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Sui, Tang, and Song Dynasties. by Sean Delos Santos AP Art History Per.6. Sui and Tang Dynasties. The Sui Dynasty reigned from 581 CE to 618 CE. It was modeled on the Han Dynasty. Buddhism diffused into Chinese society.
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Sui, Tang, and Song Dynasties • by Sean Delos Santos • AP Art History Per.6
Sui and Tang Dynasties • The Sui Dynasty reigned from 581 CE to 618 CE. • It was modeled on the Han Dynasty. • Buddhism diffused into Chinese society.
10-13. Seated Buddha, Cave 20, Yungang, Datong, Shanxi. Northern Wei dynasty, c. 460 CE. Stone, height 45’ (13.7 m)This image doesn’t belong in this ppt
10-14. Altar to Amitabha Buddha. Sui dynasty, 593 CE. Bronze, height 30 ⅛” (76.5 cm). Museum of Fine Arts, Boston.
Amitabha Buddha • Mahayana Buddhism was the most popular form of Buddhism in China and Japan. • It believed in the “Pure Land” where faithful followers were reborn • Who is Amitabha Budda? • writing is very small throughout ppt
Amitabha Buddha • Jewels on leaves • 7 nymphs on clusters • Pearls on tree trunks • Halo of flames
Amitabha Buddha • Bodhisattva Guanyin with pomegranate • Bodhisattva in prayer • Incense burner • Tell us what a bodhisattva is
Amitabha Buddha • Seated dogs • 2 smaller bodhisattvas • Combines Indian, Central Asian, and Chinese styles • describe these styles!
Sui and Tang Dynasties • The Tang Dynasty reigned from 618 CE to 917 CE. • The Tang may be described as “strong, vigorous, noble, idealistic, realistic, and pragmatic.” • one of the greatest dynasties in Chinese History
Sui and Tang Dynasties • The Tang Dynasty capital was Chang’an. • They controlled Central Asia and influenced Japanese and Korean culture. • They entered a profitable trade system along the South China Sea with the Arabs and Persians.
10-15. Camel Carrying a Group of Musicians, from a tomb near Xi’an, Shanxi. Tang dynasty, c. mid-8th century CE. Earthenware with three-color glaze, height 26 ⅛” (66.5 cm). Museum of Chinese History, Beijing.
Camel Carrying a Group of Musicians • Displays Turkish influence • The three bearded musicians are Central Asian. • The two smooth-shaven people are Han Chinese. • Tang were fascinated with the exotic Turkic culturs of central Asia
Camel Carrying a Group of Musicians • The two-humped Bactrian camels were widely used along the Silk Road. • People on camelback was a popular Tang motif. • Naturalism (liveliness and motion) was also popular. • musicians on camelback were a popular Tang motif
Camel Carrying a Group of Musicians • Tang sculptures often had a three-color glaze. • These three colors were often chosen from amber, yellow, green, and white • glaze tecnique a specialty of Tang ceramicists • describe process, which gave feeling of spontaneity • thousands of ceramic figurines produced for Tang tombs
Buddhist Art and Architecture • Buddhism had been widely accepted throughout all of China.-greatest development during Tang dynasty • Mahayana Buddhism (also known as the Pure Land Sect) was the most popular of the Buddhist sects.
Buddhist Art and Architecture • Located in Dunhuang were 500 caves that held Buddhist artifacts. • These Buddhist artifacts included painted clay sculptures and wall paintings. • The caves were made from the 5th to the 14th century. • rare exxtended jperiod of stylistic and iconographic evoluton in one place
Buddhist Art and Architecture • The Seated Buddha was found in Cave 20 of the 500 caves. • but pre-Tang era
10-16. The Western Paradise of Amitabha Buddha, detail of a wall painting in Cave 217, Dunhuang, Gansu. Tang dynasty, c. 750 CE. 10’2” x 16’ (3.1 x 4.86 m).
The Western Paradise of Amitabha Buddha • The Amitabha Buddha is surrounded by 4 bodhisattvas. • There are more bodhisattvas to the left and to the right. blow up details so we can see what you are talking about
The Western Paradise of Amitabha Buddha • Musicians and dancers are performing in the foreground. • There are great halls and towers in the background. • the artist has imagined the WEstern Paraise in terms of the grandeur of Tang palaces; a worldly vision of paradise • big conrast with earlier Sui altarpiece • shows us splenor of Tang civilzation when Chang’an was probably the greatest city in the world
The Western Paradise of Amitabha Buddha • Many people believe this area represents Chang’an, the Tang Dynasty’s capital. • Naturalism can be seen all throughout the wall painting.
