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Ralph-Johan Back

TUCS 10 Years : A personal perspective. Ralph-Johan Back. 2007. Prehistory. 2006. 2005. 2004. 2003. Visiting professor at Caltech, Passadena 1991-92 Caltech number 1 Graduate School in ”world” (Times Magazine) Strong research center, some 20 Nobel prize winners Focus on Ph.D. education

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Ralph-Johan Back

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  1. TUCS 10 Years: A personal perspective Ralph-Johan Back

  2. 2007 Prehistory 2006 2005 2004 2003 • Visiting professor at Caltech, Passadena 1991-92 • Caltech number 1 Graduate School in ”world” (Times Magazine) • Strong research center, some 20 Nobel prize winners • Focus on Ph.D. education • Strong international enrollment of Ph.D. students • Well-organized administration to back up graduate school 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991

  3. 2007 TUCS kick-off meeting 1993 2006 2005 2004 2003 • Meeting with IT professors at TY, ÅA and TuKKK in September 1993 (in ”gamla bibban”) • Decided to start planning for a JointInternational Graduate School in Computer Science (IT) in Turku • TUCS guarantee was taken as basic principle for funding • International reqruitment, no preferential treatment for own students 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991

  4. 2007 Planning TUCS 1993 2006 2005 2004 2003 • Autumn 1993: • Committee to plan TUCS working principles • Ralph Back, Timo Järvi, Tapio Reponen, Arto Salomaa • TUCS was to be just a graduate school • Participting departments: • TY (CS & Mat), ÅA (CS), TuKKK (IS) • ÅA (IS) joined later (1995) • Graduate school formed in November 1993 • Formal agreement between participating departments • Name was TGSCS 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991

  5. 2007 Second TUCS agreement 1994 2006 2005 2004 2003 • March 1994: • New agreement, now between faculties • Name changed to TUCS • Faculties of Math & Natural Sciences in TY and ÅA, and TuKKK • Started international enrollment of Ph.D. students • Pilot funding from Ministry of Education (500 kmk) • Administration: • Ralph Back (director), Timo Järvi (vice director) • Arto Salomaa (chairman of board), Tapio Reponen (vice chairman) • Eeva Reijonen, TUCS secretary 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991

  6. 2007 TUCS start for real 1994 2006 2005 2004 2003 • First 24 students accepted in autumn 1994 • 5 students with grants • 6 students with salaries • 13 students with guarantees • Students from • Finland, China, Russia and Lithuania • Each student assigned supervisor • Supervisor sometimes changed later within reserch groups • Eventually, 19 students finished with a Ph.D. 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991

  7. 2007 TUCS 1994 students with Ph.D 2006 2005 2004 2003 • Grants: • Cungshen Ding (China, supevisor A. Salomaa, Ph.D 1997) • Linas Laibinis (Lithuania, R. Back, 2000) • Jianming Liang (China, T. Järvi, 2001) • Leonid Mikhailov (Russia, R. Back, 1999) • Anna Sosyura (Russia, R. Back, 1999) • Salaries • Jouni Järvinen (Finland, M. Nurminen, 1999) • Arto Lepistö (Finland, J. Karhumäki, 2002) • Janne Näppi (Finland, O. Nevalainen, 2000) • Tomi Pasanen (Finland, J. Teuhola, 1999) • Vesa Torvinen (Finland, M. Nurminen, 1999) 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991

  8. 2007 TUCS 1994 students, cont. 2006 2005 2004 2003 • Guarantees (older students with project funding): • Timo Auer (Finland, supervisor T. Reponen, Ph.D. 1995) • Jukka Hekanaho (Finland, R. Back, 1999) • Timo Käkölä (Finland, M. Nurminen, I. Eriksson, 1996) • Marjo Lipponen (Finland, A. Salomaa, 1996) • Thomas Långbacka (Finland, R. Back, 1997) • Juha Pärnistö (Finland, T. Reponen, 1997) • Rimvydas Ruksenas (Lithuania, R. Back, 2004) • Jukka Viitanen (Finland, Tapio Reponen, 1998) • Marina Walden (Finland, R. Back, K. Sere, 1998) 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991

  9. 2007 A busy summer 1994 2006 2005 2004 2003 • Summer 1994 • National graduate school applications • Center of excellence applications • We decided to also make TUCS into research center (on request from the Academy of Finland) • Starting 1995: • National Graduate school funding (Ph.D. student positions) • Center of Excellence in Research status 1995- 1999 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991

