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Title: The relationships between management styles, user participation and system success over MIS growth stage Source: Information & Management 32 (1997) pp.203-213 Authors: Hsi-Peng Lu, Jyun-Yu Wang.

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  1. Title: The relationships between management styles, user participation and system success over MIS growth stageSource: Information & Management 32 (1997) pp.203-213Authors: Hsi-Peng Lu, Jyun-Yu Wang National Taiwan University of Science and Technology EMBA/EDBA Graduate Course “Research Method” Paper Reading Assignment No. 1.

  2. Outline • Introduction • Conceptual Model & Research Hypotheses • Research Method • Results • Discussion • Conclusion • Limitations of This Study

  3. IntroductionDiscover Management Dilemma Why Information Systems (IS) succeed or fail ?

  4. IntroductionDefine Management Question What should be done to increase the probability of an IS to succeed ?

  5. Introduction --- Exploration • User Participation pp. 203 left to pp. 204 right up (tons of references) • MIS growth stages pp. 204 begin with line 4 • Management Styles pp. 204 2nd paragraph (tons of references)

  6. IntroductionDefine Research Question • Whether the effect of user participation on system success changes over MIS growth stages? • What are the appropriate management styles to promote user participation and system success over the MIS growth stages?

  7. Conceptual Model and Research Hypotheses • “In developing our model, we built on the theoretical frameworks used or suggested in previous research.” • The importance of “theoretical foundation”.

  8. Conceptual Model and Research Hypotheses • 2.1. Participative decision making • 2.2. Behavioral theory • 2.3. Organizational change theory and the contingency theory of leadership

  9. Conceptual Model and Research Hypotheses • Participative decision making pp. 204 left (tons of references) • H1:the degree of user participation will be positively related to system success at each MIS growth stages.

  10. MANAGEMENT STYLE People-oriented USER PARTICIPATION SYSTEM SUCCESS Task-oriented Research Model H3 H2 H1 H2 H3

  11. Conceptual Model and Research Hypotheses • Behavioral theory Leader Behavior Description Questionnaire (LBDQ) • People-oriented: POS is defined as the extent to which managerial behavior results in mutual trust, friendship, respect, and warmth. People-oriented managers consider interpersonal relations and accept individual differences. • Task-oriented: TOS refers to the extent to which a manager is likely to define and organize the tasks, standards, and manager-member relationships for goal attainment. Task-oriented managers tend to emphasize the technical or task aspects of the jobs.

  12. Conceptual Model and Research Hypotheses • Behavioral theory • H2:The degree of management styles will be related to user participation at each of the MIS growth stages.

  13. MANAGEMENT STYLE People-oriented USER PARTICIPATION SYSTEM SUCCESS Task-oriented Research Model H3 H2 H1 H2 H3

  14. Conceptual Model and Research Hypotheses • Behavioral theory • H3:The degree of management styles will be related to system success at each of the MIS growth stages.

  15. MANAGEMENT STYLE People-oriented USER PARTICIPATION SYSTEM SUCCESS Task-oriented Research Model H3 H2 H1 H2 H3

  16. Conceptual Model and Research Hypotheses • Organizational change theory and the contingency theory of leadership • Lewin’s three-stage model • Unfreezing • Change • Refreezing • Contingency theory of leadership Each MIS growth stage implies a particular situation and thus requires different management styles and degrees of participation.

  17. Conceptual Model and Research Hypotheses • H4:The management styles, user participation, and system success will be different over the MIS growth stages. • H5:The relationships between management styles, user participation, and system success will change over MIS growth stages.

  18. Method – sample and procedure • 發出問卷：497份 • 回收有效問卷：172份 • 回收率：172/497=34.6%

  19. Method – Measurement of variables • Management styles: 16-item instrument developed by Sergiovanni et al. [63]. The instrument is based on the LBDQ which splits management styles into people-oriented and task-oriented. For each item. The scale ranged from (1) – never to (5) – always.

  20. Method – Measurement of variables • User participation: User participation was measured with the instrument developed by Torkzadeh and Doll [16]. This 8-item instrument was found to have adequate reliability and criterion-related validity across a variety of applications. For each item. The scale ranged from (1) – never to (5) – always.

  21. Method – Measurement of variables • System success : User satisfaction is the surrogate for system success and measured by an abridged version of Bailey and Pearson’s [5, 56] questionnaire recommended by Ives et al. [30]. For each item. The scale ranged from (1) – disagree completely to (5) – agree completely.

  22. Method – Measurement of variables • MIS growth stages : The indicator of MIS growth level is based on the measure developed by Li and Rogers [41]. This instrument includes questions adapted from Nolan’s second-level benchmarks [53], Gibson and Nolan [21], and Kanter [33].

  23. Nolan’s six stages • Initiation • Contagion • Control • Integration • Data • Maturity

  24. Results – Scale Reliability Cronbach alpha reliability coefficient [12] • People-oriented style : 0.85 • Task-oriented style : 0.88 • MIS growth : 0.70 • User participation : 0.88 • MIS success : 0.92 • Generally, >= 0.6 is acceptable.

  25. Results – MIS growth Initiation: 31 developmemt: 89 maturity: 52

  26. MANAGEMENT STYLE People-oriented USER PARTICIPATION SYSTEM SUCCESS Task-oriented Results -- Correlation analysis in general (H1, H2, H3) 0.380**** 0.315*** 0.573**** 0.252*** 0.350****

  27. MANAGEMENT STYLE People-oriented USER PARTICIPATION SYSTEM SUCCESS Task-oriented Results -- Correlation analysisat the initiation stage (H1, H2, H3) 0.200 0.435** 0.383* 0.042 0.270

  28. MANAGEMENT STYLE People-oriented USER PARTICIPATION SYSTEM SUCCESS Task-oriented Results -- Correlation analysisat the development stage (H1, H2, H3) 0.354*** 0.274** 0.524**** 0.258** 0.25**

  29. MANAGEMENT STYLE People-oriented USER PARTICIPATION SYSTEM SUCCESS Task-oriented Results -- Correlation analysisat the maturity stage (H1, H2, H3) 0.323** -0.03 0.484**** 0.16 0.378**

  30. Results – Change over time (H4)

  31. Results – Change over time (H5) H1 H2 H3 Participation And success People-style And participation Task-style And participation People-style And success Task-style And success Initiation n=31 0.383* 0.435** 0.042 0.2 0.27 Development n=89 0.542**** 0.274** 0.258** 0.354*** 0.250** Maturity n=52 0.484**** -0.03 0.16 0.323** 0.378**

  32. Discussion • Discuss the findings in the statistical result. • Pp 209—pp.210

  33. Conclusion • Reflect to 2 research questions ! • Whether the effect of user participation on system success changes over MIS growth stages? • What are the appropriate management styles to promote user participation and system success over the MIS growth stages? • pp. 210 – pp. 211

  34. Limitations of this study • Statistical analysis only provides numerical relationships. Interpretation of those number is author’s subjective appraisal. • The subjects of this study are MIS managers in Taiwan. Cultural differences may exist between countries.

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