1 / 9

Polarity

Polarity. Bond Polarity & Molecular Polarity. Nonpolar Covalent Bonds. Occur when there is equal sharing of electrons between two atoms. Form between: T wo identical nonmetal atoms. Two nonmetals with electronegativity difference of 0.3 or less .

abra
Download Presentation

Polarity

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Polarity Bond Polarity & Molecular Polarity

  2. Nonpolar Covalent Bonds • Occur when there is equal sharing of electrons between two atoms. • Form between: • Two identicalnonmetal atoms. • Two nonmetals with electronegativity difference of 0.3 or less. • Atoms have balanced distribution of electrical charge. Nonpolar Covalent Animation

  3. Polar Covalent Bonds • Occur when there is unequal sharing of electrons between two atoms. • Form between two differentnonmetals that have electronegativity difference between 0.3 and 1.7. • One atom will have a partial positive charge, the other will have a partial negative charge. Polar Covalent Animation

  4. Bond Dipoles • Created by the unequal distribution of electrons in polar covalent bonds. • Electronegativity is a measure of how much an atom “hogs” electrons in a bond. • Electrons spend more time around the more electronegative atom. • Atom has a partial negative charge. • Electrons spend less time around the less electronegative atom. • Atom has a partial positive charge.

  5. Electronegativity Values • Determined by using chart below:

  6. Drawing Bond Dipoles • Dipoles are symbolized by: • The arrow end is placed near the partially negative atom (the more electronegative atom). • The tail end is placed near the partially positive atom (the less electronegative atom). • Electronegativity difference is used to determine if arrow is drawn or not: • Difference of 0.3 or less = NO ARROW. • Difference above 0.3 but less than 1.7 = ARROW.

  7. Drawing Bond Dipoles • HCl • IBr • No bond dipole because electronegativity difference is less than 0.3. • N2 • No bond dipole because electronegativity difference is less than 0.3. • CO

  8. Molecular Polarity • A molecule will be polar if: • 1. It has bond dipoles. • 2. The bond dipoles are unequally distributed. • Draw dipoles on the molecules below and determine if they are polar or nonpolar.

  9. Molecular Polarity • Answers: • Water is polar. • Ammonia is polar. • Carbon tetrachloride is nonpolar. • Carbon dioxide is nonpolar.

More Related