  10. 2007 TUCS status changes 1997 2006 2005 2004 2003 • New TUCS agreement, now between universities consolidates TUCS status • TUCS a separate institute, belonging jointly to TY, ÅA and TuKKK • TUCS get responsibility to coordinate all IT research and education in the three participating universities • TUCS get responsibility to coordinate university education in IT expansion in Turku 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991

  11. 2007 TUCS achivements -1 2006 2005 2004 2003 • International graduate school • Enrollment, supervision, funding, follow up, travelling, publications, • TUCS affiliations for all students • Appr. 200 Ph.D. students have been accepted • Some 70 Ph.D.s have been produced • Presently 100 Ph.D. students • Joint M.Sc. Education in English • Some 60 M.Sc. courses given in English each year • Extensive cooperation between IT professors in Turku • TUCS board for planning and discussions • Joint initiatives on national level 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991

  12. 2007 Achievements - 2 2006 2005 2004 2003 • TUCS publication series • TUCS technical reports start in 1996 • Now more than 600 TR published • TUCS publishes also Ph.D. thesis, conference publications, lecture notes, etc. • TUCS publication database • Keeps track of all TUCS research publications • More than 3000 publications recorded since 1996 (2000 in international, refereed publications) • International cooperation in Ph.D. education • TUCS founding member of European Educational Forum • TUCS has organized large number of summer schools and conferences 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991

  13. 2007 Achievements - 3 2006 2005 2004 2003 • First CS education expansion started in 1996 • M. Engineering in CS started in ÅA • Second CS education expansion started 1998 • Almost doubled IT education volume in TY, ÅA, TuKKK • New areas, new professorships, new curriculum • A large and demanding task • Master of Engineering degree at TY • Joint M.Eng. Education with ÅA/TY started in 1998 • TY receives own M. Eng. Degree in 2004 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991

  14. 2007 TUCS achievements - 4 2006 2005 2004 2003 • TUCS laboratory structure introduced in 2000 • Now 16 research laboratories, in different areas • Encourage starting new laboratories, new research fields • International masters program in IT started in 2001 • Precursor to Bologna agreement • Volume still growing, some 60 students were accepted in 2004, but drop out rate is still high • New ICT building • Next to Data City, some 25 000 m2 floor space • Will contain IT departments in ÅA, TY, and Turku Polytechnic • Ready in summer 2006 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991

  15. 2007 Challenges, barriers 2006 2005 2004 2003 • Language barriers • Finnish, Swedish, English • Not always easy to combine usage of different languages • Overall, TUCS has been successful in meeting this challenge • Research area barriers • Not as big a problem as expected • Interest for interdisciplinary research • But not always easy to organize 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991

  16. 2007 Challenges, barriers -2 2006 2005 2004 2003 • Administrative barriers • Barriers between universities, faculties, departments • These have been the really tough ones • Still very much to do to get smooth cooperation • Todays result based financing makes cooperation even more difficult than it was before 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991

  17. 2007 TUCS 2004 2006 2005 2004 2003 • CS expansion phase is over in TUCS • External funding from Ministry of Education and municipalities in Turku region is drying up • This funding is being replaced by result based funding and by external research funding • The overall funding may not be decreasing, but a much smaller part will be channeled through TUCS • Basic funding remains (universities, graduate school) • TUCS faces new realities, needs to refocus • TUCS needs to get its own money streams, or then shrink to become a cooperation organization only 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991

  18. 2007 TUCS future 2005 -- 2006 2005 2004 2003 • 4 scenarios • Educational TUCS • Research TUCS • Political TUCS • Industrial TUCS • May realize one, two or more scenarios (or none) 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991

  19. 2007 Educational TUCS 2006 2005 2004 2003 • Develope TUCS into a national and international IT education center • Continued emphasis on Ph.D. studies • International M.Sc. students program expanded, with external financing • Adult education, retraining • Focused courses and training for the industry • Conferences, workshops and summer schools • TUCS has head start with Bologna process • Bachelor and M.Sc. Level studies separated from the beginning 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991

  20. 2007 Research TUCS 2006 2005 2004 2003 • Develope TUCS into an international research center focused on some specific IT areas • Start large, EU wide research programs in these areas • Only capacity for 1-3 focus areas, where high competence can be achieved • International reqruitment of researchers • Requires combined efforts of two or more TUCS research labs • Industrial cooperation • Extensive international research cooperation 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991

  21. 2007 Example focus areas 2006 2005 2004 2003 • Bioinformatics • Health/medical IT • Software processes and reliability • Security and communication • IT in business processes • Etc. 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991

