Medical Terminology

Medical Terminology Integumentary System Chapter 6

Student Objectives • Define the main functions of the integumentary system and its appendages. • Identify combining forms, suffixes, and prefixes related to the integumentary system. • Identify several primary and secondary skin lesions. • Explain major skin problems caused by exposure.

Student Objectives • Identify diagnostic, symptomatic, and therapeutic terms and procedures related to the integumentary system. • Define the abbreviations related to the integumentary system. • Explain pharmacology related to the treatment of integumentary disorders.

Functions of the Integumentary System • skin • protects against bacterial invasion • reservoir for food and water • sensory receptor • synthesis of vitamin D • regulate body temperature and water • prevents dehydration

Epidermis • outermost layer • epithelium • strata or layers • keratin (a fibrous protein) • no blood vessels or nerve supply in epidermis

Dermis or Corium Living Tissue capillaries lymphatics nerve endings hair follicles glands (sebaceous and sweat)

Subcutaneous or Hypodermis • connective tissue layer • specializes in formation of fat • adipose or fat cells provide a food reserve and insulation

Appendages of the Skin • Hair • Glands • Nails • Breasts

Hair • hair shaft • hair follicles • papilla • alopecia

Glands of the Skin • sudoriferous • sweat glands • cool the body • sebaceous • sebum(oil) • ceruminous glands • modified sweat glands located in ear canals • cerumen

Nails • cuticle • lunula

Breasts or Mammary Glands • Present in both males and females • estrogen stimulation causes adipose tissue and increased size • progesterone stimulation causes formation of lobules for milk production

Suffixes • -cyte • -derma • -gram • -graph • -graphy • -logist • -logy • -therapy

Prefixes • Epi- • hyper- • hypo- • sub-

Pathology • Primary Skin Lesions • often due to healing process • Secondary Skin Lesions • result of the primary skin lesions • excoriation • abrasion • contusion • laceration • ulcers • cicatrix • keloid

Primary Lesions • macule • papule • nodule • vesicle • bulla • pustule • wheal • scales • fissure

Outer Layer of Epidermis erythema hyperesthesia Example: Sunburn Burns-First DegreeSuperficial

Burns-Second DegreePartial Thickness • damages portion of epidermis and dermis • vesicles or bullae • regeneration can occur if no infection

Burns-Third DegreeFull-Thickness • involves epidermis and dermis • can extend into subcutaneous tissue, bone and muscle • cannot heal spontaneously • dermatoplasty

Frostbite • Local skin destruction • Result of freezing • Classified according to severity • first, second, third

Oncology • Neoplasm • malignant or benign • metastsize • TNM system • T-size and extent of primary tumor • N-number of lymph nodes involved • M-metastases of primary tumor

Carcinoma • Basal Cell Carcinoma • Carcinoma of the Breast • nulliparous, menarche • Squamous Cell Carcinoma • in situ, invasive • Malignant Melanoma • melanocytes

Diagnostic, Symptomatic, Therapeutic Terms • Chloasma • comedo • decubitus ulcer • dermatomycosis • desqumation • ecchymosis • eczema

Diagnostic, Symptomatic, Therapeutic Terms • Erythema • eschar • hirsutism • impetigo • keratosis • lentigo • pallor • pediculosis

Diagnostic, Symptomatic, Therapeutic Terms • Pemphigus • petechia, petechiae • pruritus • psoriasis • purpura • scabies • tinea • urticaria • vitiligo • verruca

Diagnostic Procedures • Mammography, mammogram • xeromammography

Surgical and Therapeutic Procedures • Allograft, skin graft, xenograft • biopsy • debridement • dermabrasion • fulguration • lumpectomy • mammoplasty, mastectomy

Pharmacology • Anti-infectives, antibacterials, antifungals • anti-inflammatory, topical corticosteriods • antipruritics • antiseptics • keratolytics • parasiticides • protectives • topical anesthetics

Abbreviations • Bx • decub. • Derm. • FS • I & D • ID • SC, sc, subcu, subq • ung

End of Chapter 6

Medical Terminology