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ADAPTATION

ADAPTATION. A Lesson in Survival. What is Adaptation?. An adaptation is a change in body or behavior that a living organism makes to increase its chance of survival. Two Types of Adaptations. Animals’ bodies have changed to help them survive in their habitat (structural adaptation).

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ADAPTATION

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  1. ADAPTATION A Lesson in Survival

  2. What is Adaptation? • An adaptation is a change in body or behavior that a living organism makes to increase its chance of survival.

  3. Two Types of Adaptations Animals’ bodies have changed to help them survive in their habitat (structural adaptation). People change what they do to help them survive in their environment (behavioral adaptation).

  4. Let’s Look at Animal Adaptations • Do you remember what all animals need to survive? • Food • Water • Shelter • Space

  5. Now we will add, “not getting eaten” • Animals’ adaptations help them meet these needs.

  6. Let’s play animal detective. • Looking at different parts of an animal’s body can help you learn important information about the animal, like: • What does it eat (herbivore, omnivore or carnivore)? • Is it a predator or prey? • How does it protect itself? • Where does it live? (sometimes)

  7. Which parts tell us the most? • Eyes • Ears • Teeth • Feet • Body Covering

  8. Eyes tell you: predator or prey? • Predator • Prey

  9. Ears: Size and position matter Do you think you could sneak up on a donkey? How about a sloth?

  10. Ears can also help an animal keep cool.

  11. Teeth will tell you what an animal eats. Herbivore Carnivore

  12. How would an omnivore’s teeth look?

  13. There’s feet for every occasion. From skimming the desert sands To paddling the waters

  14. Birds take it to extremes • What do these feet do? • Which feet are good for hunting? Wading? Running? Swimming? Perching?

  15. Some animals’ coverings help them hide from danger. • Do you remember what this is called?

  16. Some Announce, “Here I Am!” • They do this if they are dangerous or don’t taste good to avoid being eaten by mistake.

  17. Coverings can tell predators, “Stay Back!”

  18. They can also help animals adapt to temperature extremes. Polar bears have hollow hair that traps air and keeps them warm. Fennec fox have light colored fur to help reflect heat in the desert.

  19. Can you think of any other animal adaptations? • How do they help the animal survive?

  20. Animals have behavioral adaptations too, but that is a lesson for another day.

  21. People are constantly adapting. • We don’t change color or grow extra toes. • We do certain things to help ourselves thrive in our environment. • This is called a behavioral adaptation.

  22. How do we do it? • 3 of the most common ways we adapt to our environment is by: • What we eat • What we wear • The kinds of homes we live in Let’s look at some of the ways Virginia Indians adapted to their environment.

  23. Food The Monacan planted beans, squash, and maize. It would be too hot and dry to do that in Mali.

  24. Fish was an important part of the Powhatan Indians’ diet. They gathered nuts and berries, including raspberries, mulberries, and acorns from the forest

  25. Clothing Deerskin was often used in the clothing of Virginia Indians. In the Arctic, the Inuit used the warmer furs of caribou and seals.

  26. Powhatan men shaved half of their heads so their hair wouldn’t get tangled in their bowstrings.

  27. Housing Longhouses were made from saplings and woven grass mats. Those materials would not be as common for the Pueblo Indians.

  28. Roofs tell a story too. A round or pointed roof sheds rain or snow. Flat roofs tell you that it doesn’t rain very often here.