  22. 2007 Political TUCS 2006 2005 2004 2003 • Use TUCS as an instrument for coordinating joint initiatives • TUCS has good PR, considered nationally as a big player in CS • Departments individually are small players, do not have strong profile nationally or internationally • TUCS has proved its usefulness earlier in coordinating and getting funding for joint initiatives • Larger intiatives require credibility, volume and cooperation 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991

  23. 2007 Industrial TUCS 2006 2005 2004 2003 • Expand TUCS into a national player in IT industry • Make TUCS into an independent center that is affiliated with the universities, but manages its own finances • Could be jointly (partly?) owned by the universities • Should make profit in one way or the other, to finance its activities • Financing need not all come from industry, could also come from government and EU sources. • Focus activities on areas where there is strong competence and demand for service • Responsive to industry demands (VTT model?) 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991

  24. Thank you for supporting TUCS !

  25. Turku Centre for Computer Science Turun tietotekniikantutkimus- ja koulutuskeskus Åbo datatekniska forsknings-och utbildningscentrum DataCityLemminkäisenkatu 14 A20520 Turku

  26. Presentation • TUCS mission and organization • TUCS Master’s School • TUCS Graduate School • TUCS Research Laboratories

  27. 5 Departments from 3 Universities • University of Turku • Department of Information Technology • Department of Mathematics • Åbo Akademi University • Department of Computer Science • Department of Information Systems (and the Institute for Advanced Management Systems Research) • Turku School of Economics and Business Administration • Institute of Information Systems Science

  28. The size of TUCS 2004 • 38 Professors • 50 Doctors • 90 Ph.D. Students • Administrative Staff (25)

  29. TUCS’ mission● to conduct high level research and education within the area of Information Technology● to develop cooperation between universities and companies Goal: better utilization of present resourses

  30. The Director of TUCS The board Advisory Committee (23 · representatives , mostly outside Administrative workgroup representatives from companies) (the department heads) Master’s School Graduate School Research · Laboratories ( advanced level Graduate · studies ) School 16 · Master’s School independent Committee workgroup laboratories · 3 educational workgro ups Organization

  31. Advanced level courses at 5 departments TUCS Mast.School Master Master (from B. degree) Bachelor Level of Cooperation

  32. Activities are carried out in... • TUCS Master’s School • TUCS Graduate School • TUCS Research Laboratories

  33. TUCS Master’s School (1) • Established in the autumn of 2002 • 4 Master’s programmes (2 years) • Information Technology (University of Turku) • Software Engineering (Åbo Akademi University) • Electronic and Mobile Commerce (Åbo Akademi University) • Global IT Management (Turku School of Economics and Business Administration) • No tuition fees • Compulsory student union membership, about 85 euros/year

  34. TUCS Master’s School (2) • Open for students from everywhere • Prerequisites • University degree equivalent to a Bachelor's degree awarded by a Finnish university • Knowledge of English • Finnish Master’s Degree • Advanced level courses instructed in English • Master’s thesis, supervisor from one of the TUCS research laboratories

  35. TUCS Graduate School (1) • Established in 1994 • First Graduate School in Finland • In Finland there are alltogether 6 Graduate Schools within the area of Computer Science • TUCS Graduate School 2004 • 90 Ph.D. students • 35% foreign students (representing around 15 nationalities)

  36. TUCS Graduate School (2) • 4 years, open for students from everywhere • Offering doctoral studies in the following areas: • Computer Science • Mathematics • Information Systems • Computer Engineering • Communication Systems • Microelectronics

  37. TUCS Graduate School (3) • The studies consist of: Doctoral Dissertation Supervisor from one of the research laboratories 120 study weeks • Advanced level studies • at the 5 departments • offered in English • coordinated by the • educational workgroups 40 study weeks

  38. Research at TUCS • Over 3000 international publications since 1994 • 16 Research Laboratories within the following research areas: • Algorithmics • Bioinformatics • Communication Systems • Discrete Mathematics • Embedded Systems • Information Systems • Mathematical Modelling • Microelectronics • Software Engineering

  39. TUCS Research Laboratories (1) • 1. Algorithmics • 2. Bioinformatics • 3. Biomathematics • 4. Communication Systems • 5. Data Mining and Knowledge Management • 6. Discrete Mathematics for Information Technology • 7. Distributed Systems Design

  40. TUCS Research Laboratories (2) • 8. Embedded Systems • 9. Health and Medical Informatics • 10. High Performance Computing and Communication • 11. Laboris Information Systems • 12. Learning and Reasoning • 13. Microelectronics

  41. TUCS Research Laboratories (3) • 14. Mobile Commerce • 15. Networks Economics Institute • 16. Software Construction

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