Review of Roots 271-280

1. Review of Roots 271-280 Test over All 280 Roots: Tomorrow (Friday, December 4th)

2. 271. “vic”

3. 271. “vic” = substitute/change

4. 271. “vic” : substitute/change Example A • vicarious (adjective): felt or undergone as if one were taking part in the experience or feelings of another • Etymology: Latin “vicārius” = substituted from “vicis” = interchange

5. 271. “vic”: substitute/change Example A • Usage: “I watched the roller coaster video and experienced vicarious thrills.”

6. 271. “vic”: substitute/change Example B • vicissitude(noun): a change or variation; one of the sudden or unexpected changes or shifts often encountered in one's life, activities, or surroundings • Etymology: Latin “vicissitude,” from “vicissim,” in turn, probably from “vices,” pl. of “vix” = change

7. 271. “vic”: substitute/change Example B Usage: “Old age is not a disease. It is strength and survivorship, triumph over all kinds of vicissitudes and disappointments, trials and illnesses.” (Maggie Kuhn)

8. 272. “vice”

9. 272. “vice” : substitute/change

10. 272. “vice” : substitute/change Example A • vice president (noun): an officer ranking next below a president, usually empowered to assume the president's duties under conditions such as absence, illness, or death. • etymology: Latin “vice” = substituted/changed

11. 272. “vice”: substitute Example A Usage: "In case of the removal of the President from office, or of his death, resignation, or inability to discharge the powers and duties of the said office, the same shall devolve upon the Vice President.” (Article II, Section I of the Constitution of the United States)

12. 272. “vice”: substitute Example B • vice versa (adverb): with the order or meaning reversed • etymology: from Latin: “vice” (substitute) + “vers” (past participle of vert = turn)

13. 272. “vice”: substitute Example B • Usage: “Discipline is wisdom, and vice versa.” (M. Scott Peck)

14. 272. “vice”: substitute Example B • SPECIAL NOTE: In this case, using “vice versa” literally would create a chiasmus: “Discipline is wisdom, and wisdom is discipline.”

15. 273. “vid”

16. 273. “vid”: see

17. 273. “vid”: see Example A • “Veni. Vidi. Vici.” • Remember the following roots: • “ven” = “come” • “vid” = “see” • “vic” = substitute/change • The translation, therefore, of this phrase is “I came. I saw. I conquered.”

18. 273. “vid”: see Example B • avid (adjective): having an ardent desire or unbounded craving; greedy • etymology: Latin “a” = toward+ “vid” = see

19. 273. “vid”: see Example B • Usage: “Ashley Judd is an avid University of Kentucky basketball fan.”

20. 274. “vis”

21. 274. “vis” = see

22. 274. “vis” = see Example A • vis-à-vis(adverb): face-to-face • Etymology: Literally, the Latin phrase translates as “seeing-to-seeing.”

23. 274. “vis” = see Example A Usage: “These passengers rode vis-à-vis.”

24. 274. “vis” = see Example B • visage (noun): the face or facial expression of a person; countenance • etymology: from Latin “visus” (a look, vision)

25. 274. “vis” = see Example B Usage: Marilyn Monroe’s famous visagehas sparked a renaissance of the Hollywood glamour look of the 1950s.

26. 275. “viv”

27. 275. “viv” = live

28. 275. “viv” = live Example A • vivacious(adjective): full of animation and spirit • etymology: from Latin vivere = “to live”

29. 275. “viv” = live Example A Usage: Coach Ball is known for his vivacious personality.

30. 275. “viv” = live Example B • convivial (adjective): merry, festive • Etymology: Latin, literally “con” = “with” + “viv” = “life”

31. 275. “viv” = live Example B Usage: “There was a convivial atmosphere at the Harlan City Schools’ block party in August.”

32. 276. “voc”

33. 276. “voc” = call, voice

34. 276. “voc” = call, voice Example A • vocabulary(noun): list of words with explanations • Etymology: Latin vocabulum = "word, name, noun," from vocare"to name, call”

35. 276. “voc” = call, voice Example A Usage: “A vocabulary of truth and simplicity will be of service throughout our life.” (Sir Winston Churchill)

36. 276. “voc” = call, voice Example B • advocate(noun): one that argues or speaks for a cause; a supporter • etymology: Latin “ad” = “toward” + “voc” = “call”

37. 276. “voc” = call, voice Example B Usage: Harlan High School is an advocate of educational excellence.

38. 277. “voke”

39. 277. “voke” = call, voice

40. 277. “voke” = call, voice Example A • evoke(verb): to summon or call forth • Etymology: “e” = “ex” = “out” + “voke” = “call, voice”

41. 277. “voke” = call, voice Example A Usage: “Good writing [e.g., A Tale of Two Cities] is supposed to evokesensation in the reader - not the fact that it is raining, but the feeling of being rained upon.” (E.L. Doctorow)

42. 277. “voke” = call, voice Example B • provoke(verb): to bring about deliberately; deduce • etymology: Latin “pro” = “toward” + “voke” = “call”

43. 277. “voke” = call, voice Example B Usage: “A destruction, an annihilation that only man can provoke, only man can prevent.” (Elie Wiesel, author of Night)

44. 278. “vol”

45. 278. “vol” = wish, will

46. 278. “vol” = wish, will Example A • voluntary (adjective): done or undertaken of one's own free will • etymology: Latin “vol” = “to wish; see”

47. 278. “vol” = wish, will Example A Usage: "Ignorance, when it is voluntary, is criminal; and he may be properly charged with evil who refused to learn how he might prevent it.” (Samuel Johnson)

48. 278. “vol” = wish, will Example B • benevolence (noun): good will • etymology: Latin “bene” = “good” + “vol” = will

49. 278. “vol” = wish, will Example B Usage: “Mother Teresa’s benevolence was one of the reasons she was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1979.”

50. 278. “vol” = wish, will Example C • Voldemort(noun): a fictional character and the primary antagonist in the Harry Potter novel series written by British author J. K. Rowling • etymology: “vol” = “wish” + “mort” = “death”