  29. Can you think of other ways that people adapt?

  30. How do YOU adapt to YOUR environment?

  31. References • Image of wigwam: http://www.native-languages.org/houses.htm • Powhatan men with canoe: http://www.wicocomico-indian-nation.com/images/canoe.jpg • Sloth: https://www.google.com/search?q=image,+sloth&hl=en&client=firefox-a&hs=nrY&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&prmd=imvns&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&sa=X&ei=r54QUImQJ5Ce8 • Jack rabbit: http://journowl.com/index.php/archives/1047 • Elephant: http://www.google.com/imgres?hl=en&client=firefox-a&hs=B3x&sa=X&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&biw=1545&bih=842&tbm=isch&prmd=imvns&tbnid=mN8ik9y_U180rM:&imgrefurl=http://www.hellokids.com/c_1077/reading-online/reports/animal-reports-for-kids/wild-animal-reports-for-kids/animals-of-the-world-the-elephant&docid=F3lVoa1BTe6jdM&imgurl=http://images.hellokids.com/_uploads/_tiny_galerie/20100520/elephant-21_f87.jpg&w=441&h=459&ei=ZCgYUNmtJcbr0gGi1YCQAw&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=461&sig=103062194630533089272&page=1&tbnh=159&tbnw=151&start=0&ndsp=29&ved=1t:429,r:3,s:0,i:84&tx=73&ty=70 • Turtle http://www.google.com/imgres?start=147&hl=en&client=firefox-a&hs=zaZ&sa=X&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&biw=1545&bih=842&tbm=isch&prmd=imvns&tbnid=t4GmerZpZATClM:&imgrefurl=http://www.naturephoto-cz.com/black-turtle-photo-7291.html&docid=-Laveb4oYmCKhM&imgurl=http://www.naturephoto-cz.com/photos/sevcik/black-turtle--rhinoclemmys.jpg&w=600&h=413&ei=oakQUOLmFMTj0QHKhYDYBA&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=773&sig=103062194630533089272&page=6&tbnh=145&tbnw=202&ndsp=32&ved=1t:429,r:14,s:147,i:248&tx=108&ty=66 • Raptor: http://www.google.com/imgres?hl=en&client=firefox-a&hs=hPu&sa=X&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&biw=1545&bih=842&tbm=isch&prmd=imvns&tbnid=93iNkvXgYKfurM:&imgrefurl=http://www.raptorresearchfoundation.org/education/raptor-world&docid=jzYU5U0q8l0lpM&imgurl=http://www.raptorresearchfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/Martial_Eagle_Africa.jpg&w=685&h=440&ei=6KsQULjQB6Xr0gGNhoDYCQ&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=584&sig=103062194630533089272&page=3&tbnh=163&tbnw=269&start=64&ndsp=35&ved=1t:429,r:27,s:64,i:363&tx=130&ty=108 • Duck feet: http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_s2whS7_L0e4/TIgmRfI_eXI/AAAAAAAAAHo/cjrDW0Oq8Vw/s1600/photo-duckfeet.jpg&imgrefurl=http://jakemma.blogspot.com/2010_09_01_archive.html&h=498&w=779&sz=118&tbnid=A5oA1MEvxmsFCM:&tbnh=90&tbnw=141&zoom=1&usg=__JcgmnmGEFuK26ygrX4KHZatmA_I=&docid=PqMuXZM3e4H5SM&sa=X&ei=C7AQUOvdDIyY8gSM4IDIDQ&ved=0CFoQ9QEwAA&dur=511 • Bird feet: http://www.dereilanatureinn.ca/lounge/feet/index.htm • Ostrich foot: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrich

