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Africa Climate and Vegetation

Africa Climate and Vegetation. Climate. equator runs straight through the middle of Africa, high temperatures both Tropic of Cancer and Capricorn –the Tropics—hot and wet or hot and dry climate is mild the farthest from the equator—N and S tips. Elevation.

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Africa Climate and Vegetation

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  1. Africa Climate and Vegetation

  2. Climate • equator runs straight through the middle of Africa, high temperatures • both Tropic of Cancer and Capricorn –the Tropics—hot and wet or hot and dry • climate is mild the farthest from the equator—N and S tips

  3. Elevation • as elevation increases, temperatures decrease • some mountain peaks with snow never melt even though on the equator

  4. Rainfall • Africa as whole gets plenty—it is just unevenly distributed • Cairo=1 inch a year • Nairobi, Kenya=38 inches a year • rain comes and goes, seasons, huge uncertainty

  5. drought—period of time with little or no rainfall • rainforest—rain every day • savanna—rain is seasonal

  6. Rainforest • along equator, high temps and tons of rain • complex ecosystem, plants living on plants, many levels

  7. soil is not fertile –too much rain washes away nutrients—leaching • main areas are western and central Africa • rainforests are threatened because of farming, logging, roads and mining

  8. Savanna • large open areas of grassland with few trees and bush • largest areas south of Sahara • warm temps and rainfall in the summer

  9. baobab trees—tall and spindly branches • great deal of wildlife, large animals

  10. Sahel • semiarid land just south of Sahara, dry grasslands • a transition zone between Savanna and Desert, desertification—fires, erosion, animals • hot temps, a little rain that is seasonal and sometimes not at all

  11. Deserts • -north and south of the equator • Sahara in the north, Namib and Kalahari in the south • all incredibly hot and dry, contain mountains

  12. Sahara=largest in world, sand, rock, gravel • equal to the continental US, all elevations

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