frequency-doubled bismuth fiber laser”, ECOC’2006 V.V.Dvoyrin et al. “Yb-Bi pulsed fiber laser”, Opt.Lett., 2007. A.A.Krylov et al., “A mode-locked Bi-doped fiber laser”, OFC’2007. E.M.Dianov et al. “High-power CW bismuth fiber laser”, OFC’2007, JOSA B, 2007. I.Razdobreev et al. “Efficient all-fiber bismuth-doped fiber laser”, Appl. Phys. Lett., 2007 A.B.Rulkov et al. “Narrow-line 1178 nm CW bismuth –doped fiber laser with 6.4 W output for direct frequency doubling”, Opt. Express, 2007. V.V.Dvoyrin et al. “Effective Bi fiber lasers”, IEEE J.QE, 2008. V.M. Mashinsky, V.V. Dvoyrin, E.M. Dianov. “New Results on the Efficiency of Bismuth Fiber Lasers”, OFC’2008. S. Yoo et al. “Bismuth-doped Fiber laser at 1.16 mm”, CLEO/QELS’2008. S. Kivistö et al. “Tunable mode-locked bismuth-doped soliton fiber laser”, submitted to Electron. Lett., 2008. Bi-doped fiber lasers (1140-1215 nm)

  11. Scheme of a Bi-doped fiber laser and the absorption spectrum of the Bi-doped fiber used Bi-doped fiber: lc=1.1 mm; Mode field diameter- 6.8 mm, bismuth concentration - < 210-2 at%, l=50-80 m, lp=1070 and 1085 nm

  12. Efficiency of the Bi-doped fiber laser for four wavelengths and the output spectrum for l=1215 nm

  13. Output power of the Bi-fiber laser against the fiber temperature at the pump power of 8W

  14. Averaged optical losses of the same Bi-doped fiber against launched power at different temperatures

  15. 15W CW bismuth fiber laser Bandwidth of the Bi laser radiation vs. the output power of the Bi laser.

  16. Frequency-doubled bismuth fiber laser Motivation: medicine, astrophysics PPLN (Global Fiberoptics, Ltd) Output spectrum of yellow light

  17. Желтый лазер AlInGaAs/InP

  18. Bi-doped fibers for the 1300-1500 nm spectral region Dianov et al. “Luminescence and lasing of Bi-doped fibers in a spectral region of 1300-1520 nm”, submitted to OFC’2009.

  19. Emission and gain spectra of PGSB fibers Variation of the on/off gain with signal wavelength for a PGSB fiber pumped at 3 fiber length L=30 m lp=1230 nm and 4 fiber length L=13 m lp =808 nm. Emission spectra of PGSB fibers pumped 1 at lp=1230 nm and 2lp=808 nm;

  20. Output emission spectra of Bi-doped fiber lasers I.A. Bufetov et al. “Bi-doped fiber lasers and amplifiers for a spectral region of 1300–1470 nm”, Opt. Lett., 33, 2227-2229 (2008)

  21. Output power of BFLsas a function of absorbed pump power at T=300K The efficiency of the laser at T=77K is shown in brackets.

  22. What is a nature of Bi-related centers emitting in near IR? • Bi5+ - Fujimoto and Nakatsuka, 2001 • Bi+ - X. Meng et al., 2005 • BiO – J. Ren et al., 2006 • Bi2, Bi2-, Bi22- - Khonthon et al., 2007; Sokolov et al., 2008

  23. Sh.Zhou et al, Bi-doped Nanoporous Silica Glass, Adv. Funct. Mater., 18, 1407, 2008 glass A (air) lp=280nm, le=465nm (Bi3+) glass B (argon) lp=280nm, le=465nm (Bi3+)lp=483nm, le=590nm (Bi2+) lp=532nm, 980nm, le=1100nm (Bi+?) lp=800nm, le=1400nm (Bi+?) glass C (hidrogen) no emission

  24. Extinction coefficient of Mg-Al-Si glass at the peak wavelength 500 nm versus Bi2O3 concentration B.Denker et al., ”Absorption and emission properties of Bi-doped Mg-Al-Si oxide glass system”, submitted to Appl. Phys. Lett., (2008).

  25. Fluorescence spectra are vertically shifted forclarity; fluorescence intensity is about zero at 1800 nm for all samples. M.Yu. Sharonov et al. „Spectroscopic study of optical centers formed in Bi-, Pb-, Sb-, Sn-, Te-, and In-doped germinate glasses“, Opt. Lett., vol. 33, pp. 2131-2133, 2008

  26. Conclusion • Demonstration of Bi-doped fiber laser generation in a spectral region of 1140-1500 nm represents a significant milestone towards producing efficient fiber lasers and wideband optical amplifiers for this spectral region. • Unforeseen properties of Bi in glasses might hinder development of practical Bi-doped fiber lasers and amplifiers. • Further vast fundamental researches of properties of Bi in glasses are necessary.

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