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Color and Spectral Signatures

Color and Spectral Signatures. Steve Dutch University of Wisconsin-Green Bay. It’s a Colorful World. Color and Wavelength. Color Formalisms. Physical Optics Scattering is most important in Remote Sensing Color Centers and Crystal-Field Effects Individual atoms interact with light

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Color and Spectral Signatures

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  1. Color and Spectral Signatures Steve Dutch University of Wisconsin-Green Bay

  2. It’s a Colorful World

  3. Color and Wavelength

  4. Color Formalisms • Physical Optics • Scattering is most important in Remote Sensing • Color Centers and Crystal-Field Effects • Individual atoms interact with light • Inter-Atomic Interactions • Charge transfer • Molecular orbitals • Vibrations • Band Theory • Applicable to radar, not much to passive remote sensing

  5. Physical Optics • Scattering • Particulate Matter • Dispersion • Rainbows, etc. • Interference • Oil slicks, sea shells • Diffraction • Opal, CD’s

  6. Scattering

  7. Scattering

  8. Anti-Crepuscular Rays

  9. Major Types of Scattering • Rayleigh scattering • Small particle compared to wavelength of light • Mie scattering • Particle about the same size as wavelength of light • Geometric scattering • Particle much larger than wavelength of light

  10. Rayleigh Scattering • Molecules and nanoparticles • Proportional to 1/λ4 • Blue vs. Red = (700nm/400nm)4 = 9.4 • Why the sky is blue • Why isn’t the sky purple? • Less sunlight • Lower eye sensitivity • Greater absorption • UV Scattering useful in particle studies

  11. Mie Scattering • Responsible for most white colors • Cloud particles • Oil droplets in contaminated water • Suspended sediment • Algal blooms

  12. Multiple and Mie Scattering

  13. Backscattering

  14. Atomic Emission and Absorption

  15. Quantum Pinball

  16. Fluorescence(Sunlight and laser induced fluoresence in chlorophyll)

  17. Phosphorescence

  18. Electrons and Light

  19. Coloring Agents in Minerals

  20. Iron is the Main Source of Color in Rocks and Soils

  21. Charge Transfer

  22. Charge Transfer • Electron bumped between atoms • Extremely effective absorption mechanism • A major reason UV is not very useful for surface remote sensing • Very strong UV and blue absorption in iron oxide • Why we have “earth tones”

  23. Molecular Orbitals

  24. Molecular Orbitals

  25. Chlorophyll

  26. Water Vibration Modes

  27. What Color is Water?

  28. What Color is Ice?

  29. Spectrum of Water

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