Sui and Tang Dynasty • China had followed the idea of religious tolerance for many years. • However, as Confucians gradually rose in influence, China turned to a more conservative way of thinking.in 9th century
Sui and Tang Dynasty • Buddhism was then seen as a foreign religion. • The Chinese destroyed countless Buddhist temples, shrines, monasteries, and statues.
10-17. Nanchan Temple, Wutaishan, Shanxi. Tang dynasty, 782 CE.
Nanchan Temple • The Nanchan Temple displays a curved tiled roof, which is reminiscent of the Han tomb model of a house. • one of the few structures earlier than 1400 to have survived
Nanchan Temple • The temple has a bay, a structural element made of four posts and their lintels. • The bay became a module (a basic structural unit) for later buildings.
Nanchan Temple • Larger structures were made with repeating patterns of bays • Nanchan only has 3 bays.
10-18. Great Wild Goose Pagoda at Ci’en Temple, Xi’an, Shanxi. Tang dynasty, first erected 645 CE; rebuilt mid-8th century CE.
Great Wild Goose Pagoda • The Great Wild Goose Pagoda was made in honor of Xuanzang after his 16-year pilgrimage to India. • The pagoda originated from the Indian stupa which holds relics.
Great Wild Goose Pagoda • The pagoda resembles a Han watchtower.In China, the stupa blended with the Han watchtower to produce the pagoda • It features low relief bays and bracket systems. • The pagoda is made of masonry but was made to resemble wood.
Great Wild Goose Pagoda • The pagoda was originally five stories but two more stories along with a finial were constructed. • The pagoda emphasizes the Tang beliefs of simplicity, symmetry, proportion, and grace.
Figure Painting • There are very few pieces of Tang art that feature figure painting. • However, the Dunhuang painting gives a good idea of what it looked like.--discussed earlier, slide 10-16
The Western Paradise of Amitabha Buddha • unnecessary--delete
Figure Painting • The Song Dynasty was greatly influenced by the Tang Dynasty. • The Song Dynasty borrowed many artistic styles from the Tang Dynasty.
10-19. Attributed to Emperor Huizong. Detail of Ladies Preparing Newly Woven Silk, copy after a lost Tang dynasty painting by Zhang Xuan. Northern Song dynasty, early 12th century CE. Handscroll, ink and colors on silk, 14 ½ x 57 ½” (36 x 145.2 cm). Museum of Fine Arts, Boston.
Women Preparing Newly Woven Silk • The painting contains several sections, each depicting women weaving or ironing silk.
Women Preparing Newly Woven Silk • The original painting by Zhang Xuan, a famous Tang painter of women at the court, was lost.
Women Preparing Newly Woven Silk • A Song copy of Zhang Xuan’s work was made. • This is evident from several inscriptions on the painting itself • missing some formal analysis
Song Dynasty • The Song Dynasty reigned from 960 CE to 1279 CE. • Its capital was located at Bianjing near the Yellow River. • In 1126, Northern China was conquered by the Jurchen tribes from Manchuria. • This caused the unconquered part of China now known as Southern Songto enter a period of introspection and reflection.
Song Dynasty • While Northern Song lasted from 960 CE to 1126 CE, Southern Song continued on from 1127 CE to 1279 CE with a capital at Hangzhou. • The Song Dynasty borrowed from the agricultural, commercial, and technological advancements of the Tang Dynasty.
Song Dynasty • Although the Song Dynasty had a dark past, its artworks maintained the ideas of grace and simplicity.
where is slide and info from box “Elements of Architecture” on p.377
10-20. Seated Guanyin Bodhisattva. Liao dynasty, 10th-12th century. Wood with paint and gold, 95 x 65” (241.3 x 165.1 cm). The Nelson Atkins Museum of Art, Kansas City, Missouri.
Seated Guanyin Bodhisattva • A bodhisattva was a Buddhist who had already reached enlightenment but stayed behind to help others. • They were depicted as princes with royal garments and jewelry.
Seated Guanyin Bodhisattva • Guanyin was the bodhisattva of infinite compassion. • He appears in many forms such as the Water or Moon Guanyin.
Seated Guanyin Bodhisattva • Guanyin is seen in the royal ease, a pose characterized by the following: • A bent right knee with the right arm resting on top • A hanging left leg and arm with the foot atop a lotus blossom
Seated Guanyin Bodhisattva • The original sculpture was made in the 11th or 12th century but was painted and gilded in the 16th century.
Song Dynasty • The Song Dynasty was known for its “intellectual” art style. • Unlike the Tang Dynasty, the Song Dynasty contained artworks that were mostly, if not purely, Chinese. • It was known for its brilliant scholars, poetry, painting, and ceramics.