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Azotna jedinjenja

Azotna jedinjenja. Jelena Franeta. A minokiseline, proteini, enzimi, alkaloidi, nukleinske kiseline 7 N: 1s 2 2s 2 2p 3. :N ≡ N :. G rade vodoničnu vezu NH 3 -------- NH 3. Amini. D ef . D erivati amonijaka sa zamenjenim H atomom Podela :

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Azotna jedinjenja

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  1. Azotna jedinjenja Jelena Franeta

  2. Aminokiseline, proteini, enzimi, alkaloidi, nukleinske kiseline • 7N: 1s22s22p3 :N ≡ N : • Grade vodoničnu vezu • NH3 -------- NH3

  3. Amini • Def. Derivati amonijaka sa zamenjenim H atomom • Podela: - primarni R-NH2 -NH2 amino grupa - sekundarni R2- NH -NH imino grupa - tercijarni R3N

  4. Nomenklatura • Na ime alkana doda se nastavak AMIN i obeleži položaj amino grupe CH3- CH2- CH2-NH2 propan amin • Od aromatičnih (kao derivati anilina)

  5. Nalaženje i dobijanje • U prirodi • Dobijanje 1. laboratorijski H3N + CH3-Cl  H3N-CH3+Cl- CH3NH3+Cl- + višak NH3  CH3NH2 + NH4Cl CH3NH2 + CH3Cl  CH3-NH2+-CH3Cl- - kvaternerna amonijumova so 2. Redukcija nitrojedinjenja

  6. Fizičke osobine • Tečnosti ili gasovi • Mirišu na pokvarenu ribu • Rastvorni u vodi zbog građenja vodoničnih veza • Sa porastom molarne mase miris je neprijatniji. • npr. Kadaverin N2N-(CH2)5-NH2 i putrescin H2N-(CH2)4-NH2

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