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ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS (AVM)

ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS (AVM). BY Pravin Chacko. A defect of the circulatory system where arteries and veins become tangled in a mass.

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ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS (AVM)

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  1. ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS(AVM) BY PravinChacko

  2. A defect of the circulatory system where arteries and veins become tangled in a mass. • Arteries carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to the body's cells; veins return oxygen-depleted blood to the lungs and heart. The presence of an AVM disrupts this vital cyclical process. WHAT IS AVM?

  3. Approximately 300,000 (14%) Americans have AVMs • Affects both men and women equally • Occur at all ages, but most often cause symptoms between 20 and 40 years of age • only 12% experience symptoms EPIDEMIOLOGY

  4. Cause of AVMs is unknown • Seem to develop during pregnancy or soon after birth. • The greatest danger of an AVM is hemorrhage. ETIOLOGY

  5. Seizures and headaches are the most common symptoms • Seizures can be partial or total, involving a loss of control over movement, convulsions, or a change in a person's level of consciousness. • Headaches can vary greatly in frequency, duration, and intensity, sometimes becoming as severe as migraines. SIGNS/SYMPTOMS

  6. Neurological symptoms include • muscle weakness or paralysis in one part of the body; • a loss of coordination (ataxia) • visual disturbances such as a loss of part of the visual field • memory deficits • mental confusion, or dementia. • Subtle learning or behavioral disorders SIGNS/SYMPTOMS CONT...

  7. Three surgical options exist for the treatment of AVMs: • conventional surgery • endovascular embolization • radiosurgery • The choice of treatment depends largely on the size and location of an AVM. TREATMENT

  8. AVM After Treatment: the AVM is cleared -- allowing better circulation. Before Treatment: the AVM is seen as a dense collection of vessels (the nidus).

  9. Arteriovenous Malformations: MedlinePlus. (n.d.). National Library of Medicine - National Institutes of Health. Retrieved December 1, 2012, from http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/arteriovenousmalformations.html • Varian Radiation Therapy :: Glossary. (n.d.). Varian Medical Systems | Oncology, X-Ray & Inspection Equipment. Retrieved December 1, 2012, from http://www.varian.com/us/patient/glossary.html • Arteriovenous Malformations . (n.d.). Arteriovenous Malformations (and Other Vascular Lesions of the Central Nervous System). Retrieved December 1, 2012, from www.medicinenet.com/arteriovenous_malformation/article.htm • Brain Arteriovenous Malformation Symptoms, Treatment and Embolization . (n.d.). Aneurysm Treatment California, UCLA Medical Center . Retrieved December 3, 2012, from http://www.aneurysm-stroke.com/av-malformation.php REFERENCES

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