  32. References (cont.) • Copperhead: http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/CopperheadInLeavesCU.JPG/250px-CopperheadInLeavesCU.JPG&imgrefurl=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agkistrodon_contortrix&h=215&w=250&sz=31&tbnid=q_nChDnQ0tmDdM:&tbnh=90&tbnw=105&zoom=1&usg=__nwLiiKV83lTAfNc-NUyyd7w1sas=&docid=IX7XVz5lVhifVM&sa=X&ei=kLQQUPmDOoOK8QTb8IH4Bw&ved=0CF4Q9QEwAQ&dur=372 • Camouflage pictures: http://curiosity.discovery.com/topic/ecology-and-the-environment/animal-camouflage-pictures19.htm • monarch butterfly: http://www.monarch-butterfly.com/ • coral snake: http://phoenix.about.com/od/arizonapicturesandphotos/ig/Arizona-Snakes/Arizona-Snakes-19.htm • Polar bear: http://www.google.com/imgres?hl=en&client=firefox-a&hs=UBd&sa=X&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&biw=1545&bih=842&tbm=isch&prmd=imvns&tbnid=Dxu73KjvN9wq9M:&imgrefurl=http://animal.discovery.com/mammals/polar-bear/&docid=Sf8xXmMvKIQyCM&imgurl=http://animal.discovery.com/mammals/polar-bear/pictures/polar-bear-picture.jpg&w=625&h=450&ei=ZCUYUK7wB4qi9QSZlYGABQ&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=617&vpy=396&dur=5423&hovh=190&hovw=265&tx=161&ty=110&sig=103062194630533089272&page=2&tbnh=145&tbnw=202&start=27&ndsp=30&ved=1t:429,r:2,s:27,i:168 • Burrfish: http://www.google.com/imgres?hl=en&client=firefox-a&hs=hTK&sa=X&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&biw=1545&bih=842&tbm=isch&prmd=imvns&tbnid=Mw2QoUurbGKFZM:&imgrefurl=http://leisure.ezinemark.com/best-underwater-world-photos-7736b7b9a416.html&docid=DoGc5hBQ5MVn8M&imgurl=http://img.ezinemark.com/imagemanager2/files/30003693/2011/04/2011-04-27-09-27-38-6-the-photo-of-a-web-burrfish-chilomycterus-antilla.jpeg&w=480&h=350&ei=0kIYUK_8KauE0QGZ34GABQ&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=407&vpy=537&dur=1506&hovh=192&hovw=263&tx=112&ty=101&sig=103062194630533089272&page=2&tbnh=145&tbnw=197&start=28&ndsp=31&ved=1t:429,r:20,s:28,i:230 • Fennec fox: http://www.google.com/imgres?start=100&hl=en&client=firefox-a&hs=9XI&sa=X&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&biw=1545&bih=842&tbm=isch&prmd=imvns&tbnid=QOWlC4zdS1gjaM:&imgrefurl=http://www.care2.com/greenliving/10-planet-helping-animals.html/fennec-fox&docid=iM98wOr0U-xMFM&imgurl=http://dingo.care2.com/pictures/greenliving/uploads/2011/04/fennec-fox.jpg&w=443&h=267&ei=3iUYUIe3H5Oq8AThwoCwBQ&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=602&vpy=438&dur=298&hovh=174&hovw=289&tx=174&ty=86&sig=103062194630533089272&page=4&tbnh=140&tbnw=201&ndsp=34&ved=1t:429,r:9,s:100,i:148 • yawning animals: http://www.buzzfeed.com/ashleybaccam/115-adorable-pictures-of-animal-yawns • three sisters: http://americanfood.about.com/od/nativeamericanfoods/a/3sis.htm • Mali: http://www.booktryst.com/2010/11/from-here-to-timbuktu-and-ubiquitous.html • Powhatan fishing: http://www.google.com/imgres?hl=en&client=firefox-a&hs=EhK&sa=X&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&biw=1545&bih=842&tbm=isch&prmd=imvns&tbnid=nskUQbuk9THFHM:&imgrefurl=http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2007/05/jamestown/charles-mann-text&docid=xO0-BS2jEBzGVM&imgurl=http://s.ngm.com/2007/05/jamestown/img/virginia-indians-fish-615.jpg&w=615&h=415&ei=GUYYUIObComQ8wTC0oHgAg&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=199&vpy=179&dur=351&hovh=167&hovw=215&tx=146&ty=83&sig=103062194630533089272&page=1&tbnh=167&tbnw=215&start=0&ndsp=29&ved=1t:429,r:0,s:0,i:75 • Mulberries: • Deerskin clothing: http://virginiaindians.pwnet.org/ • Inuit clothing: http://www.johntyman.com/arctic/inuit201.html • Powhatan man: http://www.dhr.virginia.gov/arch_NET/timeline/late_wood_chief.htm • Pueblo homes: http://www.destination360.com/north-america/us/new-mexico/pueblo-de-taos

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