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Fate of Feathers

Fate of Feathers. Fall. Spring. Natal and Juvenal Plumages. (Natal Down Feathers, Juvenal Feathers). Subadult Plumages. Fig. 3-28 in Podulka et al. 2004. Definitive Plumage. One Complete Molt per Year. One Complete Molt per Year. 20. 21. Partial Molt.

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Fate of Feathers

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  1. Fate of Feathers Fall Spring

  2. Natal and Juvenal Plumages (Natal Down Feathers, Juvenal Feathers)

  3. Subadult Plumages Fig. 3-28 in Podulka et al. 2004

  4. Definitive Plumage

  5. One Complete Molt per Year

  6. One Complete Molt per Year 20 21

  7. Partial Molt

  8. Fall Complete Molt, Spring Partial Molt

  9. Two Complete Molts per Year

  10. Delayed Plumage Maturation FEMALE MALE First Breeding Season Definitive Subadult Second Breeding Season Definitive Definitive

  11. Delayed Plumage Maturation MALE Female Mimicry Hypothesis Why? Status Signaling Hypothesis Subadult Winter Crypsis Hypothesis Definitive

  12. Case Study: Benefits of Delayed Plumage Maturation First Breeding Season Second Breeding Season

  13. Molting Nomenclature 1

  14. Traditional Plumage Naming Systems 3 Natal Down Plumage Juvenal Plumage Nuptial Plumage Winter Plumage (Post-Nuptial Plumage)

  15. Traditional Plumage Naming Systems 3 Postnuptial Molt Postnatal Molt Postjuvenal Molt Prenuptial Molt

  16. Traditional Plumage Naming Systems Fig. 3-35 in Podulka et al. 2004

  17. Traditional Plumage Naming Systems: Problems • Different Plumages not always Correlated • with Breeding Behavior • No “Winter” Season in Tropics • Some Birds breed More or Less than • Once a Year

  18. Humphrey-Parkes Plumage Naming Systems 3 Natal Down Plumage Juvenal Plumage Alternate Plumage Basic Plumage

  19. Traditional Plumage Naming Systems 3 Prejuvenal Molt Prealternate Molt Prebasic Molt Prealternate Molt

  20. Humphrey-Parkes Plumage Naming Systems Fig. 3-35 in Podulka et al. 2004

  21. Applications of Humphrey-Parkes System Alternate Plumage http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1023&context=icwdmwfm

  22. REMIGE MOLT PROGRESSION: PARTIAL 12

  23. REMIGE MOLT PROGRESSION: PARTIAL Fig. 3-21 in Podulka et al. 2004

  24. RECTRICE MOLT PROGRESSION: PARTIAL 11 18

  25. REMIGE MOLT PROGRESSION: COMPLETE Loon Duck 13 14 Grebe 15

  26. 17 RECTRICE MOLT PROGRESSION: COMPLETE Puffin Owl 15 Boat-Tailed Grackle 16

  27. .. AND ONE MORE 21 22

  28. Non-Feathered Areas: Eye 29

  29. Eyes: Species Differences 24 23

  30. Eyes: Gender Differences Effect on Social Behavior Not Studied Extensively 25 26

  31. EYE COLOR: DEVELOPMENTAL DIFFERENCES 28 26 27

  32. Non-Feathered Areas: Beak/Bill Fig. 3-33 in Podulka et al. 2004

  33. Non-Feathered Areas: Beak/Bill 36

  34. Non-Feathered Areas: Bill/Beak Cere, Operculum, Groove, Tubular Nares

  35. Non-Feathered Areas: Bill/Beak 41 40

  36. Non-Feathered Areas: Bill/Beak (Seasonal Color Differences) Basic Plumage Alternate Plumage

  37. Non-Feathered Areas: Bill/Beak (Gender Differences) 10 9

  38. Non-Feathered Areas: Bill/Beak (Breeding Behavior) Oral Flanges

  39. Non-Feathered Areas: Feet Fig. 3-38 in Podulka et al. 2004

  40. Feathered Areas: Feet 52 53

  41. Non-Feathered Areas: Feet Types Perching 56

  42. Non-Feathered Areas: Feet Adaptations Fig. 3-39 in Podulka et al. 2004

  43. Non-Feathered Areas: Feet Adaptations

  44. Non-Feathered Areas: Feet Adaptations

  45. Non-Feathered Areas: Feet Adaptations

  46. Non-Feathered Areas: Feet (Pectinate Claw) Fig. 3-40 in Podulka et al. 2004

  47. Non-Feathered Areas: Feet (Wing Claw) Hoatzin

  48. Non-Feathered Areas: Head 59 60 61

  49. Non-Feathered Areas: Head 64 63 62

  50. Non-Feathered Areas: Head (Boom Sacs, Casques, Snoods, Combs, Wattles) 66 65 68 67

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