Power and Size:

2. Power and Size: Urbanization and Empire Formation in World-systems Christopher Chase-Dunn Alexis Álvarez Dan Pasciuti Institute for Research on World-Systems University of California, Riverside IROWS

3. Constant Regions and PMNs 2000 B.C.E.

4. Constant Regions and PMNs 1400 C.E.

5. Constant Regions and PMNs 1500 C.E.

6. Constant Regions and the Central PMN 1800 C.E.

7. Contending Empires and Limited Territory Saturation Threshold Largest Empire 2nd Largest Empire

14. REGIONS OF URBANIZATION

15. Ten Largest Cities in 650 B.C.E. NAMES OF THE FIVE LARGEST CITIESEST POP Nineveh 120 Lintzu 80 Loyang 70 Memphis 65 Babylon 60

16. Ten Largest Cities in 430 B.C.E. NAMES OF THE SEVEN LARGEST CITIESEST POP Babylon 200 Yenhsiatu 180 Athens 155 Syracuse 125 Loyang 100 Patna 100 Memphis 100

17. Ten Largest Cities in 200 B.C.E. NAMES OF THE FIVE LARGEST CITIESEST POP Changan 400 Patna 350 Alexandria 300 Seleucia 200 Carthage 150

18. Ten Largest Cities in 100 C.E. NAMES OF THE FIVE LARGEST CITIESEST POP Rome 450 Loyang 420 Changan 333 Alexandria 250 Seleucia 250

19. Ten Largest Cities in 360 C.E. NAMES OF THE SIX LARGEST CITIESEST POP Constantinople 300 Ctesiphon 250 Rome 150 Antioch 150 Nanking 150 Patna 150

20. Ten Largest Cities in 500 C.E. NAMES OF THE FIVE LARGEST CITIESEST POP Constantinople 120 Ctesiphon 80 Loyang 70 Antioch 65 Nanking 60

21. Ten Largest Cities in 620 C.E. NAMES OF THE FIVE LARGEST CITIESEST POP Ctesiphon 500 Changan 400 Constantinople 350 Loyang 200 Kanauj 120

22. Ten Largest Cities in 800 C.E. NAMES OF THE FIVE LARGEST CITIESEST POP Baghdad 700 Changan 600 Loyang 300 Constantinople 250 Kyoto 200

23. Ten Largest Cities in 900 C.E. NAMES OF THE FIVE LARGEST CITIESEST POP Baghdad 900 Changan 500 Constantinople 300 Cordova 200 Kyoto 200

24. Ten Largest Cities in 1000 C.E. NAMES OF THE FIVE LARGEST CITIESEST POP Cordova 450 Kaifeng 400 Constantinpole 300 Angkor 200 Kyoto 175

25. Ten Largest Cities in 1100 C.E. NAMES OF THE SEVEN LARGEST CITIESEST POP Kaifeng 442 Constantinople 200 Kyoto 175 Baghdad 150 Cairo 150 Kaylan 150 Marrakesh 150

26. Ten Largest Cities in 1150 C.E. NAMES OF THE SEVEN LARGEST CITIESEST POP Constantinople 200 Merv 200 Cairo 175 Fez 160 Kaifeng 150 Kyoto 150 Pagan 150

27. Ten Largest Cities in 1200 C.E. NAMES OF THE FIVE LARGEST CITIESEST POP Hangchow 255 Cairo 200 Fez 200 Pagan 180 Kamakura 175

28. Ten Largest Cities in 1250 C.E. NAMES OF THE FIVE LARGEST CITIESEST POP Hangchow 320 Cairo 300 Fez 200 Kamakura 200 Pagan 180

29. Ten Largest Cities in 1300 C.E. NAMES OF THE FIVE LARGEST CITIESEST POP Hangchow 432 Peking 401 Cairo 400 Paris 228 Kamakura 200

30. Ten Largest Cities in 1350 C.E. NAMES OF THE SIX LARGEST CITIESEST POP Hangchow 432 Peking 400 Cairo 350 Paris 215 Canton 150 Kyoto 150

31. Ten Largest Cities in 1400 C.E. NAMES OF THE FIVE LARGEST CITIESEST POP Nanknig 487 Vijayanagar 400 Cairo 360 Paris 280 Hangchow 235

32. Ten Largest Cities in 1450 C.E. NAMES OF THE FIVE LARGEST CITIESEST POP Peking 600 Vijayanagar 455 Cairo 380 Hangchow 250 Tabriz 200

33. Ten Largest Cities in 1500 C.E. NAMES OF THE FIVE LARGEST CITIESEST POP Peking 672 Vijayanagar 500 Cairo 400 Hangchow 250 Tabriz 250