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Lecture 7. Employee Involvement. Total Quality Management. Haroon Bakari. Employee Involvement. Employee are the strength of the organisation because the success of every business lies with efforts of the human resources. TQM principles and strategies pertaining to employees involvement
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Lecture 7 Employee Involvement Total Quality Management HaroonBakari
Employee Involvement • Employee are the strength of the organisation because the success of every business lies with efforts of the human resources. • TQM principles and strategies pertaining to employees involvement • Motivation • Team Work • Training and Mentoring • Recognition and Rewards • Feebback and Performance appraisals • Empowerment
Employee Motivation • In every organisation there are three catagories of people • Top-Nutch – Self-Actualized • Fence sitters • Difficult to improve Behavior of Employees
Motivation Theory of Individual Employees • Theory X (Sigmund Freud) characterizes that people • Avoid work • No Ambition • No initiative • Do not take responsibility • Need security • Management decisions for making them performance oriented • Reward • Coerce • Intimidate • Punish
Motivation Theory of Individual Employees • Theory Y (Douglas Mc Gregor) characterizes that people; • Want to learn • Work is a natural activity • Have self discipline • Develop themselves • The management can guide them in identifying challenging job, the potentials of the employees will be realized. • Some of the employees have the characteristics of top 10 percent belong to this theory.
Motivation Theory of Individual Employees • Theory Z (Abraham Maslow) describes that good qualities are inherent. • there are five basic needs that motivate the employees. • Physiological needs • Esteem needs • Love needs • Safety needs • Self-actualization needs Maslow Hierarchy Needs
Motivation Theory of Individual Employees • Hertzberg's Motivator-Hygiene Theory • Motivational aspect of human being is divided into • Hygiene theory(the minimum required for no dissatisfaction) • The Company • The policies and its administration • The kind of supervision which people receive while on job • Working conditions • Interpersonal relations • Salary • Status • Security • Motivation • Achievement • Recognition for achievement • Interest in the task • Responsibility for enlarged tasks • Growth and advancement to higher tasks
Team Work • Teams are made to do more work, which individuals can’t. • Team work is not a natural human function • Management’s responsibility to foster teamwork amongst employees, which requires clear definition of • Responsibility • Authority • Wherewithal (Resources) for accomplishing the task. • Criteria of measurement of the work output.
Training & Mentoring • The responsibility of the educational institutions is to develop personality of the students, so they get a broad understanding of variety of subjects. • Employee, therefore, needs orientation training to carry out the tasks correctly and also training should help to understand the following • Objectives of the organisation • Requirements and expectations from his team • His role and responsibilities • His authority • The know-how and know-why of the jobs • Familiarity and skills in operating the tools or machinery • Experienced Recruits need more orientation • Training is not a one-time activity.
Mentoring • Formal trainings apart from normal work, once in a year, are necessary, but not sufficient. They have to continuously coached for understanding the organisations’ policies, objectives and goals. This is called mentoring Mentoring
